ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Bacteriological studies on pulmonary lesions of camel (Camelus dromedarius) slaughtered at Addis Ababa abattoir, Ethiopia
Nesibu Awol1, Gelagay Ayelet2, Shiferaw Jenberie2*, Esayas Gelaye2, Tesfaye Sisay1 and Haileleul Nigussie1
1Faculty of Veterinary medicine, A.A.U, P. O. Box: 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia.
2National Veterinary Institute, P. O. Box: 19, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia.
Accepted 12 January, 2019
Abstract
This study was carried out with the aim of identifying bacterial species involved in lung lesions of camels slaughtered between October 2009 and April 2010 at Addis Ababa abattoir enterprise, Ethiopia. All camels were originated from Borana and Kereyu pastoral areas. A total of 387 lungs were inspected during the study period, of which 300 (77.5%) possessed gross pulmonary lesions. Of which 72 lungs with lesions were processed for bacteriology and bacterial growth was observed from 50 of the pneumonic lung samples. A total of 54 bacterial species were isolated and identified. These included coagulase negative staphylococci (21.1%), Streptococcus species (19.3%), Escherichia coli (17.5%), Francisella tularensis (5.3%), Flavobacterium species (5.3%), Rhodococcus equi (5.3%), Bordetella bronchoseptica (3.5%), Aeromonas hydrophila (3.5%), Neisseria species (3.5%), Streptococcus agalactia (1.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (1.8%), Pasteurella trehalosi (1.8%), Pasteurella anatipestifer (1.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.8%), Micrococcus species (1.8%) and Mycobacterium species (5.3%). These pathogens could induce respiratory diseases under stressful conditions or predispose camels to other opportunistic infections.
Key words: Bacteria, camel, pulmonary lesion, Ethiopia.
Gelagay Ayelet, Tesfaye Sisay and Haileleul Nigussie, Nesibu Awol, Esayas Gelaye, Shiferaw Jenberie*
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of isolates of Dermatophilus congolensis from cattle, sheep and goats in Jos, Nigeria
S. J. Shaibu1*, H. M. Kazeem2, U. S. Abdullahi3 and M. Y. Fatihu2
1Dermatophilosis Research, National Veterinary Research Institute Vom, Nigeria.
2Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria.
3Department of Veterinary Surgery and Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria.
Accepted 18 January, 2019
Abstract
Dermatophilus congolensis is the causative agent of dermatophilosis an economically important disease of livestock, and also an agent of zoonotic importance. The disease has been reported worldwide, with a wide host range which includes domestic, wild and aquatic animals. This study was therefore undertaken to characterize isolates of the organism from cattle, sheep and goats in Nigeria. All the isolates, except two sheep isolates fermented glucose and sucrose. The whole cell protein profiles of the isolates were similar at about 62 and 20 KDa, but different at other levels. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the partial 16SrRNA gene amplified all the isolates, but not other organisms included. The multiple sequence alignment of the PCR amplicons sequences showed an identity of between 98.5 and 100% across all the isolates. There was also a sequence similarity of between 99.2 and 99.76% between the isolates and the partial sequence of the type strain of D. congolensis DSM 44180T in the Genbank. Based on these techniques it may be concluded that all the isolates are the same with minor differences which were not enough to speciate them.
Key words: Dermatophilus congolensis, phenotypic, genotypic, sds-page, polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, multiple sequence analysis.
S. J. Shaibu*, H. M. Kazeem, U. S. Abdullahi and M. Y. Fatihu
Research Article
Isolation and characterization of heavy metal removing bacterial bioflocculants
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-009, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Isolation and characterization of heavy metal removing bacterial bioflocculants
J. Lin* and C. Harichund
School of Biochemistry, Genetics, and Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Private Bag X 54001, Durban, Republic of South Africa.
Accepted 10 January, 2019
Abstract
Thirteen metal-tolerant bacteria capable of producing metal- removing bioflocculants were isolated from an industrial effluent sample. Pseudomonas sp. was found to be the pre-dominant species among the isolates (8 out of 13), followed by Herbaspirillium spp. (4) and one Paenibacillus sp. The flocculating activity of bioflocculants produced by these microorganisms was assayed using the kaolin clay. The heavy-metal-removal efficiency was determined using atomic absorption spectrometer before and after mixing the bioflocculant with the heavy metal solutions. Bioflocculants exhibit different flocculating abilities of removing kaolin clay in the presence of different heavy metals. Bioflocculants produced by Pseudomonas sp. CH9 possessed the highest flocculating activity (1.8) compared to the remaining bioflocculants. The flocculating activities of CH11 and CH13 increased to 0.95 and 0.87 in the presence of Pb2+ and to 0.89 and 0.98 in the presence of Hg2+ respectively from 0.015 in the presence of Ca2+ in the standard kaolin clay assay. Up to 90% of Pb2+ was removed by Pseudomonas sp. CH8 bioflocculants. Seventy-eight percent of Hg2+ and 66% of Cd2+ was removed by Pseudomonas sp. CH6 and Herbaspirillium sp. CH13 bioflocculants respectively. Most of the bioflocculants demonstrated a higher percentage of heavy-metal removal at low concentrations. This study demonstrates that microbial bioflocculants have potential to be used as an alternative bioremedial tool for industrial effluents and wastewater treatments which are co-contaminated with heavy metals.
Key words: Bioflocculant; heavy metals, Pseudomonas sp., Herbaspirillium sp., Paenibacillus sp., Industrial effluent.
J. Lin*, C. Harichund
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antibiotic drug resistance of hospital acquired Staphylococcus aureus in Andra Pradesh: A monitoring study
Rabbani Syed1,2*, Giri Prasad1, Farha Deeba1,2, Rani D.1 , Kaiser Jamil1,2 and Ali A. Alshatwi 3
1Department of Genetics, Bhagawan Manahir Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India.
2Central Research Institute for Unani Medicine, Hyderabad, India.
3Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab(MCBRL) Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition. College of Food and Agriculture Sciences King Saud University.
Accepted 11 January, 2019
Abstract
Nosocomial infections are one of the occupational biohazards that affect the health of individuals with or without predisposing factors. Staphylococcus aureus is associated with significantly higher mortality and is associated with community-acquired serious nosocomial infections because strains generally show multiple drug resistance, which limits treatment possibilities. A total of 1800 patients in the state of Andhra Pradesh were screened for the presence of Staphylococcus species and were tested for antibiotic resistance. The results indicated that among ten antibiotics used in the present study, Amikacin and Azithromycin should be the drug of choice to treat S. aureus infection. It was observed that the resistance of most of the antibiotics tested showed increased resistance with increasing age. These results suggest that clinicians should consider age as an important factor while prescribing these antibiotics.
Key words: Nosocomial, antibiotic resistance, Staphylococcus aureus.
Farha Deeba, Rabbani Syed*, Rani D, Kaiser Jamil and Ali A. Alshatwi, Giri Prasad
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Optimization of ethanol production from mango pulp using yeast strains isolated from “taberna”: A Mexican fermented beverage
Jorge Alejandro Santiago-Urbina1, Lucia Maria Cristina Ventura-Canseco1, Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera1, Sandy Luz Ovando-Chacón1, Luc Dendooven2, Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli1 and Miguel Abud-Archila1*
1División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez Carr. Panamericana km. 1080, C.P. 29050, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, México.
2Laboratory of Soil Ecology, GIB, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, C.P. 07360 México D. F., México.
Accepted 09 January, 2019
Abstract
Undamaged, uninfected and ripe mango fruits were collected from mango trees grown in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México. In a first experiment, a Plackett-Burman statistical experimental design was used to study the effect of KH2PO4 (0.5 to 6.0 g/ll); (NH4)2SO 4 (0.5 to 4.0 g/l); ZnSO4 (0.05 to 1.0 g/l); MgSO4 (0.4 to 2 g/l); CaCl2 (0.1 to 1.0 g/l); CoSO4 (0.1 to 1.0 g/l) and the total sugar content of mango pulp (Mangifera indica var. criollo) (80 to 120 g/l) on ethanol production using two yeasts strains (denominated TL-ITTG-01 and TL-ITTG -06) isolated from a Mexican fermented native beverage. Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL-Y-2034 was used as reference strain. The variables studied had no significant effect on ethanol production by the yeast strain TL-ITTG-01 and S. cerevisiae NRRL-Y-2034. Highest ethanol productions were 24.89±0.17 for TL-ITTG- 01 and 51.24±3.40 g/l for S. cerevisiae NRRL-Y-2034. Substrate concentration, that is, sugars in the mango pulp, and CoSO4, however, had a significant effect on the ethanol production by strain TL-ITTG-06 and the highest ethanol production for this strain was 47.92±0.82 g/l. Ethanol production by the strain TL-ITTG -06 was further optimized using a factorial design 22. The maximum ethanol concentration predicted by the model was of 48.56 g/l with 210.0 g/l sugar and 0.1 g/l of CoSO4, but a fermentation with the aforementioned concentrations resulted in an ethanol production of 52.60±0.77 g/l.
Key words: Ethanol, Plackett-Burman design, mango pulp.
Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli and Miguel Abud-Arch, Jorge Alejandro Santiago-Urbina, Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera, Luc Dendooven, Sandy Luz Ovando-Chacón, Lucia Maria Cristina Ventura-Canseco
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-013, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Poly- - hydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from domestic wastewater using Enterobacter aerogenes 12Bi strain
Nur Ceyhan1* and Guven Ozdemir2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mugla University, Mugla-48170, Turkey.
2Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ege University, Izmir-35100, Turkey.
Accepted 11 January, 2019
Abstract
A strain of poly- -hydroxybutyrate (PHB)-accumulating bacterium was isolated and identified as Enterobacter aerogenes (designated E. aerogenes 12Bi) by using biochemical and phylogenetic characterization. The accumulation of a large amount of granules in its cells cultured in the domestic wastewater medium (DWWM) were showed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). When PHB production by our strain was determined by Hypochlorite method, it was found that PHB production ranged from 16.66 to 96.25% (w/w). The highest PHB yield by our microorganism was up to 96.25% within 18 h in DWWM 5 (supplemented with 100% DWW). This is the first report of the use of DWW for production of PHB by E. aerogenes. The results obtained in the study demonstrated that PHB could be efficiently produced to a high concentration with high productivity by using DWWM as an inexpensive substrate. Thus, it can contribute to the reduction of high production cost of PHB.
Key words: Poly- -hydroxybutyrate (PHB), bioplastics, domestic wastewater, Enterobacter aerogenes, biochemical identification, phylogenetic identification.
Guven Ozdemir, Nur Ceyhan*