ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Protective effects of sucralfate on anti-H. pylori VacA IgY in vivo and in vitro
Zhou Xun1, Guo Li-yuan1, Yang Zhibang1* and Chen Xiaoping2
1Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400016, China.
2Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Accepted 26 May, 2016
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of sucralfate on immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) and to provide a theory basis for preparing IgY oral preparations which can tolerate acid and pepsin. Engineering bacteria DH5 -vacA-pQE30 were largely induced to express recombinant vacuolate cytotoxin antigen (VacA). VacA antigen was inoculated in Lohman hen and IgY was purified. Different concentrations of sucralfate were added into IgY solution including different concentrations of pepsin at different pH values. IgY solution containing different concentrations of sucralfate underwent seven times of repeated freeze thawing, and then placed at room temperature for 1 d, 4 w. The IgY residual antibody activity (AR/AC) of each experiment group was detected by ELISA. Helicobacter pylori infected mice were intragastrically administrated with 30% sucralfate and different concentrations of IgY solution and then chronic inflammatory reaction of gastric mucosa was observed to evaluate the protective effects of sucralfate on IgY. At pH = 1.5, 60% sucralfate could maintain 48.9% IgY residual antibody activity. At pH = 2.0, 30% sucralfate could enhance the IgY residual antibody activity to 86.5%, at 50% sucralfate could fully maintain the IgY antibody activity. At pH = 3.0, 30% sucralfate could maintain 87.6% IgY antibody activity, while over 40% sucralfate could almost fully maintain the IgY antibody activity. Under pH 1.5, 3.0 and 0.02 mg/ml pepsin conditions, the residual antibody activities of IgY solution containing 10, 30 and 50% sucralfate were 63.2, 72.4 and 82.2%, respectively. Over 30% sucralfate could enhance the anti-freeze thawing ability of IgY. After one month at room temperature, over 80% antibody activity could still be maintained. Intragastric administration with 0.5 mg IgY plus 30% sucralfate/day could effectively prevent and cure gastric mucosal injure caused by H. pylori infection, the effect of which increased eight folds as compared with the group without sucralfate. Over 30% sucralfate can enhance the tolerance of VacA IgY to low pH value and pepsin and enhance the anti-freeze thawing ability, therefore, it is an ideal IgY protective agent.
Key words: Helicobacter pylori, vacuolate cytotoxin antigen, immunoglobulin yolk, Sucralfate, antibody activity.
Zhou Xun, Yang Zhibang* and Chen Xiaoping, Guo Li-yuan
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJMR/1129Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Biofilm formation potential of oral streptococci in related to some carbohydrate substrates
Arezoo Tahmourespour1*, Rooha Kasra Kermanshahi2, Rasoul Salehi3 and Nafiseh Ghasemi Pero4
1Basic medical Science Department, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan branch, Esfahan, Iran.
2Microbiology Department, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
3Genetic Department, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences and Healthcare, Iran.
4Laboratory instructor, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan branch, Esfahan, Iran.
Accepted 6 May, 2016
Abstract
In this study, the effect of sugars type (glucose, sucrose, fructose and the mixture of glucose and fructose) and best substrate concentration are investigated on biofilm accumulation. Then, the role of this substrate examined on gtfB expression level by real time RT PCR. A total of 40 Streptococci strains isolated from dental caries and plaque of patients. The ability of them to form biofilm measured in the presence of some sugars on micro titer plates. The mean of resulted optical density of formed biofilm in the presence of sucrose was higher than other carbohydrates significantly (p < 0.05). In the next step biofilm formation of best Streptococcus mutans isolates monitored at time intervals and revealed that the number of attached bacteria increased with the increase of sucrose concentration. The results corresponded to a non linear increase of attached bacteria. The line of best fit for the calibration of the attached bacteria versus sucrose concentration required a 3rd -order polynomial (R2=1). The comparison between the mRNA level of gtfB in planktonic, biofilm and unattached cells of S. mutans by real time RT PCR showed that, the level of gtfB gene expression in the biofilm condition was significantly higher than the planktonic condition.
Key words: Biofilm formation, carbohydrate, gene expression, oral streptococci.
Rooha Kasra Kermanshahi, Arezoo Tahmourespour*, Rasoul Salehi and Nafiseh Ghasemi Pero
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Nasal colonization of symptomatic pneumonia patients in University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria by multiple antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus
E. E. Akortha* and M. J. Ikenebomeh
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Accepted 19 March, 2016
Abstract
A study of the antibiotic resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from the nasal cavities of patients with pneumonia attending the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria was conducted. The survey revealed S. aureus to be the most predominant cause of Staphylococcal pneumonia with an occurrence rate of 38.5%. Other microorganisms encountered included Staphylococcus epididermis, Streptococcus viridans and Brahamella catarrhalis. Patients in age group 1 - 5 years had the highest incidence rate of 60 and 53.8% in males and females, respectively, while patients within ages 11 - 30 years had the least incidence. There was no significant difference between the rate of occurrence of staphylococcal preumonia in males and females at p > 0.05. High resistance levels was recorded towards tetracycline (100%), chloramphenicol (95%), erythromycin (85%) and ampicillin (80%) while moderate resistance levels was recorded towards saprfloxacin (60%), ciprofloxacin (45%), gentamycin (40%) and ofloxacin (20%). The observation in the study, calls for need for effective surveillance of antibiotic resistance.
Key words: Antibiotic resistance, Staphylococcus aureus, nasal cavities.
M. J. Ikenebomeh, E. E. Akortha*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Growth control of listeria monocytogenes in experimental cheese samples by lactobacillus casei RN 78 and its bacteriocin
Naheed Mojgani¹, Mansoureh Ameli2, Narges Vaseji 2, Mohammad A. Hejazi3, Mohammad A K Torshizi4 and Cyrus Amirinia2*
1Biotechnology Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Iran.
2Biotechnology Department Animal Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
3Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, North West and West Region. IR Iran.
4Poultry Science Department Faculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehran- Iran.
Accepted 6 May, 2016
Abstract
Anti-listerial effect of freeze dried fractions of partially purified bacteriocin (Fd-PPL) and the producer strain Lactobacillus casei RN 78 strain was evaluated in experimental cheese samples during storage at two different temperatures (4 and 35˚C). With the addition of 6400 AU/g of Fd- PPL fractions to the cheese samples of the initial concentration of 4.81 +/- 0.06 log CFU/ml of Listeria monocytogenes was reduced up to 0.91 +/- 0.01 log CFU/ml. Whilst, in the presence of 107 CFU/ml live bacterial cells of L. casei RN 78 of the viability of the sensitive cells decreased sharply (0.71 log CFU/ml). The effect was more pronounced after 24 h of incubation and high levels of antibacterial activity (12800 AU/ml) was seen in these samples. An enhanced reduction in the pH was recorded (4.8 - 5.0) in the cheese samples inoculated with live producer cells compared to control samples without any enrichment. A synergistic bactericidal effect of Lactocin RN 78 in combination with 3% Sodium chloride in cheese samples was observed, and L. monocytogenes population were reduced to 0.69 log CFU/ml within 90 days of incubation, at 35˚C. In contrast to the producer strain, the antibacterial effect of Lactocin was more pronounced in cheese samples stored at 4˚C. The texture of the experimental cheese samples including odour, colour and consistency in different batches were also recorded through out the study.
Key words: Lactobacillus casei, anti-listerial, bacteriocin, cheese, biological preservative.
Narges Vaseji, Mohammad A. Hejazi, Mansoureh Ameli, Mohammad A K Torshizi and Cyrus Amirinia*, Naheed Mojgani
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/AJMR/1130Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Cloning and phylogenetic analysis of gD gene of human herpes simplex virus type 2 in Iranian isolates
Hassan Momtaz1, Payam Ghasemi Dehkordi 2*, Abbas Ali Rezaeian2, Ramin Yaghobi3, Mohammad Kargar2 and Manochehr Momeni4
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch,
Shahrekord, Iran.
2Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch, Jahrom, Iran.
3Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Namazee Hospital, University of Medical Science, Shiraz-Iran.
4Biotechnology Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord-Iran.
Accepted 19 March, 2016
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a member of herpesviridae family and subfamily of alphaherpesvirinae. HSV-2 infection often causes genital herpes in women and men, abortion, infant herpes and non-infectious meningitides. Glycoprotein D and B, respectively, are coded by gD and gB gene. They are the adhesion of HSV-2 attached to the surface of the epithelial cells and are used for making vaccine. To determine the phylogenetic analysis of HSV-2 gD gene and cloning of it in E. coli, infected samples from Esfahan and Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari provinces in Iran, which were multiplied by PCR and then the segments having 1013bp lengths related to 3 infected samples for gD gene were selected in cloning pCR 4-TOPO plasmid and sequencing. After determining the nucleotide sequences of HSV-2 gD gene, they were compared with samples reported in Iran and other countries. The results showed 2.8 - 10% genetic differentiation which enjoyed more affinity with nucleotide sequenced in USA (K02373) with 97.2% and the biggest difference is in Sweden sample (EU018093) with 90%. The current research showed high homology in the sequence of gD gene of HSV-2. Then, with presence of these affinities in the research samples and other species of Iran and other countries, a good vaccine can be made with high efficiency against all HSV-2 species in the world.
Key words: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), PCR, gD gene, phylogenenetic analysis, Iran, Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province, Esfahan province.
Payam Ghasemi Dehkordi*, Hassan Momtaz, Mohammad Kargar and Manochehr Momeni, Ramin Yaghobi, Abbas Ali Rezaeian
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence of bacterial infection responsible for bovine mastitis
DaRong Cheng1*, ShanYuan Zhu2, ZhaoHua Yin1, WenWei Ding3, ZhiXia Mu1, ZhiRui Su1 and HuaiChang Sun1
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
2Jiangsu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Taizhou, 225300, China.
3Xuzhou Bio - Engineering Higher Vocational School; Xuzhou 221006, China.
Accepted 7 January, 2016
Abstract
Mastitis continues to be the most economically important disease of dairy cattle, and current data on mastitis is even less readily available. To investigate into the prevalence of the pathogens responsible for bovine mastitis, 100 raw milk samples were obtained from the dairy cows with clinical or sub-clinical bovine mastitis in 5 farms in Jiangsu Province, China. All the samples were submitted to bacterial isolation and identification by morphologic examination and biotyping. The data revealed that Escherichia coli was the commonest organism in mastitis cases, being implicated in 82% cases, and Streptococcus uberis (53%) continues to be a prevalent pathogen closely followed by Staphylococcus aureus (41%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (29%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (27%). In addition, Str. uberis and S. aureus were more frequently associated with clinical mastitis than sub-clinical case, while the infection rates of other bacteria were similar. Further more, Staphylococcus epidermids (15%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (10%), previously considered as naught pathogenic bacteria, were also detected in the diseased mammary gland of the problem cows.
Key words: Mastitis, bovine, bacteria, infection, prevalence.
ZhaoHua Yin, ZhiRui Su and HuaiChang Sun, ZhiXia Mu, WenWei Ding, ShanYuan Zhu, DaRong Cheng*
Page: 1 - 10