ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (10), pp. 001-009, October, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A potential new isolate for the production of a thermostable extracellular α- amylase
Ahmed, A. Alkando, Hanan Moawia Ibrahim*
Central Laboratory, Ministry of Science and Technology, Sudan.
Accepted 15 July, 2018
Abstract
Two hundred and seventy Bacillus species were isolated from soil samplse in Khartoum State and tested for α- amylase production. 20 potential isolates of α- amylase producer were obtained during primary screening. Secondary screening of these isolates yielded a high thermostable alkaline α-amylase producing isolate. Of all the species tested, Bacillus licheniformis gave maximum α-amylase activity of 0.7947 U/mg/ml at pH of 8 in iodine method, and (0.024 U/mg/ml) in 3.5.dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. Characterization of the extra-cellular crude α- amylase was further evaluated for its biochemical properties as an enzyme for industrial use. The production of α- amylase following growth of the microorganism was found to be at optimum temperature and pH of 70°C and 9.0, respectively.
Key words: Thermostable α- amylase, alkaline α- amylase, Bacillus licheniformis.
A. Alkando, Ahmed , Hanan Moawia Ibrahim*
Page: 1 - 9
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Utility of IS1245 -IS1311 based PCR typing system for Mycobacterium avium isolates obtained from clinical and environmental sources
G. P. S. Jadaun1, Prashant Upadhyay1, Zafar Ahmed1, Ram Das1, Deepti Parashar2, D. S. Chauhan1, V. D. Sharma1 and V. M. Katoch3*
1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases(Indian Council of Medical Research), P. O. Box 1101, Dr. M. Miyazaki Marg, Tajganj, Agra 282001, India.
2National Institute of Virology (ICMR) Pune, India.
3Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India and Director General, Indian Council of Medical Research Post Box No. 4911 Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110029.
Accepted 14 May, 2018
Abstract
In the present study, twenty four Mycobacterium avium isolates obtained from clinical (sputum) and environmental (water and soil) samples were analyzed by a PCR typing method. Gel electrophoresis patterns showed that a single PCR reaction generated 21 profiles. Based on the relatedness of the PCR band patterns six isolates could be grouped in three clusters. Results have the implication that the PCR based system could be used as a simple and rapid method for molecular typing of M. avium isolates with high discriminatory index.
Key words: IS1245, IS1311, Mycobacterium avium, PCR typing.
Ram Das, D. S. Chauhan, Zafar Ahmed, Deepti Parashar, G. P. S. Jadaun, V. D. Sharma and V. M. Katoch*, Prashant Upadhyay
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Some new results on affinity hemodialysis and T cell recovery
R. O. Ayeni1*, A. O. Popoola1 and J. K. Ogunmoyela2
1Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
2Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure Nigeria.
Accepted 29 July, 2018
Abstract
We provide criteria under which affinity hemodialysis could provide a stable infected equilibrium.
Key words: Affinity hemodialysis, HIV/AIDS envelope protein, stability criteria.
R. O. Ayeni*, A. O. Popoola and J. K. Ogunmoyela
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus
E. A. Ophori*, P. Imade and E. J. Johnny
1Department of Microbiology, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
Accepted 6 April, 2018
Abstract
This study was to investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in patients clinically diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates. One hundred and thirty type 2 diabetics comprising 56 males and 74 females (aged between 30- 59 years) attending the Central Hospital, Benin- City, Nigeria were studied. Mid-stream urines were collected from patients who gave informed consent aseptically into sterile McCartney bottles and examined microscopically, culturally using standard techniques and tested for glucose, post-prandial glucose, protein and ketone using a dipstick. Samples were cultured on blood agar, McConkey agar and cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) media and incubated at 37°C aerobically for 24 h. Isolates were tested against antibiotics which included tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole by the disc diffusion method. White blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC) were detected in 87 and 6% of samples while ketones and proteins were 6% and 96% respectively present in the samples. Significant bacteriuria (≥105 cfu /ml) was observed in some samples. Bacteria isolated included Escherichia coli with a prevalence of 56.9%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.5%) and Proteus sp. (6.3%). E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus and Proteus sp. were most sensitive to cotrimazaxole, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin but a large number of bacteria were resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and ampicillin. The misuse of some antibiotics is a major factor responsible for bacterial resistance. Therefore, treatment of ASB in diabetics must be by drugs prescribed by physicians after proper laboratory analysis.
Key words: Bacteriuria, type 2 diabetes mellitus, antibiotics, Nigeria, white blood cell, red blood cell.
P. Imade and E. J. Johnny, E. A. Ophori*
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (9), pp. 001-005, September, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Intestinal helminth infection and anaemia during regnancy: A community based study in Ghana
S. E. Baidoo1, 2, S. C. K. Tay1, K. Obiri-Danso3 and H. H. Abruquah4*
1Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
2Department of Laboratory Technology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
3Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
4Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Accepted 2 February, 2018
Abstract
Intestinal helminths are among the most common and widespread of human infections, contributing to poor nutritional status, anaemia and impaired growth. Anaemia and iron deficiency in pregnancy is a major public health problem in developing countries, but their causes are not always known. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of anaemia and iron deficiency and their association with helminths, among pregnant women in the Ashanti region of Ghana. A cohort study was carried out in the Sekyere, East district of the Ashanti region of Ghana. One hundred and eight (108) pregnant women were followed until 5-10 weeks postpartum, during the period of (December 2005 - November 2006). Haemoglobin and total serum iron concentrations were evaluated in venous blood samples, and helminths infections evaluated in stool samples in each trimester using standard methods. Most of the 108 pregnant women, 54.9% were found to be anaemic. The highest prevalence of anaemia and low iron stores (57.4 and 32.4%, respectively) were found in the second trimester. Only 17.6% had evidence of helminths infection, with NECATOR AMERICANUS (hookworm) being the commonest (13.9%). There was a significant association between hookworm infection and low iron stores. The study concluded that hookworm infection is a strong predictor of iron status. These findings reinforce the need to provide anthelminthic therapy to infected women before conception as a public health strategy in reducing the prevalence of hookworm infection, and in addition to providing nutritional and iron supplements to effectively control anaemia in pregnancy.
Key words: Intestinal helminth, anaemia, paragravids, primigravids.
K. Obiri-Danso and H. H. Abruquah*, S. E. Baidoo, S. C. K. Tay
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (9), pp. 001-008, September, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Isolation and molecular characterization of Flavobacterium columnare strains from fish in Brazil
F. A. Sebastião1, F. Pilarski1* and M. V. F. Lemos2
1Aquaculture Center of São Paulo State University - CAUNESP, Rod. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n Bairro Rural, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900, Brazil.
2Universidade Estadual Paulista, Department of Applied Biology for Agriculture, Rod. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n Bairro Rural, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900, Brazil.
Accepted 5 July, 2018
Abstract
Flavobacterium columnare, the etiologic agent of columnaris disease, has a broad geographical distribution and accounts for a large number of mortalities in fish species. This study aimed to generate a faster method for diagnosis of columnaris through isolation and characterization of the F. columnare 16S rDNA gene from bacteria isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus). The bacteria were characterized biochemically and by PCR-RFLP. For isolation, rasping with “swab” was performed directly on the characteristic lesions and the cephalic kidney of the fish then transferred to culture medium suitable for Flavobacterium. DNA was extracted for PCR and digestion with restriction enzymes. Altogether, 37 isolates were obtained. Biochemical assays included testing of absorption of Congo red, production of flexirrubin, production of H2S, nitrate reduction and motility. The results indicated that the isolates can be classified as F. columnare. The phylogram generated by the PCR-RFLP technique showed three main branches among of the F. columnare isolates. Therefore, the use of PCR-RFLP for identification of the bacteria was shown to be a more efficient and rapid tool than current biochemical techniques, which are time consuming and often inconclusive.
Key words: Fish, Flavobacterium columnare, PCR-RFLP, 16S rDNA.
F. A. Sebastião, F. Pilarski* and M. V. F. Lemos
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