ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-009, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Isolation and characterization of a psychrophilic bacterium producing cold active lactose hydrolyzing enzyme from soil of Mt. Himalaya in Nepal
E. S. Nam1, Y. H. Kim2, K. H. Shon2, and J. K. Ahn2*
1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea.
2Department of Agricultural Sciences, Korea National Open University, Seoul 110-791, Republic of Korea.
Accepted 18 February, 2019
Abstract
Psychrophilic bacteria, which grew on lactose as a carbon source, were isolated from soil of Island Peak area at Mt. Himalaya in Nepal, and identified. 148 bacterial isolates were isolated via X-gal hydrolysis on plate. Among these, three isolates, referred to as KNOUC 401, 402 and 403, displayed good cold-adapted growth and activity for hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl- -D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) and lactose in cell free extracts. Strain KNOUC403 showing negative activity in -hemolysis was selected and identified. The strain was gram-positive bacilli, non-motile, catalase-positive and aerobic. Optimum growth was done at 20°C and pH 6.5~6.8. Anteiso-C15:0 (68.14%) was predominant in the fatty acid composition of cell. The physiological and biochemical properties, cellular fatty acid composition and sequence of 16S rDNA, suggest that strain KNOUC403 indicate a taxonomic affiliation to Arthrobacter psychrolactophilus. The optimal conditions for ONPG hydrolysis of cell free extracts from the strain were 15°C and pH 6.0, and the enzyme was stable at 4°C for 42 h. Zymogram assay of cell free extract from the strain in nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel showed a distinct band of X-gal hydrolysis.
Key words: Psychrophilic bacteria, Arthrobacter psychrolactophilus, cold-active lactose hydrolyzing enzyme, Mt. Himalaya.
Y. H. Kim, K. H. Shon and J. K. Ahn*, E. S. Nam
Page: 1 - 9
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Characterization of thermostable 2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase with broad temperature adaptability from Thermococcus onnurineus NA1
Xiao-pu Yin1, Qiu-yan Wang1, Shu-juan Zhao1, Peng-fei Du1, Kai-lin Xie1, Lihua Yang2, Peng Jin1, Jin-hua Liu2 and Tian Xie1*
1Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China.
2College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China.
Accepted 15 January, 2019
Abstract
The 2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase gene from Thermococcus onnurineus NA1 was sub cloned, over expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to apparent homogeneity. Analysis of the sequence of gene revealed an n of 681 base pairs encoding 227 amino acids predicted to yield a protein having molecular mass 25.3 kDa. The enzyme activity was optimal at 60°C and showed broad temperature adaptability, retaining more than 30% of its maximum activity when assayed at 10 to 75°C. The recombinant protein was heat stable; no activity loss was observed even after incubation at 80°C for 10 min. In addition, the thermophilic enzyme showed a remarkable resistance to acetaldehyde; it retained more than 45% activity after exposure for 20 h to 250 mM acetaldehyde at 25°C.
Key words: 2-Deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase, thermostable enzyme, broad temperature adaptability.
Peng-fei Du, Jin-hua Liu and Tian Xie*, Lihua Yang, Shu-juan Zhao, Qiu-yan Wang, Kai-lin Xie, Peng Jin, Xiao-pu Yin
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Aspects of bacterial colonization in newborn babies
Fariba Heshmati*, Seyeed Amir Yazdanparast , Seyeed Akbar Moosavi , Hussein Dargahi, and Farnaz Tabibzadeh
Department of Microbiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Hemmat Campus), Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 23 January, 2019
Abstract
The study of colonization of microbial flora in neonate is very important and finding the causative agent may lead to explore these infections in neonate. In this research the colonization in neonate was measured at the beginning and a few hours after birth. Sampling was performed in operating room, rooming in and nursery section. Some of the neonates deliver by rapture of membrane in normal way and the other deliver by caesarean section. All the samples which are collected were from these sites: 1 Forehead 2) Oral cavity 3) External ear 4) Auxiliary region 5) Umbilical region 6) Perennial region. Also we had some sampling from health care personnel who are worked in operating room or nursery section. At the time of sampling we used sterile gloves, mask and always sterile sets. Sampling was done by use of sterile swabs which were weltering by sterile phosphate buffer or sterile normal saline.Then this sterile swab scrubbed on the special surface of the body of neonate and directly transferred to BA plate, Mac agar plate, EMB agar plate and Sc agar plate and then streaked on these plates. The regions which were sampled ,numbered by 1 to 6 then in other hours once more the sampling were took place from the same site, therefore we began from number 7 to 12 and according to this method for example sampling from neonate A was showed by A1 to A12. The prevalent microorganisms in oral cavity were as follow: 63.5% GPC, 18.5% GPB and 11% GNC. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the major microorganism found in neonate forehead. No bacteria growth was found in 50% of samples through caesarean section. Staphylococcus and Diphtheroied constitute the highest colonization of neonate skin's microorganisms and their growth rates were low at the onset of the birth, but increased after 12 hours. Colonization of gram-negative bacteria in infant hours after birth considered to be an important issue that was studied in this research. Hence hand washing of health-care personnel’s can reduce such bacteria in infant. There was a significant decrease in (GNB) number due to hand washing, hence application of disinfectant solution in hand washing play an important role in controlling microorganisms in care unites.
Key words: Colonization, GPC (Gram- positive cocci), GPB (Gram-positive bacilli), GNC (Gram- negative cocci), GNB (Gram- negative bacilli), Microorganism.
Hussein Dargahi, Fariba Heshmati*, Seyeed Akbar Moosavi, Seyeed Amir Yazdanparast, and Farnaz Tabibzadeh
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-010, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Characterization of biofilm formation by Salmonella enterica Serovar Pullorum strains
Yan Lu1, Hongyan Dong1, Sujuan Chen1, Yiping Chen2, Daxin Peng1* and Xiufan Liu1
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China.
2China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, P. R. China.
Accepted 19 January, 2019
Abstract
Salmonella enterica Serovar Pullorum causes acute or persistent infection in chickens, resulting in significant economic losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biofilm-forming ability of S. enterica Serovar Pullorum strains and association with the pathogenicity. A total of 62 S. enterica Serovar Pullorum isolates were measured for biofilm formation by crystal violet staining. Thirty-nine out of 62 strains were found to produce biofilm which were further confirmed by observation under light microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy. Analysis of the major components for biofilm formation showed that bacterial colonies were smooth phenotype and the architecture of biofilm was composed of exopolysaccharides and curli other than cellulose. In addition, animal experiments were performed to determine the 50% lethal doses (LD50) of four S. enterica Serovar Pullorum isolates with or without biofilm-producing ability. Although the virulence of S. enterica Serovar Pullorum strains was independent of the ability of biofilm formation, prior growth as a biofilm for a biofilm producer of S. enterica Serovar Pullorum lead to enhanced virulence in chickens. The results suggested that biofilm may be one of the important virulence factors for S. enterica Serovar Pullorum infection.
Key words: Salmonella enterica Serovar Pullorum, biofilm, curli, virulence.
Daxin Peng* and Xiufan Liu, Yiping Chen, Hongyan Dong, Yan Lu, Sujuan Chen
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A new recommended disinfectant for dental instruments
Jamileh bigom Taheri1, Mahin Bakhshi1, Sedigheh Bakhtiari1*, Bahare Nazemi2, Fateme Fallah3, Sahand Rezaie5, Hamed Mortazavi1 and Somayyeh Azimi4
1Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
5General Practitioner, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 11 January, 2019
Abstract
Enduro hand sanitizer is a new disinfecting agent that has recently been introduced as an effective antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral agent. Considering the importance of infection control in dentistry, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of the foam and its ability to disinfect dental surfaces and instruments. An experimental study was designed to evaluate the microbial load of 50 samples which were obtained randomly from dental surfaces and instruments before and after application of the disinfecting foam. All samples were cultured in blood agar and nutrient agar culture media and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Colony count was subsequently performed after an additional 24 h. Furthermore, to evaluate the efficacy of the foam on different bacterial species, a blank disc was coated with foam and approximated with the bacteria. The clear zone around each disc was measured and reported (mm) after 48 h. The significance of differences between the data retrieved before and after applying the foam was determined using the non parametric Chi-square test. None of the species were colonized after the application of the foam. It was also shown to significantly reduce the colonization of resistant bacterial strains and the standard microbial species (P<0.05). Enduro hand sanitizer is an effective disinfectant capable of decontaminating dental instruments to the optimum level.
Key words: Antibacterial, disinfecting agent, dental instrument.
Mahin Bakhshi, Sedigheh Bakhtiari*, Fateme Fallah, Sahand Rezaie, Bahare Nazemi, Hamed Mortazavi and Somayyeh Azimi, Jamileh bigom Taheri
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular study for detection of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) in Iranian cats
Farzad Shahrani1,2, Abbas Doosti1,2* and Asghar Arshi2
1Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Young Researchers Club, Shahrekord, Iran.
2Biotechnology Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran.
Accepted 21 January, 2019
Abstract
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that infects cats. This infectious disease is a form of cancer of blood cells called lymphocytes. FeLV occurs in nature not as a single genomic species but as a family of closely related viruses. The aim of present study was to detect FeLV in Iranian domestic cats Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Fifty six blood samples were tested for FeLV using molecular techniques and out of 56 samples overall frequency of FeLV infection was 2.2%. The results showed that FeLV is a specific infection and the other common feline infectious pathogens and FeLV seem to be endemic in Iranian cats Vaccination and testing programs have proven to be effective in decreasing FeLV infection in Iran and may potentially totally eliminate it at least in other countries.
Key words: Feline leukemia virus, PCR, Iranian domestic cats.
Abbas Doosti* and Asghar Arshi, Farzad Shahrani
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