ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Food analytical evaluation of fruits and vegetables-based diets in relation to human carbohydrates
Ali Aberoumand1*and S. S. Deokule2
1Food Science and Technology, Behbahan University, Behbahan, kuzestan, Iran.
2Department of Botany, University of Pune, Pune, India, 4111007.
Accepted 17 October, 2019
Abstract
Carbohydrates are the major nutrients of fruits and vegetables in human nutrition. Sucrose is one of the important parameters for the assessment of the commercial quality of the fruit, since consumers prefer the sweetest fruits. Results showed that fructose, glucose, sucrose contents were high in Cordia myxa (9.38, 12.75 and 29.09%) respectively and the starch content was high in Alocacia indica (60.41%). Alocacia has high calorie and nutritional value because it contains high carbohydrates contents (72.66%) and Cordia was the sweetest fruits because it contains the maximum amounts of sucrose, glucose and fructose. The TDF content was low in Portulaca oleracia (dried) (8 g %) and was high in Cordia myxa (27.7 g %). It is observed that vegetables of Portulaca, Asparagus, Momordica and Eulophia can be recommended in plant -based diets in Iran and India.
Key words: Fiber, carbohydrates, nutritional values, edible plants.
S. S. Deokule, * , Ali Aberoum
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 14 (7), pp. 001-006, July, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The influence of mitochondrial inhibitors on the life cycle of Phytophthora
Chantel W. Swart1, Pieter W. J. van Wyk 2, Carolina H. Pohl1, Wilma M. Kriel1 and Johan L. F. Kock1*
1UNESCO-MIRCEN: Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
2Centre for Microscopy, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
Accepted 13 April, 2020
Abstract
The anti-mitochondrial antifungal hypothesis implies a link between mitochondrial activity, fungal fruiting structures and susceptibility towards mitochondrial inhibitors. Here it is shown that the oomycete, Phytophthora nicotianae fits the hypothesis. Fruiting structures (zoosporangia) of this oomycete showed increased beta ( )-oxidation when probing levels of 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH oxylipins) with specific polyclonal antibodies. In addition, increased mitochondrial activity was also observed in the zoosporangia when the mitochondrial transmembrane potential ( m) probe, Rhodamine 123 was added to the culture. This indicates increased mitochondrial activity in the zoosporangia when compared to the hyphae. When the anti-mitochondrial drug acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was added to cultures of this oomycete, the zoosporangia were, as expected, most susceptible and were drastically inhibited in the presence of 1 mM of this compound. Similar ASA inhibition results were recorded for P. citrophthora. It is concluded that anti-mitochondrial compounds may find application in combating these devastating plant pathogens and that urgent further research is needed in this direction.
Key words: Acetylsalicylic acid, antifungal, anti-mitochondrial, asci, Phytophthora, plant pathogen.
Carolina H. Pohl, Wilma M. Kriel and Johan L. F. Kock*, Chantel W. Swart, Pieter W. J. van Wyk
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 14 (7), pp. 001-005, July, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Distribution of sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim constin in Vibrio cholerae isolated from patients and environment in Iran
Maryam Adabi1,2, Mosadegh Jabbari3 and Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari1*
1Anti-microbial Resistant Research Center. Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
3Rasool-E-Akram hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran.
Accepted 21 May, 2020
Abstract
The occurrence of drug-resistant Vibrio cholerae is being reported with increasing frequency worldwide. Spread of resistant strains has been attributed, in part, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim-constin (SXT-C). Sixty V. cholerae isolates obtained from cholera patients from different provinces in Iran during 2004 to 2006 and thirty-seven V. cholerae strains from surface water sources at 5 different locations in Tehran, Iran during 2006 were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction amplification of SXT-C. In clinical isolates the highest and the least levels of antibiotic resistance were seen to SXT, streptomycin and chloramphenicol (95, 95 and 92%, respectively) and doxycycline, gentamicin and oxytetracycline (0, 3 and 3%, respectively). PCR for SXT element of clinical and environmental isolates was positive for 95 and 19% of isolates, respectively. The results of this study showed that among the clinical and environmental V. cholerae resistance to SXT, streptomycin and chloramphenicol could be, in part, due to wide distribution of SXT-C isolates.
Key words: Anti-microbial resistant, Vibrio cholerae, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim-constin (SXT-C).
Maryam Adabi, Mosadegh Jabbari and Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari*
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 14 (6), pp. 001-004, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Comparison of CAV antibody titers in a vaccinated and naturally infected broiler breeder flocks
Payam Haghighi Khoshkhoo*, Gita Akbariazad and Mehrdad Tashakori
Department of Clinical Sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Accepted 13 May, 2020
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to perform the efficacy of one attenuated live vaccine Nobilis CAV P4 (Intervet Co., Netherland) in broiler breeder and their progenies compared to naturally infected flock. The vaccine was administrated to Ross 308 broiler breeder at 6 week old through S.C. rout. A total of 352 serum samples were collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated breeder flocks (that infected naturally) from 6 to 33 weeks old and 2 times in their progenies at one-day old. Sera were analyzed using indirect Elisa kit (Synbiotic Corporation, USA) and data obtained were compared between 2 groups statistically. Due to natural infection of chicken infectious anemia (CIA) in unvaccinated breeder, mean titer in breeder and their progenies was significantly higher than vaccinated breeder and their progenies (P<0.05). The CV%s in breeders was not different significantly (P>0.05) but CV% in progeny of unvaccinated breeder flock was twice more than progeny of vaccinated flock. There were 5 and 12% of zero titers of antibody in hens and progenies in unvaccinated breeder flock respectively. All breeders from vaccinated flock were positive serologically. It seems that vaccination could be an efficient rout for eliminating susceptible birds, decreasing variation in antibody titers and induction persistent and homogenous antibody titer in progeny.
Key words: Chicken infectious anemia (CIA), live vaccine, broiler breeder, efficacy.
Payam Haghighi Khoshkhoo*, Gita Akbariazad and Mehrdad Tashakori
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 14 (6), pp. 001-005, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A surveillance study of antimicrobial susceptibility in 11 hospitals in Kurdistan Province
Ahsan B.1, Beiranvand S.2, Abdulmaleki N.,3 Mohamadi H.4 and Kalantar E.5*
1Deputy of Treatment, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandja, Iran.
2Deputy of Food and Druh, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandja, Iran.
3Reference Laboratory, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandja, Iran.
4Mohammadi H, Evaluation Unit, Deputy of Treatment, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandja, Iran.
5Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandja, Iran.
Accepted 10 May, 2020
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become a serious public health concern all over the world. The objective of this study was to determine susceptibility patterns of microorganisms to antibiotics in 11 hospital laboratories in Kurdistan province. During one month period (February, 2010), all the clinical specimens which were received from the laboratories were processed for isolation and identification of bacteria to the species level by standard methods. Testing procedures were validated following the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique using Muller Hinton agar. Susceptibility testing was performed on Mueller– Hinton agar. A total of 4395 clinical specimens were obtained from 4301 patients among them, 1062 (24.7%) were male and 3239 (75.3%) were female, giving on overall male to female ratio of 0.32. Their mean age was 31.3 years (range: 4 to 74 years). Based on data 310 pathogens were isolated and Escherichia coli 183 (59.3%), followed Klebsiella pneumoniae 40 (01.29%) and Staphylococcus aureus 39 (1.25%) were the predominant isolated bacteria. The most resistant antibiotics tested against isolated bacteria were penicillin, ampicillin, and amoxicillin. Lastly, these resistance rates leave imipenem and ciprofoxcacin as the reliable agent for the empirical treatment in this province. The present study has shown that the urinary tract infection (UTI) patients have a higher rate of infection. The risk of antibiotic resistance in isolated bacteria, particularly E. coli, emphasizes the importance of hospital control measures and rational prescribing policies. Lastly, these resistance rates leave ciprofloxcacin and imipenem as the reliable agent for the empirical treatment in this province.
Key words: Antimicrobial resistance, Escherichia coli, ciprofloxacin and imipenem.
Beiranvand S, Ahsan B, Abdulmaleki N and Mohamadi H and Kalantar E*
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 14 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antimelanogenic and antioxidant activities of Bifidobacterium infantis
Huey-Chun Huang1, Shao-Hua Chiu2, Hui-Ju Ke2, Shu-wen Chiu2, Sze-Yun Wu2 and Tsong-Min Chang2*
1Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
2Department of Applied Cosmetology and Graduate Institute of Cosmetic Science, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Accepted 15 April, 2020
Abstract
The study was aimed at investigating the antimelanogenic and antioxidative effects of Bifidobacterium infantis culture filtrate. The efficacy of the bacterial culture filtrate was evaluated spectrophotometrically. The results revealed that B. infantis culture filtrate effectively scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS radicals, and show potent reducing power in a dose-dependent pattern. Additionally, the bacterial culture filtrate suppresses murine B16F10 tyrosinase activity and the amount of melanin in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that the B. infantis culture filtrate may be applied in the formulations of skin care cosmetics.
Key words: Bifidobacterium infantis, tyrosinase, melanin, antioxidant.
Shu-wen Chiu, Huey-Chun Huang, Shao-Hua Chiu, Sze-Yun Wu and Tsong-Min Chang*, Hui-Ju Ke
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