Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2017 International Scholars Journals

Full length Research Paper

Plant growth promoting activities of fluorescent pseudomonads associated with some crop plants

A. Suresh, P. Pallavi, P. Srinivas, V. Praveen Kumar, S. Jeevan Chandra and S. Ram Reddy*

Department of Microbiology, Kakatiya University, Warangal- 506009 (A.P), India.

Accepted 13 March, 2017

Abstract

Fluorescent pseudomonads (FP), a major component of rhizobacteria, promote the plant growth through their multifarious activities. In the present investigations, 10 strains of fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the rhizosphere soils of bajra (Pennisetum glaucum), jowar (Sorghum vulgare), rice (Oryza sativa) and maize (Zea mays) were screened for their plant growth promoting activity based on their ability to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophores, proteases, indole acetic acid (IAA), broad spectrum antifungal activity against pathogenic fungi and phosphate solubilization. The results indicated that most of the isolates tested possess plant growth promoting traits. These isolates can be used as potential biofertilizers and also as biocontrol agents.

Key words: PGPR, indole acetic acid, hydrogen cyanide, protease, phosphate solubilization, antagonism.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2017 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Bacteria associated with bovine dermatophilosis in Zaria, Nigeria

J. S. Dalis¹*, H. M. Kazeem², A. A. Makinde¹ and M. Y. Fatihu²

¹National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria.

²Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Accepted 18 March, 2017

Abstract

A study was carried out to determine the type of bacteria associated with bovine dermatophilosis in Zaria, Nigeria. Skin samples obtained from two hundred and eleven cattle with skin lesions suspected to be dermatophilosis were processed for bacteriology. One hundred and sixty-seven (79.1%) samples were positive for Dermatophilus congolensis, while 44 (20.9%) were negative. Both D. congolensis-positive and D. congolensis-negative samples were processed for isolation of other bacteria and the data was analyzed using Chi square test. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus spp, Corynebacterium spp., Escherichia coli, Proteus spp and Pseudomonas spp . were isolated from both D. congolensis-positive and D. congolensis-negative scabs. However, the rate of recovery of S. aureus from D. congolensis-positive cattle was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the rate of its recovery from D. congolensis negative cattle. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the occurrence of the other isolates in D. congolensis- positive and D.congolensis-negative cattle. It was concluded that S. aureus could be a major complicating factor in naturally occurring dermatophilosis of cattle. The need to investigate the role of bacteria particularly that of S. aureus in the development of bovine dermatophilosis was emphasized.

Key words: Dermatophilus congololensis, bovine skin, associated bacteria, Zaria, Nigeria.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2017 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Moulds on paintings in Serbian fine art museums

Jelena Vukojevi and Milica Ljaljevi Grbi*

Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Accepted 19 May, 2016

Abstract

The main reasons of fungal expansion in museums are inadequate relative humidity and temperature and the spore’s germination can be controlled by regulation of these two factors. Numerous paintings, originated from 11 Serbian museums, were analyzed for presence of moulds. Samples from canvas, dyes and wooden frames with visual changes were subjected to the analysis. Species of genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Drechslera, Epicoccum, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Trichoderma, Ulocladium and Wardomyces were isolated and identified. Some of the found species are known as potential producers of lignocellulolytic enzymes and other destructive metabolites, as well as causative agents of human diseases.

Key words: icromycetes, paintings, dyes, fungal deterioration.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2017 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Microbiological impacts of produce water discharges in nearshore shallow marine waters near Chevron’s Escravos tank farm, Nigeria

Chuma C. Okoro

Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Caleb University, Lagos, Nigeria.

E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 08033072754, 01-7430285.

Accepted 14 January, 2017

Abstract

Microbiological and Physicochemical survey was undertaken in produced water and its receiving environment with the aim of verifying the likely impacts of produced water constituents on the immediate receiving marine near shore shallow environment. The sampling was carried out in two seasons, late wet season and late dry season. The results obtained indicate that the chemical constituents of the discharged produce water are capable of sustaining microbial growth and proliferation. Produce water from Escravos tank farm had relatively moderate concentrations of hydrocarbon utilizing microorganisms and sulphate reducing bacteria and the concentration of these organisms were much higher at the point of discharge of the produced water. Physicochemical analysis showed that Produce water had lower salinity and sulphate levels than the receiving marine water but the reverse was the case with the BOD, COD and Hydrocarbon constituents. The two seasons under investigation showed similar results. From the analytical data, it can be advanced that the impacts of produced water microbial flora on the receiving environment is limited to the vicinity of the discharge point of about 100 m in diameter and also to some extent up to a distance of 500 m upstream along the direction of flow of produced water discharges. It is expected that while the hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms plays a beneficial role of degrading and detoxifying abundant produced water hydrocarbons in the sediment and the surface water, Sulphate reducing bacteria might at the same time be playing a detrimental role of oxidizing certain organic compounds or hydrogen and reducing sulphate and other reduced sulphur compounds in the marine water and sediment to hydrogen sulphide which can be very toxic to bacteria, aquatic animals and man.

Key words: Produced water, sulphate reducing bacteria, hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2017 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Molecular detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among voluntary blood donor's HBsAg positive in shahrekord, Iran

Elahe Tajbakhsh^1*, Hassan Momtaz², Manouchehr Momeni³ and Sodabe Hamedi⁴

¹Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch, P.O.Box:166, Shahrekord, Iran.

²Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch-Shahrekord- Iran.

³Biotechnology center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch- Shahrekord- Iran.

⁴Biostatistic Medical University, Zabol, Iran.

Accepted 19 May, 2016

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus, a common cause of viral hepatitis, consumes a large portion of health resources in developing countries. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence has been decreased dramatically in Iran population during the last decade, and now it is classified as having low endemicity for hepatitis B infection. Improvement of the people’s awareness about HBV risk factors, national vaccination program since 1993 for all neonates, and vaccination of high risk groups could be the cause of this decrease. In this investigation, we announce the detection of HBV- DNA sequence from 90 HBsAg positive blood donors in shahrekord by nested PCR, using specific primers of the surface antigen region of the HBV genome. Of the 11472 volunteer blood donors admitted to Shahrekord blood transfusion organization center in Iran during 2007 - 2008, 90 specimens were positive for HBsAg. From 90 HBsAg positive serum samples, 75 specimens were positive in PCR.

Key words: Blood donors, HBsAg positive, Hepatitis B, Iran, PCR, Shahrekord.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2017 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Screening and fermentation optimization of microbial lipid-producing molds from forest soils

Gao-Qiang Liu^1,2*, Qin-Lu Lin², Xian-Chun Jin³, Xiao-Ling Wang¹and Yan Zhao¹

¹College of Life Sciences and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P.R. China.

²National Engineering Laboratory for Grain Further Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, P. R. China.

³College of Life Science, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China.

Accepted 22 June, 2016

Abstract

Sixty-one isolates including molds, yeasts and bacteria from the forest soils collected from Hunan Province, China were tested for their potentiality to accumulate microbial lipid as alternative sources for biodiesel production. The results showed that sixteen mold isolates were potential oleaginous microorganisms, among which, strain SCIM 3.009 was the best lipid producers, which may accumulate up to 50.4% of lipids in dry biomass. Further study showed that the components profile of the lipid from strain SCIM 3.009 had the similar characters to that of vegetable oil, abundant in low degree unsaturated long chain fatty acid (C18:1) and saturated long chain fatty acids (C16:0), suggesting the lipid is a potential source for biodiesel production. Based on the morphology and a commercial identification system, the strain SCIM 3.009 was found to be Thamnidium ctenidium. To enhance the lipid production by the strain, the fermentation parameters were optimized, the optimium conditions were as follows: glucose as carbon source with initial concentration 60 g/L, NH₄NO₃ as nitrogen source at 3.0 g/L, culture temperature was 30°C, initial pH = 6.5, culture volume was 50 mL in a 250 mL flask, agitation speed was 220 rpm. Results on verification of the optimium conditions in a 5 L stirred-tank bioreactor reveal that the strain accumulate up to 66.02% of lipids in dry biomass and the lipid yield significantly enhanced from 6.4 ± 0.39 to 13.6 ± 0.37 g/L, while biomass enhanced from 12.7 ± 0.72 to 20.6 ± 0.52 g/L.

Key words: Biodiesel, microbial lipid, oleaginous microorganism, strains screening, submerged fermentation.