ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2004
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2004 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
Identification of exopolysaccharides-producing lactic acid bacteria from Burkina Faso fermented milk samples
Aly Savadogo1*, Cheik A. T. Ouattara1, Paul W. Savadogo2, Nicolas Barro1, Aboubacar S. Ouattara1, Alfred S. Traoré1
1Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie . Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles(CRSBAN) UFR/SVT Université de Ouagadougou Burkina Faso 03 BP 7131.
2Institut de l’Environnement et de la Recherche Agricole (INERA) 01BP476 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Accepted 31 December 2003
Abstract
Spacer region between 16S and 23 S rRNA genes of thirteen lactic acid bacteria strains from Burkina Faso fermented milk samples were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus fermentum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Pediococcus spp, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp mesenteroides were identified. The Lactobacillus group was the predominant bacteria. Plasmids identified ranged between 2000 and 4000 bp. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) production varied from 181 mg/l and 814 mg/l, monomer analysis showed that glucose and galactose were predominant.
Key words: Lactic acid bacteria, fermented milk, PCR, exopolysaccharides.
Paul W. Savadogo, Aly Savadogo*, Nicolas Barro, Aboubacar S. Ouattara, Alfred S. Traoré, Cheik A. T. Ouattara
Page: 1 - 10
Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2004
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2004 International Scholars Journals
Short communication
Changes in the cellulose, sugar and crude protein
contents of agro-industrial by-products fermented with Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium sp.
Eustace A. Iyayi
Department of Animal Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: [email protected], [email protected].
Accepted 2 January 2004
Abstract
Changes in the protein, sugar and cellulose of three agro-industrial by-products after fermentation with Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium sp. in solid state were determined. Cellulose was significantly reduced (P<0.05) in all the agro wastes by all the fungi after 14 days. Highest percentage reduction was achieved by A. niger in all the agro wastes; 36.51% for wheat offal (WO), 35.87% for brewers dried grain (BDG) and 35.80% for maize offal (MO). There was a corresponding build up of all the soluble sugars in the substrate up to 14 days. Beyond day 14, the sugar level began to fall and there was no more significant degradation of the cellulose. The crude protein of the BDG, MO and WO increased significantly (P<.0.05). After 14 days, the highest percentage increase in protein (41%) was obtained in WO inoculated with A. niger. Results of the study indicate the possibility of enhancing the feeding value of these by-products by a simple, inexpensive and easily adaptable technique.
Key words: Cellulose, sugar, protein, changes, fermentation, fungi.
Eustace A. Iyayi
Page: 1 - 10
Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2004
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2004 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
Enhancement of the feeding value of some agro-industrial by-products for laying hens after their solid state fermentation with Trichoderma viride
Eustace A. Iyayi* and Zaid A. Aderolu
Department of Animal Science, Nutritional Biochemistry and Biotechnology Unit, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Accepted 21 December 2003
Abstract
This study with some agro-byproducts was carried out to provide information on the use of fermentation by-products; brewer’s dried grains (BDG), rice bran (RB), palm kernel meal (PKM) and corn bran (CB). Changes in the nutrient compositions of some selected agro industrial by-products on biodegradation with Trichoderma viride and their feeding value as an energy source for layers were investigated. The protein in BDG, RB, PKM and CB increased by 87, 68, 32 and 61%, respectively, when they were fermented with the fungi for 14 days. At the same time, the fiber in the by-products decreased by 35.00, 40.00, 36.50 and 37.50%, respectively with a corresponding increase of 49.00, 37.00, 9.00 and 5.50% in the level of soluble sugars. The energy in the biodegraded by-products increased by 6.30, 5.00, 9.00 and 18.50%, respectively. In a feeding trial with layers, 50% of the maize in a standard commercial diet was replaced with biodegraded BDG, RB and PKM. Birds on the BDG and RB diets had significantly (P<0.05) higher hen day production than those on the other diets. Diets in which the biodegraded by-products replaced maize produced lower cost of egg production than the standard commercial diet. Of the test diets, BDG gave the lowest cost of US$0.38 per tray of eggs (30 eggs) compared with US$0.53 for the commercial diet. Results of the study showed that fungal biodegradation of the agro industrial by-products can enhance their nutritional status. Using such by-products to feed layers spared half of the maize in the diet and produced better laying performance.
Key words: Agro by-products, fungal fermentation, nutrient improvement, poultry feeding.
Zaid A. Aderolu, Eustace A. Iyayi*
Page: 1 - 10
Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2004
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2004 International Scholars Journals
Short communication
Effects of sulphuric acid, mechanical scarification and wet heat treatments on germination of seeds of African locust bean tree, Parkia biglobosa
B. L. Aliero
Department of Biological Sciences, Usmanu Dafodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 1 January 2004
Abstract
Effects of different treatment methods on the germination of seeds of Parkia biglobosa (mimosaceae) were carried out. Prior treatment of seeds with sulphuric acid, wet heat and mechanical scarification were found to induce germination of the dormant seeds. These methods could be applied to raise seedlings of the plant for field propagation.
Key words: Scarification, germination, seeds, Parkia biglobosa.
B. L. Aliero
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2004
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2004 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
Screening cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] varieties by inducing water deficit and RAPD analyses
François Abaye Badiane1,2, Diaga Diouf1*, Djibril Sané1, Omar Diouf2, Venceslas Goudiaby3 and Nicolas Diallo1,2
1Laboratoire de Biotechnologies végétales, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 5005, Dakar, Sénégal.
2Centre d’Etude Régionale pour l’Amélioration de l’Adaptation à la Sécheresse (CERAAS), Thiés Escale, Route de Khombole, BP 3320, Sénégal.
3Laboratoire d'Ecologie Végétale, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), BP 1386, Dakar, Sénégal.
Accepted 22 December 2003
Abstract
The effects of water deficit induced by polyethylene glycol-6000 on some cowpea varieties, which belong to the national germplasm in Senegal are reported. Our results showed that, the length of the epicotyl was not affected by water deficit but the length of primary root was influenced only in Mouride variety. Water deficit influenced mostly the number of lateral roots. The 985 variety showed a great increase of its lateral root numbers and could be considered a drought tolerant variety. In contrast, the IT81D-1137 variety is very sensitive to water deficit because its lateral root number were reduced 3.8 fold compared to the control. These physiological studies were complemented by analyzing the genetic diversity of these varieties with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The RAPD analysis suggested that the samples were also genetically diverse.
Key words: Vigna unguiculata, drought tolerance, PEG, RAPD.
Diaga Diouf*, François Abaye Badiane, Djibril Sané, Omar Diouf, Venceslas Goudiaby and Nicolas Diallo
Page: 1 - 10
Review
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2004
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2004 International Scholars Journals
Review
Microcystis aeruginosa: source of toxic microcystins in drinking water
Oberholster PJ1, Botha A-M2* and Grobbelaar JU1
1Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, ZA9300
2Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Hillcrest, Pretoria, ZA0002, South Africa
Accepted 21 December 2003
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are one of the earth’s most ancient life forms. Evidence of their existence on earth, derived from fossil records, encompasses a period of some 3.5 billion years in the late Precambrian era. Cyanobacteria are the dominant phytoplanton group in eutrophic freshwater bodies worldwide. They have caused animal poisoning in many parts of the world and may present risks to human health through drinking and recreational activity. Cyanobacteria produce two main groups of toxin namely neurotoxins and peptide hepatotoxins. They were first characterized from the unicellular species, Microcystis aeruginosa, which is the most common toxic cyanobacterium in eutrophic freshwater. The association of environmental parameters with cyanobacterial blooms and the toxicity of microcystin are discussed. Also, the synthesis of the microcystins, as well as the mode of action, control and analysis methods for quantitation of the toxin is reviewed.
Key words: Cyanobacteria, microcystins, mcyB gene, PCR-RFLP.
Oberholster PJ, Botha A-M* and Grobbelaar JU
Page: 1 - 10