ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (8), pp. 001-007, August, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Characterization of Bacillus sp. strains isolated from rhizosphere of soybean plants for their use as potential plant growth for promoting Rhizobacteria
Aris Tri Wahyudi1*, Rina Puji Astuti1, Asri Widyawati1, Anja Meryandini1, and Abdjad Asih Nawangsih2
1Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB); Jl. Agatis-Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Jl. Agatis-Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
Accepted 10 May, 2018
Abstract
Rhizobacteria of Bacillus species were isolated from the rhizosphere of soybean plant of Cirebon, Indonesia, and further examined for plant growth promoting activities. A total of 118 isolates identified as Bacillus sp., 90 isolates (76.3%) among them positively produced phytohormone indole acetic acid (IAA). The 12 isolates (13.3%) were selected, initially on the basis of germinating seed bioassay in which the root length, shoot length or number of lateral root of the seedling was enhanced significantly. All those 12 isolates produced siderophore and 11 isolates (91.7%) were able to solubilize phosphate. Furthermore, 3 isolates (25%) among them were able to inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, 9 isolates (75%) inhibited the growth of Rhizoctonia solani, and 1 isolate (8.3%) of Bacillus sp. inhibited the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. DNA sequence analysis of 16S rRNA genes of those 12 isolates revealed that, all of them similar with Bacillus sp. cluster and was separately divided into four groups. This study has pointed out 12 isolates of Bacillus sp. that may be applicable as inoculants according to each supporting characters as growth promoter rhizobacteria.
Key words: Rhizobacteria, Bacillus sp., growth promoter, IAA, antifungal compounds, phosphate solubilization, siderophore, 16S rRNA.
Aris Tri Wahyudi*, and Abdjad Asih Nawangsih, Anja Meryandini, Rina Puji Astuti, Asri Widyawati
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (8), pp. 001-005, August, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Microbial load in ready-to-eat rice sold in Benin City
Wogu, M. D., Omoruyi, M. I.*, Odeh, H. O. and Guobadia, J. N.
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, P.M.B. 1100, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
Accepted 14 April, 2018
Abstract
The microbial load of ready-to-eat rice from both local fast food centers (local restaurants) and Standard fast food centers (high class restaurants) within Benin City was investigated. The total colony count ranged from 2.0 x 104 to 1.2 x 106 for bacteria and 8.0 x 104 to 2.0 x 105 for fungi. Four bacteria were isolated: Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. B. cereus, which is mainly associated with food poisoning because of its ability to produce toxins, was present in 37.5% of samples alongside E. coli. Two fungi were isolated: Saccharomyces cerevisae, occurring in 50% of samples, and Aspergillus niger. Ready-to-eat rice from standard fast food centers was found to have more microbial load and more microorganisms compared to ready-to-eat rice from local fast food centers. The results of our study indicated that most of the ready-to-eat rice samples examined did not meet bacteriological quality standards. Hence, it is recommended that a more close supervision of ready-to-eat food should be carried out by relevant authorities.
Keywords: Microbial load, ready-to-eat rice, standard fast food centers and local fast food centers.
J. N., Wogu , H. O. and Guobadia, M. I.*, Odeh , Omoruyi , M. D.
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Study of Chamomile’s yield and its components under drought stress and organic and inorganic fertilizers using and their residue
Ahmad Ahmadian, Ahmad Ghanbari*, Barali Siahsar, Mostafa Haydari, Mahmood Ramroodi and Sayed Mohsen Mousavinik
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural College, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
Accepted 04 May, 2018
Abstract
Management of organic and inorganic fertilizer application and residual of them are very important in their effect on environment and plant yield in order to determine the effect of drought stress and different amendments on flower, essential oil and chamazulene yield and yield components of CHAMOMILLA RECUTITA (L.). Rauschert, this study was conducted in split plot design with three replications during 2007 to 2009 at University of Zabol. Treatment included W1 (non stress), W2 (75% FC) and W3 (50% FC) as main plot and three kind of residual’s fertilizers: F1 (non fertilizer), F2 (chemical fertilizer), F3 (manure fertilizer) and F4 (compost) as sub plot that is used in the first year. Results showed that water stress at W3 treatment reduced dry and fresh flower yield at both years. Low drought stress increased essential oil and chamazulene yield however high drought stress decreased these variable. Chemical fertilizer caused to make the highest yield and essential oil in the first year, but in the second year that had no difference with control treatment (without fertilizer). The residue of animal manure and compost enhanced flower, oil and chamazulene yield at the second year. In addition, animal manure and compost under drought stress in the first year and under all water conditions in the second year reach the best quantitative and qualitative yield and application of them was recommendable.
Key words: Chamomilla recutita, essential oil, chamazulene, animal manure.
Ahmad Ahmadian, Ahmad Ghanbari*, Barali Siahsar, Mostafa Haydari, Mahmood Ramroodi and Sayed Mohsen Mousavinik
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (8), pp. 001-009, August, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Utilisation of crude oil and gasoline by ten bacterial and five fungal isolates
A. Sebiomo*, A. O. Awosanya and A. D. Awofodu
Department of Biological Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Accepted 4 March, 2018
Abstract
This study investigated the abilities of ten bacterial and five fungal isolates indigenous to polluted mechanic soils to utilise and degrade crude oil and gasoline. Of all the bacterial and fungal isolates obtained in this study Pseudomonas sp. Bacillus sp. and Aspergillus sp. were found to be more predominant in the polluted mechanic soils. The growth profiles were determined by monitoring the optical density, total viable counts, dry weights and pH of the culture utilizing crude oil and gasoline as carbon and energy source. Total viable counts increased significantly with optical density and dry weights of fungi as the days of incubation progressed until the 14th day (P<0.001). There was significant difference (P<0.002) in the pH values of the fungal isolates. The pH values decreased significantly (P<0.001) as fungal cells metabolised crude oil and gasoline. Of all the bacterial and fungal isolates used in this study Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus ochraceus have shown the best abilities to utilise and degrade crude oil and gasoline in- vitro. All the organisms used in this study are all indigenous to the environment from which they were isolated and all of those which were tested for biodegradation were able to biodegrade organic contaminants actively. The biodegradation of contaminants is the best means to completely remove oil pollutants.
Key words: Bacteria, fungi, crude oil, gasoline, biodegradation.
A. O. Awosanya and A. D. Awofodu, A. Sebiomo*
Page: 1 - 9
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (8), pp. 001-004, August, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antibacterial potential of pot marigold
S. Bissa* and A. Bohra
Department of Biotechnology, Mahila PG Mahavidyalaya, Jodhpur-342001, Rajasthan, India.
Accepted 4 March, 2018
Abstract
Plants continue to be an important therapeutic aid for alleviating the ailments of humankind. In the present research work different parts (root, leaf and flowers) of Calendula officinalis were screened for potential antibacterial activity against some important bacterial strains, namely Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The antibacterial activity was determined in aqueous, alcohol, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts using agar disc diffusion method. Although all the plant parts showed significant anti microbial activity but the highest antibacterial activity was observed in petroleum ether extract of dried leaves against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Phytochemical analysis was also done.
Key words: Antibacterial activity, Calendula officinalis, petroleum ether extract, Klebsiella pneumoniae.
A. Bohra, S. Bissa*
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (8), pp. 001-013, August, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Utilisation and biodegradation of atrazine and primextra
A. Sebiomo1*, V. W. Ogundero2 and S. A. Bankole2
1Department of Biological Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria.
2Department of Microbiology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Accepted 4 March, 2018
Abstract
The abilities of twelve bacterial isolates to utilise atrazine and primextra and the degradation dynamics of the two herbicides in soil was determined in this study. Soil treatments were carried out in triplicates using the completely randomized blocked design. Utilisation of atrazine and primextra were determined by monitoring growth rates of the bacteria, actinomyces and streptomyces via viable counts, optical density and pH changes. Chromatographic analysis of soil samples were also done to determine residual concentration of herbicides. The viable count and the optical density values increased significantly (P< 0.001) from the 0 h to the 20th day and latter dropped on the 25th to the 30th day. The pH values dropped significantly (P< 0.001) from the 0 h to the 30th day. Bacillus subtilis recorded the highest viable count values of 8.98 and 9.25 on the 20th day and optical density values of 0.934 and 1.631 respectively on atrazine and primextra on the 20th day during growth on atrazine and primextra thus significantly (P <0.001) utilising atrazine and primextra for growth. Pseudomonas putida had the lowest pH value of 5.84 on atrazine while P. stutzeri recorded the highest pH value of 6.42 during growth on atrazine. Norcadia farcinica had the lowest pH of 5.97 during growth on primextra after the 30th day of growth while Flavobacterium aquantile had the highest pH value of 6.34 after the 30th day of growth on primextra. The area and height of atrazine and primextra detection peaks decreased from the second to the sixth weeks of herbicide treatment. The decrease in atrazine and primextra peak indicated more atrazine and primextra degradation. B. subtillis has shown the best ability to utilise atrazine and primextra respectively. This study has shown that bacterial isolates could be applied to remediate soils polluted with both atrazine and primextra. The progressive biodegradation of atrazine and primextra has also been elucidated in this work.
Key words: Optical density, viable count, biodegradation, herbicide.
A. Sebiomo*, V. W. Ogundero and S. A. Bankole
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