ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2012
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2012 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Detection and identification of groundwater bacteria in Sebha City, Libya
Salem, A. Mahfouz1 F. M. Shaieb2 and A.E.K Elzen1
1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Sebha University, Libya.
2Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Omar Almukhtar University, Libya.
Accepted 8 August , 2011
Abstract
Drinking water systems supplied by untreated groundwater were examined to determine whether coliform or heterotrophic plate count bacteria are capable of growing. Filterable bacteria were present in 42% of the 46 groundwater sources examined by using nonselective media (R2A and full strength m-HPC agars). Pseudomonads were the most frequently identified group of filterable bacteria detected. Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes, Acinetobacter and Achromobacter isolates were also identified. Total coliforms were recovered only from six samples taken from wells near the wastewater lagoon, following filtration through 0.45-µm-pore-size membrane filters by using selective M- Endo LES agar or mT7 agar. In addition, none of the isolates identified from nonselective media were coliforms. Similarly, neither total coliforms nor specifically Escherichia coli were detected in these filtrates when Colilert P/A medium was used
Key words: ground water, contamination, Flavobacterium, Alcaligenes, Acinetobacter, Achromobacterand E. coli
A. Mahfouz F. M. Shaieb and A.E.K Elzen, Salem
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Halophilic fungi in a polyhaline estuarine habitat
Valerie Gonsalves, Shweta Nayak and Sarita Nazareth*
Department of Microbiology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa-403206, India.
Accepted 23 April, 2011
Abstract
Halophilic mycobiota was isolated from Mandovi estuary and it was dominated by Aspergillus and Penicillium species. Cladosporium and Eurotium were found in lesser numbers while obligate halophiles were found only amongst the aspergilla and they were all identified as Aspergillus penicillioides. Some aspergilli and all the isolates of Penicillium, Cladosporium and Eurotium were facultative halophiles. There were significant differences in growth of each isolate at different salt concentrations. Most of the isolates were euryhaline, having a wide range of salt tolerance; a few were stenohaline, with a narrow range of halotolerance. The isolates were mainly moderate halophiles, with a very few slight halophiles. Isolation of obligate halophilic fungi from polyhaline environment of an estuary is hereby reported for the first time.
Key words: Aspergillus penicillioides, obligate halophiles, facultative halophiles.
Shweta Nayak and Sarita Nazareth*, Valerie Gonsalves
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Studies on wine production from pawpaw (Carica papaya)
Idise Okiemute Emmanuel* and Ofiyai Odoyo
Department of Microbiology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
Accepted 18 April, 2011
Abstract
Wine was produced from pawpaw (Carica papaya) at a ratio of 1:4 for pawpaw must: water in fermentation vessels A to D. Fermentation vessel A pawpaw must contained natural yeast and water; B contained natural yeast from pawpaw and sugar solution; C contained natural yeast, activated baker’s yeast and sugar solution; and D (control) contained sugar solution and Baker’s yeast. Pawpaw wines produced had average values of 3.84, 29.6, 0.628, 0.9950, 0.464, 1.348, 6.66 and 0.54; 3.76, 29.6, 0.631, 1.0036, 0.623, 1.358, 6.89 and 0.37; 3.86, 29.8, 0.718, 0.9994, 0.419, 1.354, 6.32 and 0.78; and 3.33, 29.6, 0.659, 0.9974, 0.216, 1.351, 6.72 and 0.8 for pH, temperature (°C), optical density (at 560 nm), specific gravity, percentage titratable acidity, percentage alcohol (v/v), total aerobic count (log10cfu/ml) and retardation factor (Rf) (cm). Fermentation was carried out for 144 h, and it was observed that malo-lactic fermentation after 48 h was evident. Testing of the wine’s taste showed very little differences in the wines from Recipes A – C, while statistical analyses at 95% confidence level showed no significant differences. The wine from the control had similar taste and characteristics with natural palm wine. Pawpaw wine could thus be produced for immediate consumption, or preserved by refrigeration using Recipes A - C. More research is, however, required to determine the shelf stability of the pawpaw wine.
Key words: Pawpaw, flora, fermentation, sugar, wine, flavor, yeast.
Idise Okiemute Emmanuel*, Ofiyai Odoyo
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In vitro antimicrobial studies of Nodulisporium specie: An endophytic fungus
S. Rehman1*, Tariq Mir2, A. Kour1, P. H. Qazi1, P. Sultan1 and A. S. Shawl1
1Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Sanatnagar, Srinagar, India.
2Maternity and Child Hospital, Dammam, India
Accepted 5 April, 2011
Abstract
Nodulisporium sp. an endophytic fungus identified by 28s ribosomal gene sequencing isolated from a medicinal plant, Nothapodytes foetida was studied for its in vitro antimicrobial activity. Dual culture studies were carried out for antifungal activity where maximum antagonistic activity was against Alternaria alternata and Colletotrichum gleosporoides. For antibacterial studies, Gram positive and Gram negative human pathogens strains were used. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of Nodulipsporium showed appreciable growth inhibition mainly active against disease causing Gram positive bacteria.
Key words: Nothapodytes foetida, endophytes, antagonism, antimicrobial, Nodulisporium, sp., pathogen, bacteria, minimum inhibitory concentration.
S. Rehman*, A. Kour, P. H. Qazi, Tariq Mir, P. Sultan and A. S. Shawl
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Production of cellulase by different co-culture of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum from waste paper, cotton waste and baggase
M. Jayant1*, J. Rashmi2, M. Shailendra3 and Y. Deepesh4
1Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology BioAxis DNA Research Centre Pvt Ltd, Lucknow, India.
2Research Scholar Department of Surgical Oncology Banaras Hindu University-Varanasi, India.
3Saroj Institute of Technology and Management, Lucknow, India.
4College S.I.T.M. Lucknow, India.
Accepted 21 February 2011
Abstract
Cellulases are a group of hydrolytic enzymes capable of degrading cellulose to the smaller glucose units. These enzymes are produced by fungi and bacteria. The solid waste of sugar, paper and industry using baggase, paper waste and cotton waste was fermented by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum in solid state fermentation. There is attempts to transfer the various industrial carbon waste to veterinary proteins depend on microorganisms by using of chemical process. The study indicates that the cellulases obtained from compatible mixed cultures simultaneous mixing of both fungi have more enzyme activity as compared to their pure cultures and other combinations. The fermentation experiments were performed in solid stat fermentation (SSF). Incubation time, carbon sources and initial pH of fermentation medium was optimized with simultaneous mixed culture. It was revealed that the newspaper at pH = 5 and 40°C was the best source of carbon for the enhanced production of cellulase in the compatible mixed culture experiments after 8 days of incubation. Based on the reported results, it may be concluded that industrial carbon waste can be a potential substrate for production of cellulase, incorporation of co-culturing A. niger and P. chrysogenum. The aim of this work is to produce cellulase from waste paper and reduce the pollution.
Key words: Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, cellulase, culture.
M. Shailendra and Y. Deepesh, J. Rashmi, M. Jayant*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Generation of a cDNA library reveals the presence of a Ty-1/copia transposon in Phellinus rimosus (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota)
Luis Cesar Maffei Sartini Paulillo1, Sizenando José de Andrade Junior2, Abelmon da Silva Gesteira3, Marco Brotto4,5 and Aristóteles Góes-Neto2
1Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências - FTC, Mestrado Profissional em Bioenergia. Av. Luis Viana Filho, 8812, Pituaçu,
Salvador, CEP 41.741-490, BA - Brasil.
2PPG Biotecnologia UEFS/Fiocruz-BA. Av. Transnordestina s.nº, Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, – CEP 44.036-900, BA – Brasil.
3Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical. Rua Embrapa, s/nº. Cruz das Almas, CEP 44380-000, BA – Brasil.
4Muscle Biology Research Group-MUBIG, Schools of Nursing, Medicine, and Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, 64108. Missouri. USA.
5International Visiting Professor and Researcher, Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa-CNPq and Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências-FTC, Salvador, Brasil.
Accepted 22 February, 2011
Abstract
Lignocellulolytic fungi have significant potential as bio-convertors with a particular capacity to degrade recalcitrant natural composts, such as lignin. We generated a cDNA library of a lignocellulolytic fungus, the Phellinus rimosus (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota), and a typical species of polypore mushroom from the Brazilian semi-arid region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report ever to describe the existence of a Ty1-copia retrotransposon in the P. rimosus species. Given the taxonomic complexity in the Brazilian semi-arid region, our findings will be useful as they provide a molecular identity to this important parasite species of the semi-arid region of Brazil.
Key words: Lignocellulolytic fungi, biotechnology, Phellinus rimosus, Ty-1 copia, Brazilian semi-arid region, molecular marker.
Abelmon da Silva Gesteira, Sizenando José de Andrade Junior, Marco Brotto and Aristóteles Góes-Neto, Luis Cesar Maffei Sartini Paulillo
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