ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) of new isolated strains of bifidobacteria from newborn babies microbiota
J. Z. Mazo, A. Z. Dinon, C. Tagliari, E. C. Ilha, E. S. Sant’Anna and A. C. M. Arisi*
Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Accepted 24 February, 2018
Abstract
Bifidobacterium species are known for their beneficial effects on health and their wide use as probiotics. Molecular methods applied to accurately and rapidly identify these micro-organisms are necessary. This study was conducted in order to isolate Bifidobacterium from newborn babies’ microbiota and also to identify the new isolated strains by PCR and ARDRA. The bile and the low pH tolerance for the new isolates were evaluated as evidence of possible probiotic potencial. A total of 30 strains were isolated from four newborn babies and three of them (I6, I17 and I20) were identified as Bifidobacterium after PCR using two genus-specific primer pairs. Digestion patterns of I17 and I20 by ARDRA were similar to B. longum and B. breve and were different to B. bifidum patterns. The 30 isolated strains were bile and low pH tolerant. Therefore, this study identified three Bifidobacterium isolated strains as good candidates for further investigation to elucidate their potential as probiotic.
Key words: Bifidobacterium, ARDRA, PCR, newborn babies, restriction digestion.
E. C. Ilha, J. Z. Mazo, E. S. Sant’Anna and A. C. M. Arisi*, C. Tagliari, A. Z. Dinon
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
An alternative method for the establishment of virulence of Newcastle disease virus isolates
Charlotte Enastacia Boucher*, Robert Richard Bragg and Jacobus Albertyn
Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, Republic of South Africa.
Accepted 09 February, 2018
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes major losses in the poultry industry and is regarded as endemic in many parts of Africa. Differences in virulence of the virus occur and during any disease outbreak, determining virulence is essential for effectively controlling the disease. The virulence of the virus is dependent on cleavage of the fusion site and is characterised by different sequences in the genome. Thus a reliable and rapid method to determine virulence is to sequence the fusion site. The alternative method is to do a conventional mean death time (MDT) study, which is time consuming. Furthermore, the molecular techniques required for the sequencing of the fusion glycoprotein are not within reach of many regional laboratories in developing countries, where NDV is a serious problem. Thus a simple method is described in which the virulence of a NDV field virus can be determined, using conventional MDT methods, more rapidly. In this study viral samples were treated with 0.25% trypsin free of EDTA, and the MDT was compared to untreated control samples. Results indicate that if the viral isolate is lentogenic in nature, and treated with 0.25% trypsin it caused mortalities in eggs within 70 h post inoculation, whereas control samples resulted in mortalities from 96 h. By using this technique, the time to identify lentogenic isolates is substantially reduced.
Key words: Newcastle disease virus, rapid diagnosis, mean death time, fusion site, trypsin, pathogenicity, virulence.
Robert Richard Bragg and Jacobus Albertyn, Charlotte Enastacia Boucher*
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In vitro interaction of combined plants: Tinospora crispa and Swietenia mahagoni against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
N. T. Al- alusi1*, F. A. Kadir2, S. Ismail1 and M. A. Abdullah1
1Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kebangsaan, Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Accepted 17 January, 2018
Abstract
This study has carried out to evaluate the antibacterial effect and the interaction between Tinospora crispa and Swietenia mahagoni extracts against resistant strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined in the setting of clinical MRSA isolates. Separated and mixture forms of T. crispa and S. mahagoni extracts were assayed to determine their antibacterial activity against eight clinical MRSA isolates. The extracts of T. crispa and S. mahagoni in separated forms were effective against MRSA strains. However, no interaction was found in the two plants combination. In conclusion, T. crispa and S. mahagoni are potential as anti MRSA agents, but the mixture of T. crispa and S. mahagoni has no synergism against MRSA strains.
Key words: Anti methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), ethanolic extract, Swietenia mahagoni, Tinospora crispa, synergism.
F. A. Kadir, N. T. Al- alusi*, S. Ismail and M. A. Abdullah
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (4), pp. 001-013, April, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The use of the purple non sulfur bacterium isolate P1 and fermented pineapple extract to treat latex rubber sheet wastewater for possible use as irrigation water
Duangporn Kantachote1,3*, Nastee Kornochalert1 and Sumate Chaiprapat2,3
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
2Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
3National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management-Satellite Center at Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
Accepted 17 January, 2018
Abstract
A central composite design using two variables (concentrations of isolate P1 and Fermented Pineapple Extract (FPE) each at three levels was used to study their effects on the treatment efficiency of latex rubber sheet wastewater under microaerobic-light conditions. The optimum combination over a 72 h period consisted of 3% P1 and 0.13% FPE and resulted in the removal of 80% Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), 82% Suspended Solids (SS) and 85% Un-ionized Hydrogen Sulfide: H2S in wastewater (UHS). The selected experimental condition was then verified by varying the retention times. A 96 h retention time gave the highest treatment efficiency with a 92% reduction of COD, 87% SS and 83% UHS and the effluent met both standards for industrial effluent discharge and crop irrigation. This effluent in its undiluted and diluted between 1: 25-1: 200 showed no phytotoxicity and also stimulated rice seed germination based on a germination index when compared with distilled water. Addition of 3% P1 into the raw wastewater either alone or in combination with 0.13% FPE yielded an effluent that passed the standard guidelines within 72 h, while with FPE alone a 96 h retention time was required. Based on morphological, physiological and biochemical properties, the isolate P1 was identified as Rhodopseudomonas palustris.
Key words: Fermented plant extracts, hydrogen sulfide, latex rubber wastewater, purple nonsulfur bacteria, response surface method, wastewater treatment.
Nastee Kornochalert and Sumate Chaiprapat, Duangporn Kantachote*
Page: 1 - 13
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Optimization of culture conditions for thermostable chitinase production by Paenibacillus sp. D1
Anil Kumar Singh
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, India. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +91 265 2794396. Fax: +91 265 2792508.
Accepted 16 January, 2018
Abstract
A hyper-chitinase producing isolate Paenibacillus sp. D1 was obtained from common effluent treatment plant of seafood industries at Veraval (Gujarat, India). The isolate exhibited chitinase production over a wide temperature (25 - 45°C) and pH (6 - 9) range with maxima at 30°C in medium with initial pH 7.0. The crude chitinase had activity in broad pH (4 - 10) and temperature (30 - 60°C) range with optima at pH 5.0 and 50°C, respectively. The enzyme was highly thermostable with t1/2 of 36 to 60 h at 40 and 45°C. Crab shell chitin, urea and K2HPO4 were identified as best carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous sources influencing chitinase production by Paenibacillus sp. D1. Addition of tween 80 and FeCl3 enhanced the chitinase production by 1.44 and 1.33 fold, respectively. Identification of essential nutrients affecting chitinase production by Paenibacillus sp. D1 would help to formulate a suitable medium for its production. Moreover, low cost chitin from crab shells can be used as carbon source for thermostable chitinase production by the isolate for industrial and agricultural applications.
Key words: Paenibacillus, optimization, thermostable, chitinase.
Anil Kumar Singh
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Reduction of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli colonization by the oral administration of Lactobacillus casei as a probiotic in a murine model
Reza Mirnejad1*, Jafari Hossein2, Abdolla Ardebilli3 and Hamid babavalian4
1Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2Sahebazaman Hospital, Bandar-e- Abbas, Iran.
3Department Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4Applied Biotechnology and Environment Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 22 January, 2018
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the reduction of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) colonization by oral administration of Lactobacillus casei as probiotic in a murine model. In this study, thirty-six BALB/c mice were divided to two test groups and one control group. One of the test groups was fed probiotic bacteria at six days and other groups at three days; whereas, the control group did not receive any probiotic. 72 h after the last oral administration of probiotic, the all three groups were fed by the ETEC. Than, the numbers of E. coli excreted from animal intestinal were determined at various times by colony counting on specific culture media and assessed their rate of colonization. The results of this study showed that L. casei is enable to be colonize in the murine gastrointestinal tract and both test groups of murine show significant decrease of ETEC excretion compared to control group (P = 0.001) . Also, comparison of test groups indicated that longer time reception of probiotic bacteria resulted in more reduction of colonization of pathogenic bacteria. These findings suggest that L. casei can be used as a candidate probiotic to reduce the rate of colonization and establishment of ETEC in the digestive tract and to prevent diarrhea caused by this organism.
Key words: Lactobacillus casei sp. strain GG, Escherichia coli, probiotic, enterotoxigenic traveler's diarrhea, bacteriotherapy.
Abdolla Ardebilli and Hamid babavalian, Jafari Hossein, Reza Mirnejad*
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