Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2016 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Characterisation of non human origin probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum with cholesterol-lowering property

Sasithorn Sirilun¹, Chaiyavat Chaiyasut¹*, Duangporn Kantachote² and Plearnpis Luxananil³

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.

²Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai. 90112, Thailand.

³Microbial Cell Factory Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 12120, Thailand.

Accepted 26 April, 2015

Abstract

This study evaluated the probiotic and cholesterol-lowering property of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from non human origin. Four strains, TGCM 15, TGCM 26, TGCM 33 and TGCM 128 were selected and identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. These strains tolerated to 0.15% and 0.30% (w/v) bile salt and resisted to pH values 2 - 8 with survival rate more than 50% during 2 h of growth. In addition, all strains exhibited strong antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sonnei and Candida albicans ATCC 90028. TGCM 15 and TGCM 33 exhibited the bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity and cholesterol-lowering properties with the reduction rate more than 50% by active cells. In particular, TGCM 15 exhibited the significantly highest cholesterol-lowering activity at 81.46%. Conversely, TGCM 26 was determined to have the significantly lowest activity at 25.41%. The percentages of cholesterol-lowering by resting and dead cells of TGCM 15 and TGCM 33 were not significantly different. The resting and dead cells of all strains exhibited the cholesterol-lowering activities in the range of 13.11 - 23.28 and 11.44 - 19.53%, respectively. According to these results, the 4 strains of L. plantarum have revealed the probiotic’s potential in cholesterol-lowering property.

Key words: Probiotic, Lactobacillus plantarum, bile salt hydrolase, cholesterol-lowering property.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2016 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches to study the bacterial and archaeal diversity from Jordanian hot springs

Hanan I. Malkawi* and Manal N. Al-Omari

Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.

Accepted 15 April, 2015

Abstract

The microbial diversity was investigated at five major hot springs in Jordan (Ashounah, Waggas, Zara, Zarqa Ma'in and Afra springs) using both microbiological culture-based and molecular culture-independent approaches. One hundred and thirty two (132) bacterial isolates were obtained and characterized morphologically. Out of 132 isolates, 125 isolates were gram positive rods, while the other seven isolates were gram positive coccobacilli. The bacterial growth at different high temperatures was determined, and revealed that 19 out of 132 isolates were able to grow at high temperatures of up to 75°C. All bacterial isolates grew at pH 7.0, except one single isolate from Zarqa Ma'in spring which was able to grow at pH 3.5. Culture-independent approaches using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the amplification of specific 16S rDNA sequences of Bacteria, Archaea, Green sulfur bacteria, Green nonsulfur bacteria, Heliobacteria, and methanogenic Archaea from metagenomic DNA extracted directly from water and mat samples from each thermal spring. Nine water samples and 9 mat samples from all spring sites revealed the presence of bacteria yielding the amplicon size of (1500 bp), while 4 water samples from Zarqa Ma'in springs and 5 mat samples from Zarqa Ma'in springs and Waggas well revealed the presence of archaea with an amplicon size of (650 bp). When the primer pair targeting purple phototrophic bacteria was used, positive PCR amplification product (229 bp) appeared in 6 mat samples from Zarqa Ma'in, Afra, Zara, Ashounah and Waggas springs. Also PCR identification of bacterial isolates using primer pair specific to the 16S rDNA gene sequences of the genus Bacillus indicated that 96.97 % (128 out of 132) of bacterial isolates have the size of PCR amplicon (320 bp) for the genus Bacillus.

Key words: Bacteria, archaea, diversity, hot springs, Jordan.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2016 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Early detection of ovarian carcinoma by proteome profiling based on magnetic bead separation and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry

Dong-Mei Fan, Hui-Rong Shi *, Zhi-Min Chen, Qing-Hua Wu, Hui-Na Liu and Rui-Tao Zhang

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan, 450052, China.

Accepted 13 April, 2015

Abstract

In this study, affinity purification with magnetic beads and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry analysis was used to screen candidate biomarkers of ovarian carcinoma. Mass spectrometry compiled from serum of 30 cases of ovarian carcinomas was compared with that from serum of 10 cases of benign group and13 cases of normal group. Interesting peaks were further sieved from ascites and cystic fluid. Peptides were deduced by searching in http://us.expasy.org/tools/tagident.html and were detected by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results showed that two peaks of 2881 and 2897Da elevated in the serum, malignant ascite and cyst fluid of cancer group when compared with normal and benign groups were deduced as gastrin -releasing peptide which was higher in the malignant tissues and serum than other two groups. It was concluded that gastrin-releasing peptide in serum might be a potential marker for ovarian carcinoma.

Key words: Gastrin-releasing peptide, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, magnetic bead, and ovarian carcinoma.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2016 International Scholars Journals

Full length Research Paper

Demineralized bone matrix gelatin as scaffold for tissue engineering

Yong Pan¹, Shiwu Dong², Yong Hao¹, Tongwei Chu¹, Changqing Li¹, Zhengfeng Zhang¹ and Yue Zhou¹*

¹Department of Orthopaedics, Xinqiao Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.

²Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.

Accepted 28 April, 2016

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to do a comparative light microscopical and histochemical analysis of bone regeneration processes in rabbits, with the use of demineralized bone matrix gelatin scaffolds. Our histological results showed that no gelatin scaffold was extruded, indicating that neither body fluid nor blood swept the gelatin scaffold from the implantation site, nor was the gelatin scaffold biodegraded. Additionally, no abscess or inflammation of the peripheral osseous tissues at the implantation site was observed, suggesting that the implantation of the gelatin scaffold in the vertebra bone defect did not cause histopathology or exhibit malbiocompatibility with the peripheral osseous tissues.

Key word: Demineralized bone matrix gelatin scaffolds, tissue engineering.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2016 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from manure fertilized farms and raw vegetables grown on it, in Tabriz city in Iran

Jalil Khandaghi¹*, Vadood Razavilar¹ and Abolfazl Barzgari²

¹Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

²M. S. C. of Biotechnology, Tabriz University, Iran.

Accepted 15 April, 2015

Abstract

Concern for pathogens in vegetables has risen because of increasing number of outbreaks of foodborne illnesses caused by consumption of fresh and minimally processed vegetables. Using bovine feces as fertilizer, which is the common organic fertilizer on farmlands in Iran, can pose risk of spreading and transmission of enteric pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 both by direct contact and consumption of produces grown on such farms. We obtained a total of 282 samples of soil and vegetables (lettuce, cabbage, carrot and radish sprout), from manure fertilized agriculture farms in Tabriz city. Phenotypic/biochemical characteristics followed by biochemical tests were performed. Multiplex PCR technique was used to confirm E. coli O157:H7 isolates. The data indicated that 5 samples of soils (1.77 %) and one sample of vegetable (0.35 %) of total samples were contaminated with E. coli O157:H7. Organic fertilizer used in farm lands in this study poses a supposed low risk in vegetables.

Key words: Foodborne, bovine feces, Escherichia coli O157:H7, raw vegetables, multiplex PCR.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2016 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli and klebseilla pneumonia isolated from urine in an Iranian 1000-bed tertiary care hospital

Ava Behrooozi¹, Mohammad Rahbar²* and Jalil Vand Yousefi¹

¹Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Karaj Azad University, Karaj, Iran.

²Department of Microbiology, Iranian Reference Health Laboratory, Tehran, Iran.

Accepted 18 March, 2015

Abstract

Betal-lactam antibiotics are the most frequently prescribed antibiotics. Emerging resistance to these antibiotics among gram-negative bacilli limited their utility. This study was done to determine the frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactmase (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urine in Milad Hospital of Tehran. This study was done on 735 urine gram-negative bacilli isolates including 620 strains of E. coli and 115 strains of K. pneumoniae in microbiology laboratory of Milad Hospital in Tehran, Iran. ESBls resistance was detected in 132 (21%) of isolates of E. coli and 18 (12%) in those with K. pneumoniae. Of 150 patients which had positive ESBLs isolates, 104 were outpatients and 46 others were hospitalized. Nearly 80% ESBls isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole and nitrofuantion was the most effective antibiotic against ESBLs producing isolates. Our study revealed that there is a high frequency isolates of ESBls producing strains of E. coli and K. pneupmiae in both community and hospital. This has a significant implication for patients’ management. Further drug resistance surveillance in our hospitals and molecular characteristics of ESBls isolates in our country is necessary.

Key words: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs), Escherichia coli, Klebseilla pneumonia, urinary tract infections.