ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Resistance to-lactams of human and veterinary Salmonella isolates in Egypt and Algeria
Abdelhakim Aouf1,2, Yamina Messai1, Mohammed S. Salama3, Hala M. Aboushady2, Mervat G. El-Anany4, Souhila Alouache1 and Rabah Bakour1*
1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria.
2Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
3Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
4Microbiology Laboratory, Kasr Alainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.
Accepted 08 January, 2019
Abstract
Seventy six non-typhoid Salmonella were isolated from both human and poultry in Egypt and Algeria and tested for their antibiotics resistance. The incidence of multiple antibiotics resistance was high. To study -lactams resistance mechanisms, double disk synergy test (DDST) with and without cloxacilline was used, results revealed the production of extended spectrum - lactamases (ESBLs) and cephalosporinase in seven and one human Egyptian isolates, respectively. The seven ESBL isolates were identified as Salmonella enterica serotype Poona and their molecular typing by ERIC-PCR revealed unrelated genetic patterns, indicating that these isolates are not clonal. The Cephalosporinase-ESBL- producing isolate was identified as S. enterica serotype Hadar. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers showed the presence of blaTEM and blaSHV genes, respectively, in all and four ESBL producers, and blaAmpC gene was detected in cephalosporinase-producing isolate. Genetic transfer by conjugation and plasmid profiles analysis showed that these genes and their resistance markers were transferable in association with plasmids of 60 kb for ESBLs and 64 and 3.2 kb for AmpC cephalosporinase.
Key words: Non-typhoid Salmonella, extended spectrum -lactamases, cephalosporinase, Egypt, Algeria.
Souhila Alouache and Rabah Bakour*, Mohammed S. Salama, Abdelhakim Aouf, Hala M. Aboushady, Mervat G. El-Anany, Yamina Messai
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-010, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Virulence gene expression, proteins secreted and morphological alterations of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus in response to long-term starvation in seawater
Fethi Ben Abdallah1,2*, Ali Ellafi1, Rihab Lagha1, Héla Kallel2 and Amina Bakhrouf1
1Laboratoire d’Analyse, Traitement et Valorisation des Polluants de l’Environnement et des Produits, Faculté de Pharmacie Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisie.
2Unité de Fermentation et de Développement de Vaccins Virologiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur, 1002, Tunisie.
Accepted 09 January, 2019
Abstract
In this study, we incubated Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus (marine food-borne pathogens bacteria) in seawater for 8 months to study their morphologic, proteomic and genetic responses to starvation. The atomic force micrographs of stressed strains showed a reduction of the cells size and an evolution to two coccoid-shape forms whose length is less than 0.4 m and between 0.5 and 1 m. Extracellular protein patterns and gelatinase profiles of stressed bacteria were also altered. Indeed, these modifications were manifested by the appearance and/or disappearance of bands as well as in the level of expression of certain proteins. In addition, we also searched for the presence of eight Vibrio cholerae virulence genes: toxR, toxS, toxRS, ctxA, zot, ace, toxT, and Virulence Pathogenicity Island (VPI) in the genome of investigated strains. The expression level of VPI gene studied by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was decreased, whereas the mRNA quantities of toxR, toxS, and ace in starved Vibrio remained stable.
Key words: Vibrio, seawater, alterations, morphology, proteins secreted, virulence gene expression, RT-PCR.
Fethi Ben Abdallah*, Rihab Lagha, Héla Kallel and Amina Bakhrouf, Ali Ellafi
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-011, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Microfungi associated with surface soil and decaying leaf litter of Quercus serrata in a subtropical natural oak forest and managed plantation in Northeastern India
G. Sharma, R. R. Pandey* and M. S. Singh
Department of Life Sciences, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal-795 003, India.
Accepted 20 January, 2019
Abstract
Fungi play a major role in forest functioning by regulating the process of litter decomposition and nutrient release and are sensitive to management practices. Species richness and abundance of fungi in surface soil and decaying leaf litter of Quercus serrata were compared between a subtropical natural mixed oak forest and a managed oak plantation in the eastern Himalayan region. During 12 months of study a total of 106 fungal species were isolated from soil by dilution plate method and decomposing litter by leaf dilution, washed disk and moist chamber methods. Month of samplings and study sites influenced the species composition of soil and litter fungi. Total species richness of soil fungi was significantly (P < 0.05) lower during different seasons in managed plantation than in the natural forest. Dominant soil colonizers from both sites were: Cladosporium cladosporioides, Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium indonesiae, Penicillium turbatum, Trichoderma sp. and Trichoderma koningii. Different soil and litter fungi showed differential seasonal preferences at two study sites. Type of fungal species recovered from leaf litters was influenced by the isolation method. Total number of litter fungi isolated from both sites was broadly similar, whereas the species compositions were different. Litter fungi between the two sites showed the highest similarity index in winter, while the similarity of soil fungi was high during summer. The management practices at plantation site had no significant effect on species richness of litter fungi although soil fungal diversity was significantly reduced indicating the role of intensive management practices on soil fungal population.
Key words: Fungal diversity, species richness, soil, litter, natural oak forest, managed plantation, Northeastern India.
R. R. Pandey* and M. S. Singh, G. Sharma
Page: 1 - 11
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Extraction and characterization of melanin from Phomopsis: A phellophytic fungi Isolated from Azadirachta indica A. Juss
K. Rajagopal, G. Kathiravan* and S. Karthikeyan
Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, VELS University Pallavaram Chennai- 600 117, India.
Accepted 11 January, 2019
Abstract
A phellophytic fungus Phomopsis (Endophytic fungi residing in the Bark) of Azadirachta indica screened for the presence of melanin on their hyphae using an alkali procedure, yielded a dark brown pigment. The purified pigment was subjected to various chemical and physical tests that are diagnostic for melanin. The pigment responds positively for all the diagnostic tests for melanin. Further study on the nature of melanin was done with a bark fungus. The fungus synthesis and deposits DOPA type of melanin on their hyphae.
Key words: Coelomycetes, dark pigment, DOPA melanin, kojic acid, endophyte.
G. Kathiravan* and S. Karthikeyan, K. Rajagopal
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Serologic evaluation of hepatitis B and D in patients with cirrhosis
Monireh Rahimkhani1*, Hossein Khavari-Daneshvar2 and Sara Jamali2
1School of Allied of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2Cancer Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hospital. Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 06 January, 2019
Abstract
Hepatitis D is the important complication in cirrhotic patients. Diagnosis of hepatitis D is based on detection of HBSAg and HDV Ab titer determination. The present research was performed on a number of cirrhotic patients with the aim to assess the prevalence of hepatitis D and B. In present study all the cirrhotic patients who were referred to Gastroenterology and Endoscopy ward of Imam Khomeini hospital during a period of 18 months were included. The level of anti HDV Ab, anti HBS Ab and HBS Ag were determined by method of ELISA (Pishtaz Teb). In this study 60 cirrhotic patients were evaluated. 16 patients were HBS Ag positive with mean age of 51.9 years, and from this group, 13 patients were anti HBC positive with mean age of 53.23 years and from this group, 8 patients were HDV Ab positive with mean age of 49 years. Hepatitis D remains as one of the problems in developing countries. By timely screening of cirrhotic patients for HDV, patients could undergo additional treatments.
Key words: Liver cirrhosis, hepatitis D, hepatitis B, HBS Ag, HBC Ab, HDV Ab.
Hossein Khavari-Daneshvar and Sara Jamali, Monireh Rahimkhani*
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Identification of scuticociliate Philasterides dicentrarchi from indo-pacific seahorses Hippocampus kuda
Sang Phil Shin1, Jee Eun Han1, Dennis K. Gomez2, Ji Hyung Kim1, Casiano H. Choresca Jr.1, Jin Woo Jun1 and Se Chang Park1*
1Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151 to 742, Republic of Korea.
2Institute of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo 5023, Republic of the Philippines.
Accepted 02 January, 2019
Abstract
The “indo-pacific seahorses”, Hippocampus kuda which had been reared in one of the private commercial aquaria for exhibition were sent to the laboratory for diagnosis. Feces and intestinal contents from 5 seahorses were examined microscopically and revealed numerous scuticociliates. We identified the species of scuticociliate by light (wet mount) and scanning electron microscopy, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and sequencing. This paper reports the first identification of scuticociliate Philasterides dicentrarchi from seahorse in Korea.
Key words: Indo-pacific seahorse, Philasterides dicentrarchi, scanning electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction, sequencing.
Casiano H. Choresca, Dennis K. Gomez, Ji Hyung Kim, Jin Woo Jun and Se Chang Park*, Sang Phil Shin, Jee Eun Han
Page: 1 - 4