ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 19 (4), pp. 001-003, April, 2025. www.internationalscholarsjournals.org/ © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Extraction of the NBS-LRR Class Resistance Gene (I2 Gene) from the Heamsona Tomato Cultivar
Pritesh Parmar* and R. B. Subramanian
B R D School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Post Box no. 39, Vallbh Vidya Nagar- 388120 (Gujarat) India.
Accepted 20 March, 2025
Abstract
Three races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1, 2 and 3 are identified depending on the avirulence protein or effector protein secreted by fungal pathogen during the host colonization in tomato. These effector proteins are recognized by the host innate immune system based on R gene expressions that are I1, I2 and I3 in tomato for each races. Amongst the three, I2 protein has been cloned and characterized for the incompatibility against race 2 type of the pathogens. In India race 1 type of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici observed commonly which require presence of I1 gene in tomato plant for the incompatibility reactions but in the present study, I2 gene was partially isolated from the tomato cultivar Heamsona and observed to be resistance against race 1 type of pathogen.
Key words: Fusarium wilt, race, R-gene, resistance, tomato.
Pritesh Parmar*, R. B. Subramanian
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https://doi.org/10.46882/AJMR/2156Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 19 (4), pp. 001-012, April, 2025. www.internationalscholarsjournals.org/ © International Scholars Journals
Review
Utilizing Transgenic Plants as Bioproduction Systems for Vaccines
B. Vinod Kumar1, T. K. Raja2, M. R. Wani3, S. A. Sheikh3, M. A. Lone3, Gowher Nabi4, M. M. Azooz5, Muhammad Younis6, Maryam Sarwat7 and Parvaiz Ahmad8*
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
2KMR College of Pharmacy, Perundurai – 638052, Tamilnadu, India.
3Department of Botany, GDC Anantnag 192102, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
4Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi
Arabia.
5Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt.
6Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, IIT, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
7Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh 201303.
8Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar 190001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Accepted 23 Jan, 2025
Abstract
Edible vaccine technology represents an alternative to fermentation based vaccine production system. Transgenic plants are used for the production of plant derived specific vaccines with native immunogenic properties stimulating both humoral and mucosal immune responses. Keeping in view the practical need of new technology for production and delivery of inexpensive vaccines, especially in developing world, plant derived edible vaccines is the best option in hand to combat infectious diseases. Plant derived vaccine is easy to administer, cost effective, readily acceptable, have increased safety, stability, versatility and efficacy. Several plant derived vaccines are under research, some are under clinical trials for commercial use. Like most biotechnology products, the IP situation for edible vaccines is complex as IP rights influence every stage of vaccine development.
Keywords: Transgenic plants, edible vaccines, chimeric viruses, bacterial diseases, viral diseases.
B. Vinod Kumar, T. K. Raja, M. R. Wani, S. A. Sheikh, M. A. Lone, Gowher Nabi, M. M. Azooz, Muhammad Younis, Maryam Sarwat, Parvaiz Ahmad
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https://doi.org/10.46882/AJMR/2155Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 19 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Embryo Production and Transfer in the Algerian "Cheurfa" Bovine Breed
Ferrouk Mustapha1, Gharbi Ismail1, Adel Djallal1, Lafri Mohamed1, Touati Kamel2, Kaidi Rachid1 and Djamel Guetarni1
1Faculty of Agro-Veterinary Science, University Saad Dahlab of Blida, Algeria.
2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege, Belgium.
Accepted 19 January, 2025
Abstract
This work has permitted to test the response of the local cattle Cheurfa for a pFSH superovulation treatment based on administration of 40 mg pFSH (LH/FSH 40%), at a rhythm of 2 injections every 12 h between J10 and J13 of the oestrus cycle associated to injection of prostaglandin synthesis "Prosolvin®" at the 3rd day of the treatment. Two inseminations were carried out at 12 h interval after observed oestrus. The embryos were collected at J7. With four tests carried out, the average number of corpus luteum and collected embryos obtained were respectively 7.5 and 5 per cow. The number of transferable embryos was 2.33 per cow, with a viability rate of 46.66%. Five fresh embryos were transferred in recipients improved breed from the embryos obtained. The pregnancy rate obtained was 0% with 3 born calves Cheurfa type (2 male and 1 female).
Key words: Superovulation - embryo - transfer - cattle – local.
Ferrouk Mustapha, Gharbi Ismail, Adel Djallal, Lafri Mohamed, Touati Kamel, Kaidi Rachid, Djamel Guetarni
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https://doi.org/10.46882/AJMR/2154Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 19 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Regeneration of Kenyan Maize Inbred Lines and Their Single Cross Hybrids from Immature Embryos via Somatic Embryogenesis
Binott, J. J.1,2*, Songa, J. M.1, Ininda, J.1, Njagi, E. M.2 and Machuka, J.2
1Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Biotechnology Centre NARL P.O. Box 14733-00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
2Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Accepted 15 February, 2008
Abstract
Field grown, self pollinated maize genotypes were planted in KARI (Kiboko and Kabete) research stations between January 2004 and May 2005. Immature maize embryos from twelve parental inbred lines and their respective single cross hybrids were evaluated for their ability form callus, somatic embryos and subsequent regeneration into plants. The embryos were excised from surface sterilized kernels harvested at different physiological stages, namely 10 - 24 days after pollination (DAP). They were used as explants to initiate callus on solid N6 basal media with varying level of 2,4-D (0 - 20 mg L-1) and regenerated on hormone free MS media. Optimal induction of primary callus at 2 mg L-1 averaged 83% and 67 in hybrids and inbred lines respectively. Somatic embryo competence was demonstrated in 6 inbreeds and 4 hybrids. However, plant regeneration was only achieved in 4 inbreeds and 3 hybrids. 90% percent of regenerants were normal and fertile. The successful regeneration of some of the inbred lines and/or hybrids provides a basis for development of genetic transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens to improve priority traits such as enhanced insects/pest and drought tolerance.
Key words: Inbred lines and hybrids, immature embryos, in vitro plant regeneration, recalcitrancy.
Binott, J. J., Songa, J. M., Ininda, J., Njagi E. M., Machuka, J.
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https://doi.org/10.46882/AJMR/2153Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 19 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In Vitro Propagation of Miracle Berry (Synsepalum dulcificum) via Embryo and Nodal Cultures
K. E. Ogunsola1* and C. O. Ilori2
1General Diagnostics/Biotechnology Unit, Nigeria Plant Quarantine Service PMB. 5672 Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria.
2Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Accepted 7 December, 2024
Abstract
Miracle berry is an evergreen tropical shrub which modifies sour food to produce a sweet taste. Its propagation is, however, hindered by seed recalcitrance and difficulty of stem to root. Thus in vitro propagation was investigated through embryo and nodal explants using different levels and combinations of auxins and cytokinins in MS medium. Embryo was regenerated in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l NAA + 0.2 mg/l BAP. Lateral buds proliferation was induced on the germinated embryo with 0.6 - 3.0 mg/l BAP + 0.1 - 0.2 mg/l NAA in which 3.0 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l NAA produced highest number of buds. Rooting of the embryo regenerated plantlets was achieved with 1.0 - 2.0 mg/l IBA + 0.1 mg/l BAP. Very low (5 - 10%) axillary and terminal buds formation was achieved from nodal cultures. Few of the nodal explants formed buds with 0.1 - 0.8 mg/l NAA + 0.2 - 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.02 mg/l GA3 with 0.8 mg/l NAA + 0.2 mg/l BAP producing the best result. However, all efforts to induce rooting on the buds formed from nodal explants proved abortive.
Key words: Miracle berry, in vitro conservation, recalcitrance, embryo culture, regeneration.
K. E. Ogunsola, C. O. Ilori
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https://doi.org/10.46882/AJMR/2152Review
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2736-1756 Vol. 19 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Review
Manual Cloning of Mammals: An Innovative Methodology
Adil Salim l Elsheikh
Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Shambat, P.O. Box
32, Sudan, E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 26 June, 2024
Abstract
Handmade embryo reconstitution (HMER) has been used to study the parameters of nuclear transfer experiments such as fusion process, nuclear remodeling, nuclear reprogramming, biochemical processes, and biological processes during embryogenesis. These parameters have been widely investigated using the micromanipulator-based cloning technique (MBCT). This technique is a tedious, multi-step, time consuming and complicated procedure that utilizes expensive equipment. The HMER has emerged as an alternative for the MBCT. If the HMER is used to produce cloned animals it is known as handmade cloning (HMC). The HMC will allow the scientists to produce cloned animals with simple non-expensive equipment. Consequently, enormous data concerning all the facets of the nuclear transplantation experiments could be retrieved from various laboratories. This will allow a better future application of the cloning technique for the welfare of human, through production of animals with high genetic traits, rescue of endangered animal species and production of transgenic animals that can produce medicine for certain human diseases.
Key words: Cloning, chemical enucleation, oocyte bisection, mouse.
Adil Salim l Elsheikh
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https://doi.org/10.46882/AJMR/2151