ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular study for detection of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) in Iranian cats
Farzad Shahrani1,2, Abbas Doosti1,2* and Asghar Arshi2
1Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Young Researchers Club, Shahrekord, Iran.
2Biotechnology Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran.
Accepted 21 January, 2019
Abstract
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that infects cats. This infectious disease is a form of cancer of blood cells called lymphocytes. FeLV occurs in nature not as a single genomic species but as a family of closely related viruses. The aim of present study was to detect FeLV in Iranian domestic cats Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Fifty six blood samples were tested for FeLV using molecular techniques and out of 56 samples overall frequency of FeLV infection was 2.2%. The results showed that FeLV is a specific infection and the other common feline infectious pathogens and FeLV seem to be endemic in Iranian cats Vaccination and testing programs have proven to be effective in decreasing FeLV infection in Iran and may potentially totally eliminate it at least in other countries.
Key words: Feline leukemia virus, PCR, Iranian domestic cats.
Abbas Doosti* and Asghar Arshi, Farzad Shahrani
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Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A new recommended disinfectant for dental instruments
Jamileh bigom Taheri1, Mahin Bakhshi1, Sedigheh Bakhtiari1*, Bahare Nazemi2, Fateme Fallah3, Sahand Rezaie5, Hamed Mortazavi1 and Somayyeh Azimi4
1Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
5General Practitioner, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 11 January, 2019
Abstract
Enduro hand sanitizer is a new disinfecting agent that has recently been introduced as an effective antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral agent. Considering the importance of infection control in dentistry, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of the foam and its ability to disinfect dental surfaces and instruments. An experimental study was designed to evaluate the microbial load of 50 samples which were obtained randomly from dental surfaces and instruments before and after application of the disinfecting foam. All samples were cultured in blood agar and nutrient agar culture media and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Colony count was subsequently performed after an additional 24 h. Furthermore, to evaluate the efficacy of the foam on different bacterial species, a blank disc was coated with foam and approximated with the bacteria. The clear zone around each disc was measured and reported (mm) after 48 h. The significance of differences between the data retrieved before and after applying the foam was determined using the non parametric Chi-square test. None of the species were colonized after the application of the foam. It was also shown to significantly reduce the colonization of resistant bacterial strains and the standard microbial species (P<0.05). Enduro hand sanitizer is an effective disinfectant capable of decontaminating dental instruments to the optimum level.
Key words: Antibacterial, disinfecting agent, dental instrument.
Mahin Bakhshi, Sedigheh Bakhtiari*, Fateme Fallah, Sahand Rezaie, Bahare Nazemi, Hamed Mortazavi and Somayyeh Azimi, Jamileh bigom Taheri
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Screening of antibiotic sensitivity, antibacterial and enzymatic activities of microbes isolated from ex-tin mining lake
Ong K. S.1, Chin H. S.2 and Teo K. C.1*
1Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia.
2Science and Technology Innovation Center, Microbiology Laboratory, Ansell Shah Alam Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia.
Accepted 11 February, 2019
Abstract
Water sample from ex-tin mining lake was collected and cultured on nutrient agar (NA). Morphology characteristics revealed that isolates WL1 and WL4 were Gram-negative cocci and WL3 was Gram-positive cocci. Meanwhile, WL2 and WL5 were Gram-positive bacilli and spore formers. These isolates were screened for their antibiotic sensitivity against 17 types of antibiotics using Kirby-Bauer method. Antibacterial activity against 11 types of indicator bacteria were also tested using agar well diffusion method. The antibiotic susceptibility test demonstrated that all five isolates had high degree of inhibition to five types antibiotics namely amikacin, kanamicin, gentamicin, norfloxacin and tetracycline. Gram-negative cocci WL4 is a multiple resistant isolate that resistant to 10 types of antibiotics. The Gram-positive bacilli WL2 had antibacterial activity against Gram-negative ESCHERICHIA COLI. Enzymatic assay showed that all isolates were proteolytic, lipolytic and phosphatase enzyme producers. Amylolytic activity was absent in all isolates. Protease, leucine arylamidase, alkaline and acid phosphatases, phospholipase esterase and esterase lipase were found in all isolates. The preliminary survey demonstrated that the water environment in the vicinity of Campus Lake is a reservoir of microbial populations. The present work concerns a screening of a few selected isolates with some significance importance in the application of medical and industry fields. In conclusion, the multi resistance isolates were not suitable for industry application due to some facts that it might produce toxic compounds and cause infection. The antimicrobial substance and enzymes produced by the potential isolates could be further screened for clinical application and mass production in industry. However, they must be evaluated for their safety and toxicity to human, animals and the environment.
Key words: Nutrient agar (NA), Kirby-Bauer, antibacterial assay, antibiotic susceptibility test, enzymatic assay.
Chin H. S and Teo K. C*, Ong K. S
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Rapid detection of Salmonella species using an improved gel-based DNA microarray method
Xuhong Ye1,2,3, Yiming Wang1,2 and Xiangui Lin1,2*
1State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing East Road, 71 Nanjing 210008, PR China.
2Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hongkong Baptist University and Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
3Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
Accepted 10 January, 2019
Abstract
Salmonella, widely distributed in nature, is a great human and animal health hazard of a class of pathogens. Culture-based methods may require many days to detect Salmonella. Traditional microbiology could advantageously be replaced by DNA microarray technology. We described an improved 3-D polyacrylamide gel-based DNA microarray assay based on gyrB gene (DNA gyrase B subunit gene) sequences that can be used for the identification of Salmonella species. Primers specific for a gyrB gene region common to all 13 samples were synthesized and used for PCR amplification of purified DNA. An oligonucleotide probe for specific gyrB gene regions was developed for the identification of 7 Salmonella species. Acrylamide-modified oligonucleotides solutions containing acrylamide monomer, glycerol, APS and probe were prepared at the desired concentration. The solutions were spotted on the modified glass slide by ink jet using a microarrayer and then the slide was transferred to a vacuum chamber with TEMED, after that the slide was used for hybridization with fluorescently labeled ssDNA derived from amplified sample DNA to yield a pattern of positive spots. This microarray produced unique hybridization patterns for species of Salmonella and could differentiate closely related bacterial species. The sample preparation and microarray method used in this study increased sensitivity and reduces time-to-result for detection of Salmonella. The described method allowed microarray monitoring for Salmonella contamination of food and manure for aquaculture.
Key words: Salmonella, gyrB gene, PCR, DNA microarray, TEMED.
Yiming Wang and Xiangui Lin*, Xuhong Ye
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Characterization of thermostable 2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase with broad temperature adaptability from Thermococcus onnurineus NA1
Xiao-pu Yin1, Qiu-yan Wang1, Shu-juan Zhao1, Peng-fei Du1, Kai-lin Xie1, Lihua Yang2, Peng Jin1, Jin-hua Liu2 and Tian Xie1*
1Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China.
2College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China.
Accepted 15 January, 2019
Abstract
The 2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase gene from Thermococcus onnurineus NA1 was sub cloned, over expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to apparent homogeneity. Analysis of the sequence of gene revealed an n of 681 base pairs encoding 227 amino acids predicted to yield a protein having molecular mass 25.3 kDa. The enzyme activity was optimal at 60°C and showed broad temperature adaptability, retaining more than 30% of its maximum activity when assayed at 10 to 75°C. The recombinant protein was heat stable; no activity loss was observed even after incubation at 80°C for 10 min. In addition, the thermophilic enzyme showed a remarkable resistance to acetaldehyde; it retained more than 45% activity after exposure for 20 h to 250 mM acetaldehyde at 25°C.
Key words: 2-Deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase, thermostable enzyme, broad temperature adaptability.
Peng-fei Du, Jin-hua Liu and Tian Xie*, Lihua Yang, Shu-juan Zhao, Qiu-yan Wang, Kai-lin Xie, Peng Jin, Xiao-pu Yin
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Aspects of bacterial colonization in newborn babies
Fariba Heshmati*, Seyeed Amir Yazdanparast , Seyeed Akbar Moosavi , Hussein Dargahi, and Farnaz Tabibzadeh
Department of Microbiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Hemmat Campus), Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 23 January, 2019
Abstract
The study of colonization of microbial flora in neonate is very important and finding the causative agent may lead to explore these infections in neonate. In this research the colonization in neonate was measured at the beginning and a few hours after birth. Sampling was performed in operating room, rooming in and nursery section. Some of the neonates deliver by rapture of membrane in normal way and the other deliver by caesarean section. All the samples which are collected were from these sites: 1 Forehead 2) Oral cavity 3) External ear 4) Auxiliary region 5) Umbilical region 6) Perennial region. Also we had some sampling from health care personnel who are worked in operating room or nursery section. At the time of sampling we used sterile gloves, mask and always sterile sets. Sampling was done by use of sterile swabs which were weltering by sterile phosphate buffer or sterile normal saline.Then this sterile swab scrubbed on the special surface of the body of neonate and directly transferred to BA plate, Mac agar plate, EMB agar plate and Sc agar plate and then streaked on these plates. The regions which were sampled ,numbered by 1 to 6 then in other hours once more the sampling were took place from the same site, therefore we began from number 7 to 12 and according to this method for example sampling from neonate A was showed by A1 to A12. The prevalent microorganisms in oral cavity were as follow: 63.5% GPC, 18.5% GPB and 11% GNC. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the major microorganism found in neonate forehead. No bacteria growth was found in 50% of samples through caesarean section. Staphylococcus and Diphtheroied constitute the highest colonization of neonate skin's microorganisms and their growth rates were low at the onset of the birth, but increased after 12 hours. Colonization of gram-negative bacteria in infant hours after birth considered to be an important issue that was studied in this research. Hence hand washing of health-care personnel’s can reduce such bacteria in infant. There was a significant decrease in (GNB) number due to hand washing, hence application of disinfectant solution in hand washing play an important role in controlling microorganisms in care unites.
Key words: Colonization, GPC (Gram- positive cocci), GPB (Gram-positive bacilli), GNC (Gram- negative cocci), GNB (Gram- negative bacilli), Microorganism.
Hussein Dargahi, Fariba Heshmati*, Seyeed Akbar Moosavi, Seyeed Amir Yazdanparast, and Farnaz Tabibzadeh
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