ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The prevalence of cattle ringworm in native dairy farms of Sarab city (East Azarbayjan province), Iran
J. Akbarmehr
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Sarab Branch, Sarab, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 06 January, 2019
Abstract
Ringworm is a fungal and zoonotic infectious disease, caused by different species of dermatophytes. Lesions of ringworm are usually found on the head, muzzle, ears, neck, and particularly, around the eyes of the infected animals. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cattle ringworm in native farms of Sarab city in Iran. A total number of 1150 cattle in native dairy farms of Sarab city were examined in this study from July 2007 till June 2008. The animals were classified into two age groups of less than 2 years and more than 2 years. Each animal was thoroughly examined for skin ringworm lesions, then, microscopic and culture examinations were carried out on samples obtained from ringworm lesions of infected animals. According to the results of this study among 1150 cattle, 188 of them (16.34%) were clinically positive for skin ringworm lesions. After microscopic and culture examinations, 150 animals (13.04%) were confirmed for dermatophyte infections. Trichophyton verrucosum was isolated in 100% of positive samples. The prevalence of ringworm among cattle less than 2 years and more than 2 years were 15 and 9% respectively, which showed significant difference between them. This study is the first research on the prevalence of cattle ringworm in Sarab city which indicated the relatively high prevalence of the disease and revealed the dominant role of T. verrucosom in cattle ringworm.
Key words: Ringworm, dermatophyte, cattle, Sarab.
J. Akbarmehr
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Isolation and characterization of a novel streptomyces strain Eri11 exhibiting antioxidant activity from the rhizosphere of Rhizoma Curcumae Longae
Kai Zhong1, Xia-Ling Gao 1, Zheng-Jun Xu1*, Li-Hua Li1, Rong-Jun Chen1 Xiao-JianDeng1, Hong Gao2, Kai Jiang1,3 and Isomaro Yamaguchi3
1Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR, China.
2College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR, China.
3Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Accepted 10 January, 2019
Abstract
In the present study, the phylogenetic analysis of the Streptomyces strain Eri11 isolated from the rhizosphere of Rhizoma Curcumae Longae and the antioxidant activity of the broth cultured with Eri11 were investigated. Analysis of 16S rDNA gene sequences demonstrated that the strains Eri11 was most closely related to representatives of the genera Streptomyces. The total phenols and flavonoids contents in cultured broth were detected to be13.59 ± 0.17 mg gallic acid equivalent/g and 9.93 ± 0.83 mg rutin equivalent/g, respectively. The cultured broth showed the antioxidant activity against the ABTS (2, 2’-Azinobis-3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals with IC50 (The half-inhibitory concentration) of 223.81 ± 24.50 μg/ml and 582.42 ± 83.10 μg/ml respectively. So, it was suggested that the isolated Streptomyces strain Eri11 could be a candidate for the nature resource of the antioxidants.
Key words: Streptomyces, phylogeny, cultured broth, antioxidant activity.
Li-Hua Li, Kai Jiang and Isomaro Yamaguchi, Zheng-Jun Xu*, Rong-Jun Chen Xiao-JianDeng, Hong Gao, Kai Zhong, Xia-Ling Gao
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Comparison of different detoxification methods for corn cob hemicelluose hydrolysate to improve ethanol production by Candida shehatae ACCC 20335
Jing-Ping Ge, Bai-Yan Cai, Guo-Ming Liu, Hong-Zhi Ling, Bao-Zhu Fang, Gang Song, Xiao-Feng Yang and Wen-Xiang Ping*
No 74, Nangang District, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Haerbin, 150080 P. R. China,
Accepted 28 January, 2019
Abstract
Corn cob hydrolysis with 1% (v/v) of sulfuric acid yielded 36.49 total reducing sugars (g/l) along with various fermentation inhibitors such as fufural, phenolics compounds and acetic acid. The acid hydrolysate detoxified with overliming plus activated charcoal brought about a maximum decrease in fufural (100%), acetic acid (62.4%) and phenolics compounds (96.6%). Treatment of hydrolysate with overliming caused 99, 51.4 and 16.7% loss in fufural, acetic acid and phenolics compounds, respectively. Fermentation by Candida shehatae ACCC 20335 showed a maximum yield of ethanol (0.31 g/g) and a productivity of 0.152 g/l/h with overliming plus activated charcoal treated hydrolysate.
Key words: Corn cob, detoxification, ethanol, fermentation, hydrolysate.
Hong-Zhi Ling, Bai-Yan Cai, Xiao-Feng Yang and Wen-Xiang Ping*, Gang Song, Jing-Ping Ge, Bao-Zhu Fang, Guo-Ming Liu
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Identification and characterization of 16 recent Chinese isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 (BVDV-2)
Tao J., Zhu l. Q., Lin Y. Q. and Zhu G. Q.*
College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Accepted 09 January, 2019
Abstract
Eighty calf blood samples were collected from different areas of China and were examined. Sixteen non cytopathic isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 (BVDV-2) were isolated by specific BVDV-2-directed RT-PCR and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were verified by the indirect immunofluorescence assay and the ultra-thin sections. Genes of 5'-UTR, E2 and Npro from all the 16 field isolates were sequenced. The sequence identities at the nucleotide and amino acid levels were higher than 99.0%. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the BVDV-2 USA strain, AzSpin, had the highest sequence homology with each of the Chinese isolates.
Key words: Bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 (BVDV-2), isolation and characterization, phylogenetic analysis.
Zhu l. Q., Lin Y. Q. and Zhu G. Q.*, Tao J.
Page: 1 - 5
Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
In vitro antimicrobial activity of leaf extract of Berlina grandiflora Hutch. and Dalz.
Akuodor G. C.1*, Onyewenjo S. C.2, Anyalewechi N. A.1, Essien A. D.3 Akpan J. L.4, Okoroafor D. O.5 and Okere M. O.6
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD) P. M. B. 21 Garki, Abuja, Nigeria.
2Departments of Biology/ Microbiology, Federal Polytechnic, Owerri, Nigeria.
3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria.
4Departments of Pharmacology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakiliki, Nigeria.
5Departments of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
6Laboratory Unit, Kings Care Hospital Abuja, Nigeria.
Accepted 19 January, 2019
Abstract
Antimicrobial properties of Berlina grandiflora Hutch. and Dalz. leaf extract were investigated against both clinical and laboratory isolates. Susceptibility of these isolates to the extract was determined using disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial screening had wide range of activity on Escherichia coli, Stapylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. The diameter of zone of inhibition by the extract was 7, 8.7 and 9 mm respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were 32.81, 19.38 and 11.72 µg/ml for E. coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus spp. Based on the current findings, it can be concluded that B. grandiflora has antimicrobial activity against certain microorganisms.
Key words: Berlina grandiflora, antimicrobial agent, minimum inhibition concentration, in vitro.
Okoroafor D. O and Okere M. O, Anyalewechi N. A, Onyewenjo S. C, Essien A. D Akpan J. L, Akuodor G. C*
Page: 1 - 3
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (2), pp. 001-010, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Surface display of multi-epitopes synthetic gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Salmonella typhi Ty21a using a pgsA anchor protein
Badrul S. M. Zainuddin1*, Mustaffa Musa2 and Zainul F. Zainuddin3
1Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
2School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian Kelantan, Malaysia.
3School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Accepted 08 January, 2019
Abstract
We have developed a recombinant Salmonella typhi Ty21a vaccine candidate (rSTvacIII) displaying a multi-epitopes mycobacterial antigen called the VacIII (containing ubiquitin and 4 immunogenic mycobacterial epitopes of ESAT-6, PhoS1, Hsp 16.3 and MTB 8.4 genes) on the surface of S. typhi Ty21a (Ty21a) using PgsA protein as a carrier. The expression of VacIII protein on the surface of Ty21a was verified by western blot. Immunization in BALB/c mice with rSTvacIII induced strong Th1-type responses based on high level of in vitro IFN- but low IL-4 secretion. Since the protective immunity against tuberculosis is mediated by Th1-type response, the rSTvacIII have potential as effective vaccine candidate against tuberculosis.
Key words: VacIII antigen, PgsA anchoring motif, tuberculosis, Salmonella typhi Ty21a.
Mustaffa Musa and Zainul F. Zainuddin, Badrul S. M. Zainuddin*
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