Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2015

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2015 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of in vitro solubilization potential of phosphate solubilising Streptomyces isolated from phyllosphere of Heritiera fomes (mangrove)

Nibha Gupta¹*, Dolly Sahoo¹ and Uday Chand Basak²

¹Department of Microbiology, Division of Biotechnology, Regional Plant Resource, Centre, Bhubaneswar -751 015 Orissa, India.

²Division of Taxonomy and Conservation, Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneswar -751 015 Orissa, India.

Accepted 12 November, 2014

Abstract

Phosphate solubilising ability of five Streptomyces isolated from the phyllosphere of Heritiera fomes grown in Bhitarkanika mangrove ecosystem was evaluated using tricalcium phosphate (TCP) in both plates and broth culture conditions as well as with and without NaCl. Streptomyces ST24 showed highest solubilization of TCP, with 50.8 and 48.0 mm of halo zone in the plate assay done at pH 7.2 and temperatures 30 and 37°C. Streptomyces ST21, ST24 and ST26 showed good solubilization of TCP in culture medium with 52.15, 50.77 and 52.07 µg/ml, respectively. The requirement of NaCl for better solubilization of TCP was observed in all Streptomyces. However, ST23 and ST24 showed solubilization activity without addition of NaCl. Thus the solubilization potential varies among different isolates of Streptomyces. It also differed according to incubation period. Over all, the best solubilization ability of all test Streptomyces could be observed in the presence of 0.2% NaCl. The solubilization might be due to production of acids by the culture, since the pH of the culture broth was changed from initial pH of 7.2 and 9.0 to lower pH values.

Key words: Phosphate solubilization, Streptomyces, mangrove, salt, NaCl.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2015

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2015 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Degradation of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) by bacterial isolates from cultivated and uncultivated soil

Kinuthia Mwangi, Hamadi I. Boga*, Anne W. Muigai, Ciira Kiiyukia and Muniru K. Tsanuo

¹Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000 (00200) Nairobi, Kenya.

Accepted 3 December, 2014

Abstract

The re-introduction of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) to control mosquitos was recommended by the World Health Organization in 2007. In this study, the potential for biodegradation of DDT by soil microorganisms through enrichment and isolation of DDT biodegraders from soils without a history of prior exposure to DDT was done. Microorganisms from cultivated and uncultivated soils grew in minimal media with DDT (100 ppm) as the only carbon source. Six bacteria coded as isolates 101, 102, 103, 104, 105 and 110 degraded DDT to l, l-dichloro-2, 2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDD). None of the isolates degraded DDT into l, l- dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE). Degradation by the mixed culture of the six isolates was higher (82.63%) than that of any individual isolates whose range was 28.48 - 58.08%. The identity of the isolates was determined through biochemical, morphological, physiological and molecular techniques. Isolate 101 was a member of the genus Bacillus; isolates 102 and 110 belonged to the genus Staphylococcus while isolates 103, 104 and 105 clustered with members of the genus Stenotrophomonas. This study showed that there are microorganisms in the soil that can degrade DDT and that the rate of degradation is dependent on the presence and numbers of microbes in the soil with the required degradative ability, environmental factors and access of the microbes to DDT.

Key words: DDT, biodegradation, bacterial isolates, phylogenetic analysis.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2015

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2015 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Screening of Actinomycete strains for the production of antifungal metabolites

A. Kavitha¹, M. Vijayalakshmi¹*, P. Sudhakar² and G. Narasimha³

¹Department of Botany and Microbiology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur – 522 510, A. P., India.

²Centre for Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur – 522 510, A. P., India.

³Department of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, A.P., India.

Accepted 22 June, 2014

Abstract

4 different actinomycete strains (A1, A2, A3 and A4) were isolated from the laterite soil samples of Guntur region. Growth pattern and antifungal profiles of the strains were evaluated against the test fungi such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum. Based on the cultural, morphological and physiological characteristics, the strains A1, A2 and A4 were identified as the species of Streptomyces while the strain A3 was assigned to Nocardia. Among the 4 tested strains, Streptomyces sp. A1 showed strong antifungal activity which may provide a potent source for antifungal metabolites.

Key words: Actinomycetes, Streptomyces, Nocardia, antimicrobial activity.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2015

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2015 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Screening of potential infants’ lactobacilli isolates for amino acids production

Tarek, M. El-Nemr¹ and Hesham E. Mostafa²*

¹Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.

²Bioprocess Development department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Mubarak City for Scientific Research, Research Area-Borg El-Arab, Post Code 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.

Accepted 15 October, 2014

Abstract

A total of 9 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Egyptian infants, belonging to lactobacilli strains, were screened and selected according to their amino acids production. The isolate strains produced different essential amino acids in fermentation of M17 medium. Lactobacillus strain L1 produced the highest yield of histidine 92.5 mg/l, L2 strain produced the highest amount of asparagine 59.61 mg/l, cysteine 32.96 mg/l, phenylalanine 17.49 mg/l and tyrosine 244.91 mg/l. On the other hand, Lactobacillus strain L3 is the most potential culture for the production of citrulline 61.12 mg/l and glutamic 68.78 mg/l. This strain also produced the highest amount of lysine, ornithine and proline, which were 57.04, 95.58 and 87.06 mg/l, respectively. While the strain L4 produced the highest amount of glycine 32.12 mg/l, strain L7 produced the highest amount of alanine 147.55 mg/l and strain L5 produced the highest amount of asparatic acid 218.09 mg/l. The present study concluded that the Lactobacillus strains have the potential to produce different amino acids with variance concentrations.

Key words: Lactobacilli, Lactobacillus, amino acids, screening, production.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2015

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2015 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Lack of antimicrobial activities of Dicranopteris linearis extracts and fractions

Z.  A. Zakaria¹*, A. Mat Desa², K. Ramasamy², N. Ahmat³, A. S. Mohamad1, D. A. Israf¹ and M. R. Sulaiman1’

¹Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

²Faculty of Pharmacy, University Technology MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

³Faculty of Applied Sciences, University Technology MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

Accepted 3 December, 2014

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to determine the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous, chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaves of Dicranopteris linearis (Gleicheniaceae) using the micro-broth dilution method. The leaves of D. linearis were soaked separately in distilled water (dH₂O), chloroform and methanol in the ratio of 1:20 (w/v) for 72 h at room temperature, while some part of the methanol extracts was also partitioned with hexane, chloroform and methanol. The target microbe used were Staphylococcus aureus 25923, S. aureus 33591 (a methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolate), S. aureus 700699 (a vancomycin-intermediate resistant S. aureus (VISA) isolate), S. aureus 156 (a vancomycin -resistant S. aureus (VRSA) isolate), Escherichia coli 35218 and Candida albicans 10231. The results obtained show that the methanol extract was the most active in antimicrobial testing with the MIC/MBC values of 625 µg/ml. Based on this result, fractionation was carried out on the methanol extract and yielded eleven fractions. Of these, only B5, B6 and B11 fractions were found to be effective against S. aureus 33591 and S. aureus 25927 with MIC/MBC values ranging between 1250 - 2500 µg/ml. In conclusion, the D. linearis possess mild antibacterial activity against the selected panel of microbes, which explained the lack of claimed on the plant antimicrobial activity.

Key word: Dicranopteris linearis, Gleicheniaceae, micro-broth dilution method, mild antibacterial, Stapylococcus aureus.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2015

Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr

© 2015 International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on the lipid, lipoproteins, apolipoprotein-A1, Lipoprotein (a) and Apolipoprotein-B in patients with gastritis

Mohammad Hassan Khadem Ansari^1*, Mir-davood Omrani², Biet Sayyah¹ and Sina Khadem Ansari³

¹Department Clinical Biochemistry, Urmia Medical School, Urmia, Iran.

²Department of Genetic, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.

³Medical Faculty of Osmangazi University, Turkey. 

Accepted 7 October, 2014

Abstract

There are evidences of relationship between chronic infections of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and gastritis in some previous studies. The gastritis caused by H. pylori leads to a change in serum levels of lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1), apolipoprotein- B (Apo-B) and lipoprotein- a (Lp(a)) . These changes will lead to thrombogenesis and other cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study is to find out a correlation between lipids profiles and helicobacter gastritis. In this study 20 males and 20 females in age between 30 - 50 years old with gastritis resulting from H. pylori were chosen as patients group. Patients serum levels of Apo- A1, Apo -B and Lp(a) as well as total cholesterol, triglyceride, High density lipoprotein (HDL -C) and Low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were measured. As control, 26 persons with other types of gastritis (helicobacter negative), without having diseases such as: diabetes, hyperlipidemia, renal failure, liver diseases, with similar age ranges were chosen. Mean levels of total Cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, ApoB lipoprotein and Lp (a), as well as total Cholesterol/HDL ratio and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio in patients with gastritis resulted by H pylori were significantly increased compared to control groups. In addition HDL-C and Apo- A1 lipoprotein were decreased significantly. Therefore it was possible to conclude that H. pylori infection can cause lipid metabolism disorders that may act as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.

Key words: Gastritis, H. Pylori, lipids, lipoprotein, Apo lipoprotein, Lp (a).