ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2008
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2008 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Algal extracts improve antioxidant defense abilities and salt tolerance of wheat plant irrigated with sea water
Hanaa H. Abd El-Baky1*, Hussein M. M. 2 and Game S. El-Baroty3
1Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
2Water Relations and Irrigation Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Accepted 17 July, 2008
Abstract
Effect of irrigation bread wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Giza 94) with sea water (10 and 20% v/v), spraying with microalgae extracts obtained from Chlorella ellipoida and Spirulina maxima (5 gL-1 dry weight in 0.1% Tween solution) cultivated under normal and stress conditions were studied. Some plant bioregulators (BRGs, ascorbic acid and benzyl adenine, at 200 ppm) at the vegetative growth stage on photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant components, activity of some antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation products, growth parameters, mineral content and economic yield were estimated. Irrigation of wheat plants with sea water led to an increase in Na+ ion, activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and total peroxidase, and TBARs components. In contrast, the contents of photosynthetic pigments and yield components were reduced. Furthermore, the overall growth of wheat plants was interrupted by irrigation with sea water (10 and 20%) and the effect was pronounced at higher level (20%). Application of BRGs had a slight effect on plant growth, antioxidant behavior and activity of antioxidant enzymes in plants irrigation with sea water compared with that in stressed wheat plants. Application of algal extracts significantly increased the contents of total chlorophyll and antioxidant phenomenon. In additional, application of algal extracts exhibited strong positive correlation with increase in fresh weight (FW), grain weight and yield components. It is concluded that productive purpose of wheat crop by mean of brackish water (at 20 v/v level) is possible under a level of economical value through its application of algal extracts.
Keywords: Microalgae, sea water, wheat, salinity stress, antioxidant systems
Hussein M. M. and Game S. El-Baroty, Hanaa H. Abd El-Baky*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2008
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2008 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antihepatotoxic potential of Sargassum polycystum (Phaeophyceae) on antioxidant defense status in D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats
B. Meena1*, R. Anbin Ezhilan1, R. Rajesh1, A. Sheik Hussain1, B. Ganesan1,2, R. Anandan2
1Vinayaka Missions University, Sankari Main Road, Ariyanoor, Salem-636308, India.
2Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin-682029, India.
Accepted 29 January, 2008
Abstract
We have examined the protective effect of ethanol extract of Sargassum polycystum on hepatic antioxidant status in D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats. Levels of diagnostic marker enzymes [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK)] in plasma, lipid peroxides, reduced glutathione and the activities of glutathione dependent antioxidant enzymes [glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione- S-transferase (GST)] and antiperoxidative enzymes [catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] in the liver tissue were determined. Prior oral administration of S. polycystum extract [125mg/kg bodyweight/day for 15 days] considerably (P<0.05) attenuated the D-galactosamine-induced increases in the levels of diagnostic marker enzymes in plasma of experimental rats. It also demonstrated an antioxidant activity against D- galactosamine-induced hepatitis by inhibiting the stimulation of lipid peroxidation and by preserving the hepatic enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system at near normal. The antihepatotoxic potential of S. polycystum might be related to its antioxidant property and membrane stabilizing action.
Key words: Sargassum polycystum, D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis, diagnostic marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes
B. Ganesan, R. Rajesh, A. Sheik Hussain, R. Anandan, R. Anbin Ezhilan, B. Meena*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2008
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2008 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Allethrin-induced biochemical changes and properties of human erythrocyte membrane
Narendra M., Kavitha G., Padmavathi P., Helah Kiranmai A. and Varadacharyulu N. C.*
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur - 515 003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Accepted 20 August, 2007
Abstract
Erythrocyte membranes from twelve human volunteers exposed regularly to allethrin, a mosquito repellent of type-I pyrethroid, were analyzed for cholesterol (C), phospholipids (P), and individual phospholipid classes to assess changes induced by this toxicant. A decrease in C and P moieties with no change in C: P ratio was observed with allethrin exposure. A significant reduction in the amount of phosphotidyl serine (PS) was noticed indicating that PS is an allethrin sensitive phospholipid species. Furthermore, decreased red cell membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO) and with no change in osmotic haemolysis of erythrocyte was observed. Increased plasma and red cell nitrate and nitrite were evident suggesting that the bioavailability of nitric oxide may have rendered tolerance to erythrocyte membrane by protecting the cell from haemolysis and oxidative damage due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant effects.
Keywords: Allethrin, nitric oxide, osmotic haemolysis, phosphatidyl serine, rbc biochemical changes.
Helah Kiranmai A. and Varadacharyulu N. C.*, Narendra M., Kavitha G., Padmavathi P.
Page: 1 - 10
Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2008
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2008 International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Effects of Landolphia owariensis leaf extract on the liver function profile and haemoglobin concentration of albino rats.
L. A. Nwogu*, C. U. Igwe and A. A. Emejulu
Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
Accepted 9 July, 2008
Abstract
The effects of aqueous extract of Landolphia owariensis leaves on the biochemical indices of liver function were investigated in Wister strain of albino rats. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the plant leaves showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins. Acute toxicity tests of the extract gave an LD50 of 3370 mg/kg. Liver function tests revealed that the serum activities of alanine aminotransferrase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as the concentrations of total protein and albumin were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by the oral administration of the extract. However, bilirubin and haemoglobin concentrations decreased significantly (p<0.05) on administration of the extract. The results suggest that L. owariensis leaf extract is not hepatotoxic in rats. The findings are of clinical importance given the various reported therapeutic potentials of the plant.
Key words: Landolphia owariensis, hepatotoxicity, LD50, haemoglobin.
C. U. Igwe and A. A. Emejulu, L. A. Nwogu*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2008
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2008 International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Comparative study on the determination of assay for laccase of Trametes sp.
Airong Li, Yue Zhu, Liang Xu, Wenqing Zhu and Xingjun Tian*
School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China.
Accepted 14 August, 2008
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the sensitivity among compounds in common use for detecting laccase activity. In this study, three assay procedures to measure laccase activity of Trametes sp. were performed in Kirk’s basal salts mediums of three dyes. In the assay methods, three substrates were employed, which were 2,2©-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), -dianisidine and guaiacol. The results indicate that laccase activity used ABTS as a substrate was significantly higher than the other two. Therefore, the ABTS method is recommended while detecting laccase activity.
Key words: ABTS, -dianisidine, guaiacol, laccase activity, Trametes sp.
Liang Xu, Airong Li, Wenqing Zhu and Xingjun Tian*, Yue Zhu
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2008
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2008 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Hepatoprotective effect of Cichorium intybus on CCl4-induced liver damage in rats
Sadeghi Heibatollah1*, Nikbakht Mohammad Reza2; Ghaitasi Izadpanah2 and Sabzali Sohailla3
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj –Iran and Herbal Medicine Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj –Iran.
2Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj –Iran and Herbal Medicine Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj –Iran.
3Imam Sajjad Hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
Accepted 11 April, 2008
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of hydroalcholic extract of Cichorium intybus (Cichorium intybus) using a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) - induced liver injury in rats. The leaf extract at oral dosage of 200, 400 and 500 mg/kg exhibited significant (P<0.05) protective effect against CCl4 induced hepatoxocity. Level of serum markers such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminitransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB) were significantly increased in CCl4 treated rats. Simultaneously, C. intybus extract significantly suppressed mainly the increase in plasma activities of AST, ALT, ALP and TB concentration, which are considered as markers of liver functional state. The results of this study confirmed the hepatoprotective activity effect of the hydroalcholic extract of C. intybus.
Key words: Cichorium intybus, hepatoprotective activity, carbon tetrachloride, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminitransferase, alkaline phosphatase.
Nikbakht Mohammad Reza, Sadeghi Heibatollah*, Ghaitasi Izadpanah and Sabzali Sohailla
Page: 1 - 10