ISSN 2736-1756
Short Communication
Antibiotic resistance of some lactobacilli isolated from the gut microflora of broiler
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-003, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Antibiotic resistance of some lactobacilli isolated from the gut microflora of broiler
Behira Belkacem* and Kihal Mebrouk
Faculté des sciences, Laboratoire de microbiologie appliqué, Université d’Oran, Algérie.
Accepted 02 February, 2019
Abstract
To evaluate the impact of the antibiotic use in poultry and the development of the resistance in the gut microflora of broiler. Microbiological methods were used to investigate the susceptibility of ten lactobacilli stains isolated from digestive tract of broiler. The isolates were tested against the ten most used antibiotics in veterinary and human medicine in Algeria. The isolates exhibited high resistance to all antibiotics tested in the range 70 to 100%. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC’s) also were evaluated for each isolates. Lactobacilli of broiler’s microflora are a reservoir of resistance genes able to dispread the antibioresistance phenomenon through the food chain and the environment. Further studies need to be performed to understand the mechanisms and the causes responsible for this phenomenon. This study shows the need to find alternatives and emergency measures to avoid repercussions on public health.
Key words: Lactobacilli, antibiotics, resistance, broiler, microflora.
Kihal Mebrouk, Behira Belkacem*
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prokaryotic expression and purification of grass carp reovirus capsid protein VP7 and its vaccine potential
Yongxing He1, Qian Yang1, Hongxu Xu2, Hao Wu1, Fangyuan Wu1 and Liqun Lu1*
1Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources and Utilization /Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306 Shanghai, China.
2Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Accepted 10 January, 2019
Abstract
The 11 dsRNA fragmental genome of grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is enclosed in five inner core proteins and two outer capsid proteins. The Glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein expression vector pGEX-4T-3 was employed to clone and expression of GCRV outer capsid gene vp7, which was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT - PCR) from infected Grass carp. The recombinant GST-fusion protein rVP7 was induced by 1 mM IPTG in Dh5 and confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot assays using both anti-GST-tag and anti-VP7 monoclonal antisera. An expected 52-kDa rVP7 was highly expressed, and was mainly exhibited in the formation of the inclusion body. After purification, rVP7 was intraperitoneally injected to the experimental mice to produce anti-rVP7 polyclonal serum. In vitro microneutralization assay indicated that polyclonal antibody against rVP7 could neutralize GCRV, and suggested that rVP7 had the potential to be used as subunit vaccine against GCRV infection. The present study paved the way for further characterization of the immunogenicity of viral outer capsid protein VP7 in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus and could be based to develop antibody or antigen detection assays for GCRV pathogen.
Key words: Grass carp reovirus, VP7 protein, prokaryotic expression, western blot, microneutralization.
Yongxing He, Fangyuan Wu and Liqun Lu*, Hao Wu, Hongxu Xu, Qian Yang
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Detection of Mycoplasma agalactiae by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods from Iranian goats
Babak Kheirkhah1, Seyed Ali Pourbakhsh1*, Mohammad-gholi Nadalian2, Mansour Banani3 and Abbas Ashtari3
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3Reference Mycoplasma Laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
Accepted 23 January, 2019
Abstract
Mycoplasma agalactiae is the etiological agent of contagious agalactia that is a serious disease affecting sheep and goats. It is characterized by mastitis and subsequent failure of milk production, arthritis and keratoconjunctivitis. The aim of the study was to detection of M. agalactiae by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods from infected Iranian goats. For detection, a total of 57 samples were taken from conjunctiva (n=11), joint exudates (n=35) and milk secretion (n=11). After enrichment in PPLO broth media, identification of the Mycoplasma species was carried out by cultured and PCR method. Of the 57 samples in 9 samples (16%) fried egg colony appeared on the agar media. The PCR with mycoplasmal 16S rRNA was applied for detection of a variety of Mycoplasma species. PCR identification of genus was successful in 31 isolates (54%) and showed specific amplicon at 163 bp. From this positive samples, 19 isolates were examined (61%) were positive for M. agalactiae that showed specific amplicon at 375 bp. Of the total samples, only in 3 samples both culture and genus PCR tests were positive and in 20 samples were negative. Whereas in 6 PCR negative samples Mycoplasma colony appeared on the agar media and this colonies did not observed in 28 PCR positive samples. This paper reported detection of M. agalactiae from goats for the first time in Iran. PCR can be used as trusty and supersede test in the detection of M. agalactiae from affected goats. Among different collecting sites, milk secretion samples are suitable for PCR detection of M. agalactiae.
Key words: Mycoplasma agalactiae, goat, polymerase chain reaction, culture, Iran.
Babak Kheirkhah, Mansour Banani and Abbas Ashtari, Mohammad-gholi Nadalian, Seyed Ali Pourbakhsh*
Research Article
Management of ufra disease of rice caused by Ditylenchus angustus with nematicides and resistance
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-008, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Management of ufra disease of rice caused by Ditylenchus angustus with nematicides and resistance
M. A. Latif1, 4*, M. W. Ullah2, M. Y. Rafii1 and M. I. Tajul3
1Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D. E., Malaysia.
2Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.
3Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D. E., Malaysia.
4Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.
Accepted 10 January, 2019
Abstract
The effects of nematicide application timing and type on the management of ufra disease of rice caused by Ditylenchus angustus were investigated in the rain-fed and irrigated rice ecosystems. A broad range of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes were also screened for resistance to D. angustus. Ufra infestation was significantly reduced when 1 kg ai/ha furadan 5G was applied up to 20 d before transplanting of infested seedlings in the field. Three granular nematicides, sunfuran 5G, edfuran 5G and forwafuran 5G, all applied at 1 kg ai/ha were evaluated against ufra in comparison with 1 kg ai/ha furadan 5G and a non-treated control. In both the ecosystems, all the 3 nematicides significantly reduced the number of damaged-tillers and total ufra infestation compared to the non-treated control. Similarly, sunfuran 5G, edfuran 5G, and forwafuran 5G treated plots had 45.3 to 52.7% healthy panicles with 3.89 to 4.02 t/ha yield in rain-fed rice and 47.6 to 53.0% healthy panicles with 3.85 to 3.97 t/ha yield in rain-fed and irrigated rice, respectively. These yields were similar to furadan-treated rice in 2 ecosystems. Yield losses due to ufra disease were 49.1 and 42.4% in the rain-fed and irrigated rice, respectively. Soil application of the nematicides, forwafuran, edfuran and sunfuran was cost-effective especially in fields of endemic areas. A total of 53 rice entries were tested, only 4 entries, fukuhonami, hyakikari, akiyu taka and matsuhonami showed highly resistance reactions to D. angustus.
Key words: Cost-effective, Ditylenchus angustus, management, nematicides, rice ufra disease, resistance reaction.
M. W. Ullah, M. A. Latif*, M. Y. Rafii and M. I. Tajul
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-010, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of the currently used polymerase chain reaction assays for molecular detection of Brucella species
Moussa I. M.1, Omnia M. E.2, Amin A. S.2, Ashgan, M. H.3 and Selim S. A.4
1Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
2Biotechnology Research Unit, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Egypt.
3College of Applied Studies and Community Service, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
4Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
Accepted 18 January, 2019
Abstract
The diagnosis of brucellosis is the corner stone in any control and eradication program. Therefore, the main objective of the present study was to apply more advanced techniques for rapid and accurate diagnosis of brucellosis that can overcome the draw backs of the traditional diagnostic techniques. Different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were applied in the present study, either singly or in a multiplex format, that enable to detect and differentiate most of Brucella species. The PCR assay detection limit was evaluated in a preliminary study. The obtained results recommend the PCR assay as a valuable, rapid, very specific, highly sensitive and safe laboratory diagnostic test that can be used not only for detection of Brucella antigen either in culture or in clinical samples but also in differentiating most of the virulent and vaccinal strains.
Key words: Brucella species, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, diagnosis, vaccinal strains, Brucella antigen.
Moussa I. M, Omnia M. E, Ashgan , Amin A. S, M. H and Selim S. A
Research Article
Molecular detection of Vibrio spp. in lobster
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular detection of Vibrio spp. in lobster hemolymph
Mehdi Raissy1*, Hassan Momtaz2, Manouchehr Moumeni3, Mahsa Ansari4 and Ebrahim Rahimi1
1Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatic health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University- Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran.
2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University- Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran.
3Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University- Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran.
4Fish Research Center, Central Laboratory, Islamic Azad University- Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran.
Accepted 11 January, 2019
Abstract
The occurrence of various Vibrio species in lobster hemolymph from the Persian Gulf was studied. A total number of 60 lobsters (Panulirus homarus) were caught from south coast of Iran and were studied to identify Vibrio spp. in hemolymph. Four Vibrio species including Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio mimicus were identified using biochemical and molecular methods. Six lobsters (10%) contained one or more Vibrio spp. as 4 samples contained V. alginolyticus, one contained V. vulnificus and one species contained both V. harveyi and V. mimicus and none of samples contained V. parahemolyticus and V. cholera.
Key word: Persian Gulf, vibriosis, Panulirus homarus.
Mehdi Raissy*, Hassan Momtaz, Manouchehr Moumeni, Mahsa Ansari and Ebrahim Rahimi