ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Haematological parameters in blood of maedi-visna virus-infected and uninfected sheep
Serkal Gazyagci1*, Ahmet Kursat Azkur2, and Muhammet Eren Aslan2
1Kirikkale University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, TR-71450 Kirikkale, Türkiye.
2Kirikkale University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, TR-71450 Kirikkale, Türkiye.
Accepted 19 January, 2019
Abstract
The maedi-visna virus (MVV) classified as a lentivirus of the retroviridae family, causes a very common economically important disease in sheep, in many parts of the worlds. Presences of the infection in Turkey have been shown by researches in previous studies. In this study all blood samples were examined by ELISA and PCR to detect MVV antibody and antigen responses, respectively. Hematological findings were monitored and comparing antibody and antigen positive naturally infected (n= 5), antibody positive and antigen negative (n=20), antibody and antigen negative (n=20) in sheep was done. When infected sheep were compared with control sheep, Hgb and MPV parameters were shown statistically different (P 0.001). These findings suggested that MVV infections should be considered as an important health risk for sheep flock and Hgb and MPV blood parameters may be helpful to diagnosis of MVV.
Key words: ELISA, hematology, lentivirus, PCR, sheep.
Serkal Gazyagci*, Ahmet Kursat Azkur and Muhammet Eren Aslan
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The respiratory syncytial virus may not always be responsible for Bronchiolitis in children
Gülsen Meral Sezer1*, Emel Kabako lu Ünsür1, Semra Kayao lu2 and Faruk Akçay1
1Kagithane State Hospital, Specialty in Pediatrics, Istanbul, 34415, Turkey.
2Nisantasi Family Health Center, Specialty in Family Medicine, Istanbul, 34365, Turkey.
Accepted 23 January, 2019
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the viral agents and the viral profile in children under 5 years of age who are referred to our hospital due to acute wheezing. The nasal smears of 55 children who were referred to Kagithane State Hospital from now on (KSH) with acute wheezing between November 2009 and March 2010 were analyzed with multiplex PCR and the distribution of respiratory virus detected in these smears was evaluated retrospectively. Out of fifty five children whose nasal smear results were evaluated, 22 (40%) were male and 33 (60%) were female. The age range was 3 months to 5 years. The nasal smears revealed that one patient (2%) had adenovirus, 11 patients (20%) had Rhinovirus A-B, one patient (2%) had Rhinovirus C which is not previously encountered in our country, 5 patients (9%) had RSV-A, 16 patients (29%) had RSV-B and one patient was diagnosed with co-infection of RSV-A and Rhinovirus A-B. This retrospective study is conducted to find out the epidemiologic strategy of viral agents in acute lower respiratory illnesses to modify the treatment protocols and to reduce the mortality which we hope will contribute to the literature.
Key words: Wheezing, lower tract respiratory illness, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, rhinovirus.
Semra Kayao lu and Faruk Akçay, Gülsen Meral Sezer*, Emel Kabako lu Ünsür
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-011, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Screening of lactobacilli bacteria isolated from gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens for their use as probiotic
R. Majidzadeh Heravi1, H. Kermanshahi1, M. Sankian2*, M. R. Nassiri3, A. Heravi Moussavi1, L. Roozbeh Nasiraii4 and A. R. Varasteh5*
1The excellence center for Animal Science and Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2Immuno-Biochemistry lab., Immunology Research Center, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Mashad, Iran.
3The research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi Universiry of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
4Department of Food science, Nour branch, Islamic azad university, Nour, Iran.
5Immuno-Biochemistry Lab, Allergy Research Center, Medical School, Mashad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Accepted 23 January, 2019
Abstract
A study was conducted to isolate lactobacilli from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of broiler chickens and to evaluate their application as a probiotic supplement. The GI contents of 12 broiler chickens from three different ages were collected and cultured on Man Rogosa and Sharp (MRS) agar. In order to determine bacterial species, different grown colonies were separated and subjected to the sequencing of the 16s ribosomal DNA fragment. An auto-aggregation test was performed for 39 isolated lactobacilli bacteria. Eight species were selected because of their convenient aggregation. In vitro tests including antibacterial activity, resistance to low pH, resistance to bile extract, ability to produce H2O2, cell surface hydrophobicity and adhesion activities on crop epithelial cells were performed for evaluating of probiotic potential for each strain. These tests were ranked according to their priority for probiotic strains. The total score obtained from different experiments is indicator of suitable strain. Under the in vitro conditions and with respects to the probiotic traits, Lactobacillus salivarius caeca4 and Lactobacillus crispatus caeca10 were suggested as probiotic strain, and can be evaluated in an in vivo conditions of commercial birds.
Key words: Lactobacilli, probiotic, gastrointestinal tract, chicken.
A. Heravi Moussavi, H. Kermanshahi, M. Sankian*, L. Roozbeh Nasiraii and A. R. Varasteh*, M. R. Nassiri, R. Majidzadeh Heravi
Page: 1 - 11
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-010, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Aerobic composting of water lettuce for preparation of phosphorus enriched organic manure
Sadia Kanwal1*, Shazia Iram1, Matiullah Khan2 and Iftikhar Ahmad2
1Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
2Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Accepted 19 January, 2019
Abstract
In this study, rock phosphate (RP- compost) enriched composts were prepared by mixing rock phosphate with water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) with and without effective microbes. The treatment comprised of four types and includes control plant material (water lettuce), water lettuce and rock phosphate (WL+RP), water lettuce, rock phosphate, effective microorganisms (WL+RP+EM) and water lettuce, rock phosphate, effective microorganisms and urea (WL+RP+EM+Urea). The present investigation indicates that the nutrients availability was enhanced in the compost with the time span. RP-compost had higher total and available P than normal compost. Inoculation with effective microorganisms increased total P, available P and other nutrient contents in the compost like N, K, Zn and B. The trend of pH shows the production of organic acids in the compost was in the ascending order in the initial days, and it was descending after 45 days. Electrical conductivity (EC) of the compost increase with the time span which shows the availability of the nutrients. The soluble phosphorus was decreased in the initial days of the composting while trend became ascending after 45 days of the composting. The trend of the nitrogen release was similar to the phosphorus, but the released nitrogen remained below the content in the control. The trend of available P in the treatments remained as it was decreasing in the control but the availability of the phosphorus was increased in the other treatments particularly in the treatment where WL, RP, EM and urea was applied. This treatment was recorded as P enriched compost, because carbon to nitrogen ratio was also stabilized in this treatment. Thus, RP enriched compost could be an alternative and viable technology to utilize both low grade RPs and re-use water lettuce plant efficiently.
Key words: Compost, rock phosphate, water lettuce, effective microbes, urea.
Matiullah Khan and Iftikhar Ahmad, Shazia Iram, Sadia Kanwal*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Better criterion screening for left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram with different purposes
Ai Song1, Tian Chang Li1*, Ning Li Wang2*, Yuan Bo Liang2,3 and Yi Peng2
1Tongren Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
2Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China.
3Handan Eye Hospital, Hebei Province, China.
Accepted 10 February, 2019
Abstract
According to the recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram (ECC) of AHA/ACCF/HRS declared in 2009, there are more than 30 criteria for diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The sensitivity of the various criteria is generally quite low. However, the specificity of ECG in LVH could be 85 to 90%, acting as a strong predictor for cardiovascular events. To investigate the proper criteria in epidemiological screening with different purpose, 5209 qualified ECG out of 6830 people were selected from cross-sectional Handan eye study. Two criteria were chosen: (1) Sokolow-Lyon index, sum of SV1+RV5 or V6 35 mm; (2) Cornell voltage duration product, men: (SV3+RaVL)×QRS duration 2440 ms; women: (SV3+(RaVL+8 mV))×QRS duration 2440 ms. The ECG-LVH group contains 829 individuals (12.18% of the cohort), including 607 by Sokolow-Lyon index and 278 by Cornell voltage duration product. After data estimation, we found that there were no statistical differences between ECG-LVH population and normal population. While evaluated these data in the group that have retinopathy without diabetes, the Sokolow- Lyon index and Cornell voltage duration product were statistically different with normal population (P= 0.023 and P= 0.014, respectively). We use the simple MiniMental State Examination (MMSE) to evaluated the mental status of the population and found that when the score was above 15, there was no statistically different between the positive and negative people in Sokolow-Lyon index (P= 0.135); however, in evaluated Cornell voltage duration product, there was statistical difference (P=0.001). When we evaluated the data associated with atherosclerotic factors, we found no differences in Cornell voltage-duration product; as for the Sokolow -Lyon index, the differences were shown in systolic blood pressure, total cholesterols and uric acid (P= 0.03, 0.04 and 0.04, respectively). Different criterion should be chosen for different purposes. For atherosclerotic screening or epidemiological survey of cardiovascular diseases, the Sokolow-Lyon index might be better. If we use the criterion for epidemiological ophthalmology such as our Handan eye study, both Sokolow-Lyon index and Cornell voltage duration product could be used. As for the evaluation of mental status and its relationship with the LVH risk factors, we might choose Cornell voltage duration product.
Key words: Left ventricular hypertrophy, electrocardiagram, Sokolow-L(l)yon index, Cornell voltage-duration product.
Ai Song, Tian Chang Li*, Yuan Bo Liang and Yi Peng, Ning Li Wang*
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (3), pp. 001-008, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Study on productivity of epilithic algae in Urumqi River Basin in Northwest China
Li Lanhai, Mupenzi Jean de la Paix*, Chen Xi, Achal Varenyam, Bao Amning and Habiyaremye Gabriel
State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,
Chinese Academy of Science, 818 Beijing Road, South Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China.
Accepted 10 January, 2019
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to make a deep investigation on the concentration of chlorophyll a and ash-free dry mass (AFDM) estimates for algae growing on stones in Urumqi River located in an arid region of northwest China. The study was conducted on three sites. A highly improved method for measuring primary productivity in situ was used to estimate the primary production of algae growing on rocks (or algae epilithic) deposited in surface water. The results showed a low biomass with mean chlorophyll a content that was estimated at 5.9 mg/m 2 in the Urumqi River. Of the three sites studied, the mean gross primary productivity of periphyton was 394.89 mgC/m2 day and AFDM 344.75 mg/m2. The analysis of correlation between chlorophyll a and altitude was found to be a curve of anti- hyperbola. Total phosphorus and chlorophyll a was in equilibrium with that between chlorophyll a and total nitrogen.
Key words: Epilithic algae, phytoplankton productivity, chlorophyll a, ash-free dry mass (AFDM).
Li Lanhai, Achal Varenyam, Mupenzi Jean de la Paix*, Chen Xi, Bao Amning and Habiyaremye Gabriel
Page: 1 - 8