ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Two methods for extraction of high-purity genomic DNA from mucoid Gram-negative bacteria
Xiao Xiao1, Jingling Zhang1,2, Quanyi Zhang1, Li Wang1,2, Yafang Tan1, Zhaobiao Guo1, Ruifu Yang1, Jingfu Qiu2 and Dongsheng Zhou1*
1State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
2School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Accepted 13 September, 2019
Abstract
Due to the production of abundant capsular polysaccharides and or exopolysaccharides, some bacteria form mucoid and opaque colonies on solid agar medium. Polysaccharides interfere with the isolation and characterization of DNA. Extraction of polysaccharide-free DNA from the mucoid bacteria is required for genetic and biochemical studies. In this study, mucoid Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Klebsiella pneumonia were used as model organisms for comparing the effectiveness of two DNA extraction methods. The two methods were proved reproducible and cost-effective for extracting high-purity genome DNA from mucoid bacteria for further applications.
Key words: Mucoid bacteria, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Klebsiella pneumonia, DNA isolation, polysaccharides.
Jingfu Qiu and Dongsheng Zhou*, Xiao Xiao, Ruifu Yang, Yafang Tan, Jingling Zhang, Li Wang, Quanyi Zhang, Zhaobiao Guo
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of different concentrations of bacterial suspensions on biocontrol efficacy and storage stability of three biocontrol agents
Yi Zhan, Quan Xu, Hongxia Liu, Yunpeng Wang* and Jianhua Guo
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticide in Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
Accepted 26 September, 2019
Abstract
The influence of bacterial suspension concentration on biocontrol efficacies and storage stabilities of three biocontrol agents, including BACILLUS CEREUS AR156, PANTOEA ANANATIS YT11 and PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS ABc9, were studied. The results indicated that biocontrol efficacy and storage stability did not increase along with the enhancement of the concentration of biocontrol agents, and 109 CFU ml-1 of the strain P. FLUORESCENS ABc9, 108 CFU ml-1 of B. CEREUS AR156 and 108 CFU ml-1 of P. ANANATIS YT11 provided the best biocontrol efficacy as 63.06, 49.55 and 52.25% respectively, and the most suitable concentration of the biocontrol agents for preservation ranged from 108 to 109 CFU ml-1.
Key words: Biological control, strain concentration, biocontrol efficacy, storage viability.
Hongxia Liu, Quan Xu, Yunpeng Wang* and Jianhua Guo, Yi Zhan
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-009, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Characterization of the recombinant group 3 alcohol dehydrogenase from Thermotoga lettingae TMO
Rong Chen1,2, Xiaopu Yin1, Chunna Yu1, Qiuyan Wang1, Xiaori Zhan1 and Tian Xie1*
1Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou, 310012 China.
2State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China.
Accepted 19 September, 2019
Abstract
The gene encoding a thermophilic group 3 alcohol dehydrogenase from Thermotoga lettingae TMO was cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The full-length DNA sequence of TlADH was 1086-bp encoding a polypeptide of 361 amino acids. Comparative and bioinformatic analysis revealed that TlADH showed high similarity to group 3 ADHs from thermophilic and mesophilic alcohol dehydrogenases, but relatively highest similarity to T. maritime 1, 3-propanediol dehydrogenase. The optimal pH-values of butanol oxidation and butylaldehyde reduction of TlADH were 11.9 and 6.0, respectively. Kinetic parameters of the enzymes showed TlADH preferred NADP+ to NAD+ as a cofactor. TlADH can catalyze a range of primary alcohols oxidation, while it was inactive towards branched-chain alcohols and cyclitol. TlADH also can reduce aldehydes to corresponding alcohols, including aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. It showed higher activity of aldehyde reduction than that of alcohol oxidation that may be relative to reactive aldehyde detoxification in cell metabolism. In the case of external ions addition we found a 5.23-fold increase in reaction activity by the adding of 1 mM MnCl2. T. lettinga ADH was cloned and overproduced in a mesophilic heterologous expression system, and the recombinant enzyme was characterized. It will be helpful to understand more about the physiological role of group 3 alcohol dehydrogenase.
Key words: Group 3 ADH, bioinformatic analysis, recombinant expression, thermophilic, catalytic properties.
Chunna Yu, Xiaori Zhan and Tian Xie*, Rong Chen, Qiuyan Wang, Xiaopu Yin
Page: 1 - 9
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Bacterial contamination of computer keyboards and mice, elevator buttons and shopping carts
A. K. Al-Ghamdi1, S. M. A. Abdelmalek2* A. M. Ashshi3, H. Faidah3, H. Shukri4 and A. A. Jiman-Fatani4
1College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
2Faculty of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman Jordan.
3College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
4King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Accepted 26 September, 2019
Abstract
This study aims at investigating the status of bacterial contamination of four daily used objects, computer keyboards, computer mice, elevator buttons and shopping carts handles. A total of 400 samples were collected from 4 different objects; 100 from each. Samples were collected from different places (offices, internet cafes, homes, buildings and supermarkets) in the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 95.5% of the total samples collected were contaminated with mixed bacterial growth. Coagulase-negative staphylococci dominated the isolates. The second most common bacterial growth in all specimens was Gram-positive bacilli. Potential pathogens isolated from all specimens were: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp. and Gram negative bacilli. Results indicate that internet café computer keyboards and mice showed 100% contamination in comparison with other objects. The presence of pathogenic and commensal bacteria on the four objects indicates that they might act as environmental vehicles for the transmission of potentially pathogenic bacteria.
Key words: Bacterial contamination, computers, public surfaces.
S. M. A. Abdelmalek* A. M. Ashshi, H. Faidah, H. Shukri and A. A. Jiman-Fatani, A.K. Al-Ghamdi
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Virulence factors and antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens from landfill leachate
Efuntoye M. O.1*, Bakare A. A.2 and Sowunmi A. A.2
1Department of Microbiology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria.
2Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Accepted 22 September, 2019
Abstract
A total of 34 isolates of bacteria, 20 Staphylococus aureus and 14 Clostridium perfringens from leachate samples, were investigated for virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Majority (>70%) of the isolates produced enterotoxins. Many of the S. aureus isolates tested positive for deoxyribonuclease, haemolysins and slime production. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) was the predominant enterotoxin produced by the S. aureus. None of the S. aureus was resistant to ciprofloxacin, novobiocin and vancomycin. Six isolates were resistant to methicillin and majority of them were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and bacitracin. Eleven (78.6%) of the C. perfringens isolates produced enterotoxin and were also beta haemolytic. Except for one strain each of C. perfringens which were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin-sulbaltam respectively, all others were susceptible to the antibiotics tested. The presence of several of the virulence traits investigated and resistance to commonly used antibiotics in many of the S. aureus and C. perfringens tested raises concern about their dissemination through leachate to the environment. The accumulation of leachate and possible contamination of surface and groundwater sources also points out its potential risk for public health. There is need for some measures to properly manage waste and consequently reduce surface and groundwater contamination through leachate percolation.
Key words: Virulence factor, landfill leachate, antibiotic resistance, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, health impact.
Bakare A. A. and Sowunmi A. A., Efuntoye M. O.*
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of serological response of chicks against angara disease agent through indirect haemaglutination test
Shahzad Akbar Khan1*, Tarique Hussain2, Muhammad Akhtar Qureshi1, Gulzar Ahmed1, Sarfaraz Ali Fazlani3, Ijaz Ahmed4 and Farhan Anwar Khan4
1Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
2National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
3Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Lasbella University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan.
4N.W.F.P Agriculture University, Peshawar. Pakistan.
Accepted 24 October, 2019
Abstract
Indirect Haemaglutination test is a reliable quantitative serological test for measuring antibodies against angara disease. The etiological agent contained in the liver of affected chick did not directly haemaglutinate erythrocyte of chickens. The antibody titre measured through IHA varied from 1:8-1: 128, in the sera (samples) of experimentally infected chickens at days 7, 14 and 21 post vaccination.
Key words: Haemagglutination, titre, sera, angara disease.
Evaluation of serological response of chicks against angara disease agent through indirect haemaglutination test
Ijaz Ahmed and Farhan Anwar Khan, Shahzad Akbar Khan*, Muhammad Akhtar Qureshi, Sarfaraz Ali Fazlani, Tarique Hussain, Gulzar Ahmed
Page: 1 - 4