ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Influence of microbial inoculants on soil response to properties with and without straw under different temperature regimes
Shaukat Abro1, Xiaohong Tian2*, Donghai You1, Yuling Ba2, Meng Li2, and Faqi Wu2
1College of Resources and Environment, Northwest University, China.
2College of Resources and Environment, Open Laboratory for Plant Nutrition and Agricultural Resources and in Northwest of Agriculture Ministry of China, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Accepted 12 March, 2019
Abstract
A laboratory study was conducted to investigate efficacy of locally produced microbial inoculants with different concentrations on microbial respiration from soils with and without addition of wheat straw incubated at 20 and 25°C temperatures for 73 days. The results indicated that the soil microbial community structure and activities were obviously influenced by microbial inoculants. In general, whereas all inoculants levels were successfully established to different extents on the straw, none significantly improved decomposition in either soils or straw amended treatments. Additions of microbial inoculants expedite the decomposition and CO2 evolution process. CO2-C emission was regularly determined and results revealed microbial inoculants had little (10%) while straw addition significantly increased decomposition rates and cumulative CO2-C by 39% in straw amended than controls. Straw addition into soil had significant relationships (p < 0.05) with cumulative amounts of C; soil organic C, microbial biomass nitrogen. There was highly significant relationship between CO2-C emission and incubation period (R2=0.94) . In conclusion, microbial inoculants and straw incorporation will enhance CO2-C evolution, soil carbon and microbial biomass, thus improving soil quality.
Key words: Microbial inoculants, soil CO2-C evolution, decomposition microbial biomass, organic carbon.
Shaukat Abro, and Faqi Wu, Donghai You, Xiaohong Tian*, Yuling Ba, Meng Li
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Differential diagnosis of Entamoeba spp. in gastrointestinal disorder patients in Khorramabad, Iran
Farnaz Kheirandish1*, Ebrahim Badparva1, Ali Haghighi2, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad3 and Bahram Kazemi2,4
1Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
2Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Foodborne and Diarrhea Disease, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., Tehran, Iran.
4Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 23 January, 2019
Abstract
Differential diagnosis of Entamoeba spp. has great clinical and epidemiological importance. Entamoeba moshkovskii cysts and trophozoites are morphologically indistinguishable from Entamoeba dispar and Entamoeba histolytica. This study was carried out for the first time to detect Entamoeba spp. in stool samples by using molecular method from April 2010 to December 2010 in Khorramabad, Iran. A total of 862 fecal specimens were collected from patients having abnormal gastrointestinal symptoms and who were referred to the health care centers of Khorramabad. Out of 862 stool samples, 16 (1.86 %) showed the presence of E. histolytica/E. dispar/E. moshkovskii cysts by microscopic examination. Consequently, single-round PCR was carried out to differentiate the Entamoeba spp. OF the sixteen samples that were microscopically positive, 1 (6.25%) was E. moshkovskii, and 15 (93.75%) were E. dispar. Our results, along with those of other similar study conducted in different parts of Iran, reveal that E. dispar is more prevalent.
Key words: Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba moshkovskii, single-round PCR, Iran.
Ebrahim Badparva, Ali Haghighi, Farnaz Kheirandish*, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad and Bahram Kazemi
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Theoretical studies on nanostructure of 2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehyde
M. Monajjemi1*, F. Naderi2, F. Jadidi3 and F. Mollaamin4
1Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of basic science, Shahr e Qods branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran.
3Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4Department of Chemistry, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran.
Accepted 15 March, 2019
Abstract
The polarized continuum model (PCM) model has been used to optimize 2,66-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehyde (safranal) in aqueous phase, methanol and carbon tetra chloride at B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory and the solvent effect has been studied. The principle of maximum hardness has been tested by calculating chemical hardness and chemical potential at B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory to predict the order of stability of the structure in solutions. The maximum IR intensity is related to the C4=C5 stretching vibrations. Also, the vibrational free energy, heat capacity, entropy, thermal energy and zero point vibrational energy obtained from the calculated frequencies and these are compared in different media.
Key words: Polarized continuum model (PCM), functional theory methods (DFT), solvent, IR, safranal.
F. Jadidi and F. Mollaamin, F. Naderi, M. Monajjemi*
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-010, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Immunogenicity of envelope GP5 protein displayed on baculovirus and protective efficacy against virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus challenge in piglets
Zhisheng Wang1a, Xingang Xu1a, Hungjen Liu2, Zhaocai Li1, Li Ding1, Gaoshui Yu1, Dan Xu1 and Dewen Tong1*
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China.
2Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
Accepted 12 March, 2019
Abstract
In the present study, one recombinant baculovirus BacSC-GP5, expressing His6-tagged GP5 with the transmembrane domain (TM) and cytoplasmic domain (CTD) derived from baculovirus envelope protein gp64, was constructed and its immunogenicity and protective efficiency was evaluated in piglets. The results obtained show that, His6-tagged recombinant GP5 was expressed and anchored on the plasma membrane of Sf-9 cells, as revealed by Western blot and confocal microscopy. Immunogold electron microscopy demonstrated that, the GP5 glycoprotein was displayed successfully on the viral surface. Piglets immunized with BacSC-GP5 induced successfully GP5-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody, neutralizing antibody and lymphocyte proliferation response at 6 weeks after primary immunization. An in vivo challenge result indicated that piglets immunized with BacSC-GP5 did not show any obvious clinical signs and histological changes, and the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) also indicated that the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) viral load from the serum in BacSC-GP5 group was significantly reduced at 14 and 21 days post-challenge compared to that in the negative control group. These results indicate that baculovirus-mediated gene delivery can be utilized as an alternative strategy to develop a new generation of vaccine against PRRSV infection.
Key words: Baculovirus surface display, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), GP5 protein, immunogenicity, protective efficacy.
Zhaocai Li, Xingang Xu, Dan Xu and Dewen Tong*, Zhisheng Wang, Li Ding, Hungjen Liu, Gaoshui Yu
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-007, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Utilization of kitchen waste for the production of green thermoplastic polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Cupriavidus necator CCGUG 52238
Farah Nadia Omar, Nor’Aini Abdul Rahman*, Halimatun Saadiah Hafid, Tabassum Mumtaz, Phang Lai Yee and Mohd Ali Hassan
Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Accepted 11 March, 2019
Abstract
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was produced by Cupriavidus necator CCGUG 52238 using organic acids from fermented kitchen waste. HPLC and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses revealed that the acid comprised mainly of lactic and acetic acids. In shake flask culture, the lactic acid concentration above 10 g/L inhibited both cell growth and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production. The PHB production by the strain was achieved at the highest PHB content of 52.79% in batch fermentation using the kitchen-waste derived organic acids. The PHB yield and productivity were 0.38 g/g and 0.065 g/L/h, respectively. In fed-batch culture, about 4-fold increase in PHB productivity (0.242 g/L/h) was achieved by applying intermittent feeding strategy.
Key words: Cupriavidus necator CCGUG 52238, kitchen waste, organic acids, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB).
Nor’Aini Abdul Rahman*, Farah Nadia Omar, Halimatun Saadiah Hafid, Phang Lai Yee and Mohd Ali Hassan, Tabassum Mumtaz
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular characterization of norovirus from acute gastroenteritis patients in Malaysia
H. Zuridah1,2*, Sufiyan Hadi M1, L. K. Teh2 and A. H. Zed Zakari1
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
2Pharmacogenomic Centre (PROMISE), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Accepted 11 February, 2019
Abstract
Rotavirus and recently norovirus have been described as important and most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children. The mode of transmission is fecal-oral. Diagnosis of both of these viruses can be made by rapid antigen detection of the viruses in stool specimens and strains can be further characterized by enzyme immunoassay or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Stool specimens collected from various hospitals in Malaysia were examined for norovirus by both immunochromatography and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction techniques. Rotavirus antigen was screened by a commercially available latex agglutination test kit. Altogether, 168 stool samples were collected for both norovirus and rotavirus screening. Out of these, 77/168 (45.8%) were examined for rotavirus with 17/77 (22%) rotavirus antigen positive. Due to very small amount of fecal materials obtained in some cases, only 151/168 (89.8%) were sufficient for norovirus and 14/151 (9.3%) were positive for norovirus genogroup II (GII). This study highlights that rotavirus remains the main agent for acute gastroenteritis and identification for emerging norovirus among the children is becoming important for proper patient management.
Key words: Norovirus, rotavirus, immunochromatography, latex agglutination, RT-PCR, phylogenetic analysis.
H. Zuridah*, Sufiyan Hadi M, L. K. Teh and A. H. Zed Zakari
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