ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Adenovirus type 3 infections in camels in Sudan
K. S. Intisar1, Y. H. Ali1, A. I. Khalafalla2, K. M. Taha3 and Mahasin E. A. Rahman1
1Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, P. O. Box 8067, Al Amarat, Khartoum, Sudan.
2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314 Khartoum North, Sudan.
3Atbara Veterinary Research Laboratory.
Accepted 22 June, 2016
Abstract
The incidence of adenovirus type 3 infections in camels in Sudan was studied. Lungs of Camel with pneumonia lungs (n = 239) were collected from slaughter houses at four different areas in Sudan. Adenovirus type 3 antigen was detected in 1.3% of 239 tested camel lungs by the use of sandwich ELISA. Specimens from Northern (3.3%) and Central Sudan (1.2%) were found to be positives. Direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT) was used to confirm the adenovirus ELISA positives; all ELISA positives were found to be positive using FAT. Seroprevalence of adenovirus type 3 was investigated, camel sera (n = 260) were collected from the same areas in Sudan. Collected sera were examined for adenovirus antibodies using indirect ELISA. The overall detected seroprevalence was 90%; highest prevalence was in South Central (100%) then Western (94.3%) and Central Sudan (92.5%). The lowest seroprevalence was in Northern Sudan (80%). The most detected degree of positivity was +3 then +5. This represents the first report for the detection of adenovirus type 3 antigen and antibodies in camels in Sudan. It was noticed to cause pathologic effect in camel lungs.
Key words: Camel, Adenovirus 3, ELISA, Sudan.
A. I. Khalafalla, K. S. Intisar, K. M. Taha and Mahasin E. A. Rahman, Y. H. Ali
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Cloning and expression of C-terminal of Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxin and its biological activity
Atieyeh Taherian Fard1, Fariha Hasan1, Mojgan Bandehpour 2, Nariman Mosaffa2, Fatemeh Mashhadi Abbas3, Abdul Hameed1, Aamer Ali Shah1 and Bahram Kazemi2*
1Department of Microbiology, Quaid - i -Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
2Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, M. C., Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University, M. C, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 5 April, 2017
Abstract
Pathogenic clostridia produce exocellular toxins that resemble lipoteichoic acid and are described as super antigens. These toxins stimulate T-cell receptor-carrying lymphocytes in peripheral blood and have been used to study immunodeficiency diseases and cancers. The CPE C -terminal region from one of the local type A strain was cloned in the pET32a vector its expression induced with IPTG. The expressed protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and tested for biological activity with Vero cells assay. This region of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) has a predominant ligand-binding activity. In the present study, the biological activity of the C-terminal region of local purified CPE came under study with Vero cell assay, guinea pig skin test and mouse test to evaluate for future use as a therapeutic purpose. The result of this study showed that, the study’s local purified C -CPE had cytotoxic activity in Vero cells even at the minimum dilution of 0.625 ng after a 4-h incubation period. It caused transient increase in capillary permeability in guinea pigs. C- CPE did not have systemic effect on Balb/c mice. The use of the C-CPE peptide may provide a novel way to target drugs to Claudine-expressing cells.
Key words: Cloning, gene expression, Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), vero cells, nigrosin, guinea pig skin test, mouse test, Claudine.
Nariman Mosaffa, Fariha Hasan, Fatemeh Mashhadi Abbas, Aamer Ali Shah and Bahram Kazemi*, Abdul Hameed, Mojgan Bandehpour, Atieyeh Taherian Fard
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In silico identification of MicroRNAs and their targets in diatoms
Yong Zhong Lu* and Jie Liu
Biology Department, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266043, China.
Accepted 10 June, 2016
Abstract
As one of the most successful groups of microalgae in the contemporary ocean, diatoms are of ecological, biotechnological and evolutionary significance. Recent research has revealed for the first time the presence of functional silencing machinery in diatoms. Nevertheless, no microRNAs (miRNAs) participating in their gene regulation have been reported. Based on the principle of sequence conservation, previous known plant miRNAs were blasted against the expressed sequence tag databases of the marine diatoms Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Thalassiosira pseudonana and according to a series of filtering criteria, 6 conserved miRNAs were identified and 5 potential target genes of them were subsequently predicted. Alignmental and phylogenetic analyses showed that the miRNA precursor sequences were unexpectedly poorly conserved and distantly related to other family members. Above all, the findings from this study will contribute not only to further research of miRNAs features and regulatory mechanisms in diatoms, but also to their evolutionary research by virtue of new molecular tools.
Key words: Diatom, microRNA, evolution, bioinformatics.
Jie Liu, Yong Zhong Lu*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production in clinical isolates of Klebsiella spp.
Rashid Ramazanzadeh
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected].
Accepted 20 January, 2017
Abstract
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are most prevalent in Klebsiella pneumoniae. This organism is frequently isolated from clinical specimens and can cause septicemia, pneumonia or urinary tract infection. We investigated a spread of Klebsiella spp. isolates producing ESBL in a university hospital of Sanandaj- Iran. Over one year period, a total of 48 K. pneumoniae isolates, were examined by double disk tests and PCR methods. Ten isolates were defined as ESBLs. The ESBL producer isolates was more resistant to selected antibiotics than ESBL negative isolates. The most frequent ESBL type was CTX-M. This is the first report of Klebsiella spp. isolates producing ESBL in Sanandaj hospitals. Production of ESBLs by K. pneumoniae is a widespread nosocomial problem. Knowledge about their prevalence is essential to guide towards appropriate infection control and antibiotic management strategies.
Key words: Extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL), hospital, Klebsiella spp.
Rashid Ramazanzadeh
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Use of nitrous acid mutant of Aspergillus niger for citric acid production from local cane-molasses
Kabera Justin1, Ugirinshuti Viateur1 and Mukantirenganya Prudentienne2*
1Researcher at Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Musanze station, Ruhengeri city, Rwanda.
2Rubavu city, Western Province, Rwanda.
Accepted 24 June, 2016
Abstract
In this study, the enhancement of citric acid production from local molasses was attempted by mutagenesis. A local stain of Aspergillus niger was isolated from lemon leaves and treated with nitrous acid. The obtained mutant and the wild type of A. niger were separately used for the bioconversion of the local molasses into citric acid. The molasses fermentation was carried out at 30°C in a stirred flask. The results showed that the mutant exhibited an increased efficiency for citric acid production when compared with the wild type. It produced 230.45 gl-1 of citric acid; two fold increase over the parent strain (105.67 gl-1), with higher sugar consumption by the mutant compared with the wild type. The maximum citric acid production levels were reached on the 9th day of fermentation by the mutant and the 10th day of fermentation by the wild strain. The mutant proved to be appropriate for citric acid production and waste material valorization in Rwanda. Also, this investigation showed itself to be one of ecofriendly technologies for Rwanda. So, the use of this technology should have impact on both the Rwanda economic development and environmental protection.
Key words: Rwanda, Aspergillus niger, bioconversion, cane-molasses, citric acid, mutagenesis, mutant, nitrous acid.
Ugirinshuti Viateur and Mukantirenganya Prudentienne*, Kabera Justin
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Distribution of pathogen in the Bohai sea in spring and summer
Peng Zaiqing1*, Zhuang Zhixia2, Huang Rongfu2 and Lu Zhiqiang1
1National Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
2The Key Laboratory of Analytical Sciences of MOE and Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
Accepted 2 June, 2016
Abstract
The aquicultural pathogen Vibrio spp. is popular and harmful to mariculture animals and even resulted in human enterogastrtis. However, little is known about the abundance and distribution of marine pathogen in Bohai Sea. In the present study, the distributions of the typical pathogens, including Escherichia Coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio fluvialis and Vibrio harviyi, were investigated using protein micro array method from the Bohai Sea samples, which collected in spring and summer in 2005, respectively. The results showed that: (1) Temporally, the tested typical pathogens were more abundant in summer than in spring, as supported by the total pathogenic Vibrios averaged 3.05 × 104/L in spring while 2.48 × 105/L in summer; (2) Spatially, in summer, pathogenic Vibrios in Bohai Bay was 4.87, 10.52 and 7.15 times higher than that in Liaodong Bay, Laizhou Bay and Central Bohai Sea, respectively (p = 0.034, 0.013 and 0.012, respectively). (3) Total pathogenic Vibrios in coastal area was 4.68 times higher than that in central area (p = 0.0279 < 0.05), showing a decline trend in abundance. (4) All the pathogenic Vibrios varied between spring and summer, with greatest variance in V. fluvialis. Both V. parahaemolyticus and V. harveyi had no significant variances. Bohai Bay was heavily polluted and relatively not fit for mariculture. V. fluvialis dominated in Bohai Sea and was a possible major pathogen of vibriosis.
Key words: Bohai sea, protein micro array, pathogenic Vibrio.
Zhuang Zhixia, Peng Zaiqing*, Huang Rongfu and Lu Zhiqiang
Page: 1 - 10