ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Seroepidemiological survey of canine Visceral leishemanisis in Sarab District, East Azerbaijan Province, Northwest of Iran in 2009
M. Khanmohammadi1*, E. Fallah2, S. Rahbari3, I. Sohrabi4, M. Farshchian5, F. Hamzavi6 and A. Mohammadpour Asl
1Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
3Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
4Department of Pathology, Faculty of veterinary, Islamic Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
5Department of Microbiology, Faculty Health and Nutrition of, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
6Department of Immunology, Emam Reza hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
7Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 28 June, 2010
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important endemic parasitic diseases in different parts of Iran. It is also a health problem in some tropical and subtropical countries. The purpose of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of canine VL (CVL) in owned dogs of Sarab and to identify the isolated Leishmania species. Sera samples were taken from 384 dogs from 30 random villages around Sarab and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . A total of thirty five dogs were seropositive. The seroprevalence rate (SPR) of CVL was 9.1% (95 % CI; 6.6 - 12.4). Out of 361 (94%) asymptomatic dogs, 31 (8.6%) were seropositive, and out of 23 (6%) symptomatic dogs, 4 (17.4%) were seropositive. 306 (79.7%) dogs were male and 78 (20.3%) were female. 28 (9.2%) male dogs and 7 (9%) female dogs were seropositive. There was no statistically significant relation between sex and seroprevalence (p = 0.962). The largest age group was 2 - 4 years, with 170 (44.3%) dogs out of which only 18 dogs (10.5%) were seropositive. Agreement between the ELISA test and clinical signs was 86.7%. A significant difference in the presence of antibodies against Leishmania was seen between symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs (p = 0.015) . ELISA was efficiently sensitive in the identification of infected dogs and seems to be an appropriate tool in rapid diagnostic screenings. ELISA is highly recommended to be applied as a standard test for routine CVL diagnosis.
Key words: Dogs, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), epidemiology, Iran, Visceral leishmaniasis, prevalence, serology.
S. Rahbari, E. Fallah, F. Hamzavi and A. Mohammadpour Asl, M. Khanmohammadi* , I. Sohrabi, M. Farshchian
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In vitro characterization of bacteriocin producing Bacillus subtilis from milk samples
S. Hemalatha* and S. Shanthi
Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai -600 117, Tamil Nadu, India,.
Accepted 6 August, 2017
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis was isolated from milk samples. Antibiotic resistance and the antimicrobial activity of B. subtilis were studied. All the four isolates of B. subtilis were sensitive to antibiotics such as streptomycin (25 g/ml), ampicillin (10 g/ml), penicillin (10 g/ml), erythromycin (15 g/ml), amoxycillin (10 g/ml).But they were resistant to bacitracin (10 g/ml). B. subtilis shown antibacterial activity against the selected human pathogens such as Salmonella spp, Streptococcus spp, Klebsiella spp and E. coli. The antimicrobial substance from B. subtilis extracted with organic solvent such as ethyl actetate have also shown antibacterial activity against the human pathogens. The proteineceaous nature of the B. subtilis exerted antimicrobial activity. The amount of protein varied between 0.05 - 0.55 mg/ml and the protein was qualitatively analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The entire samples have shown peptide < 62 kDa.
Key words: Bacillus subtilis, antibiotics, Salmonella spp, human pathogens, ethyl acetate, SDS PAGE.
S. Hemalatha*, S. Shanthi
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Influence of cultural conditions on hydrogen peroxide production by lactic acid bacteria isolated from some Nigerian traditional fermented foods
I. A. Adesokan1*, Y. A. Ekanola2 and B. M. Okanlawon3
1Department of Science Laboratory Technology, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Nigeria.
2Department of Biology, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Nigeria.
3Deparment of Biomedical Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Accepted 09 November, 2017
Abstract
In this study, influence of cultural conditions on hydrogen peroxide production by lactic acid bacteria was investigated. Leuconostoc mesenteroides produced the highest quantity (0.024 L) of hydrogen peroxide while Lactobacillus plantarum produced the lowest amount (0.016 g/L) in normal MRS. The effect of temperature on hydrogen peroxide production was determined and the result showed that Leuc. mesenteroides produced the highest quantity (0.024 g/L) at 30°C while L. brevis produced the lowest amount (0.012 g/L) of hydrogen peroxide at 45°C. Leuc. mesenteroides produced the highest amount of hydrogen peroxide (0.032 g/L) when mannitol was used as the carbon source while Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus fermentum produced the lowest amount (0.020 g/L) when glucose was used as the carbon source. Furthermore, Leuc. mesenteroides produced the highest amount of hydrogen peroxide (0.033 g/L) when potassium nitrate was used as the nitrogen source while L. fermentum and L. delbrueckii produced the lowest amount (0.020 g/L) when yeast extract was used as the nitrogen source. Hydrogen peroxide produced by Leuc. mesenteroides has the highest zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa while hydrogen peroxide produced by L. plantarum had the lowest zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus.
Key words: Hydrogen peroxide production, lactic acid bacteria, temperature.
Y. A. Ekanola and B. M. Okanlawon, I. A. Adesokan*
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Acetoin production associated with the increase of cell biomass in Bacillus pumilus ATCC 14884
Zijun Xiao1*, Shuling Qiao1, Cuiqing Ma2 and Ping Xu3
1Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, P. R. China.
2State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
3MOE Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
Accepted 13 August, 2017
Abstract
Some of Bacillus strains, especially Bacillus pumilus, were the best acetoin producers. This study attempts to disclose the mechanisms of vigorous acetoin excretion using B. pumilus ATCC 14884 as a model strain. The production of acetoin by this strain has been studied under a variety of conditions. Glucose was found to be a much better substrate than citrate, pyruvate, succinate, or fumarate for acetoin production. Malonate was used to slow down the Krebs cycle and the addition of 0.10 M malonate was found to inhibit cell growth slightly, but reduce the production of acetoin by 13%. The addition of 100 g/L NaCl strongly reduced cell growth and acetoin formation. On the other hand, 200 g/L glucose reduced the rate of cell growth, but led to the largest final acetoin production of all the conditions studied. Linear relationships between acetoin accumulation and cell biomass, which increased in the lag and arithmetic growth phases were found when glucose was used as the carbon source, which corroborated acetoin as a primary metabolite. Metabolite study indicated that there were few minor pathways for by-products. Acetoin was utilized as a preferential carbon source without the catabolite repression of glucose, suggesting that the main physiological function of acetoin excretion is an energy-storing strategy in this species.
Key words: Acetoin, biomass, association, metabolism, Bacillus pumilus.
Shuling Qiao, Cuiqing Ma and Ping Xu, Zijun Xiao*
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-010, February, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Investigating the effects of various additives on surface activity and emulsification index of biosurfactant resulting from broth media of Bacillus subtilis PTCC 1023
Golamreza Dehghan Noudeh1,3*, Ali Dehghan Noodeh2, Mohammad Hassan Moshafi3, Masoud Ahmadi Afzadi1, Abbas Pardakhti3 and Maryam Salandari3
1Pharmaceutics Research Centre, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
2Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK.
3Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Accepted 24 August, 2017
Abstract
Surfactants are amphipathic molecules which reduce surface tension and are widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. In the present study, the production of biosurfactant by Bacillus subtilis PTCC 1023 was studied. B. subtilis was grown in the nutrient broth medium and biosurfactant production was evaluated by measuring the surface tension and emulsification index (E24) each 24 h. The bacterium’s biosurfactant production was investigated in different status with variable factors such as incubation time, temperature, aeration rate and presence of several additives. Then the best fermentation condition was investigated for maximum biosurfactant production and finally biosurfactant identity was investigated using some chemical and spectroscopy methods. The maximum biosurfactant production by B. subtilis PTCC 1023 was obtained when it was grown in brain-heart broth medium containing FeSO4 (4×10-3 M), MnSO4 (1.3×10-3 M), starch (4%) and castor oil (4%) which incubated in a 300 rpm rotary shaker at 30°C for 24 h. Lipopepetide natures in this biosurfactant was confirmed by biochemical and spectroscopic methods.
Key words: Bacillus subtilis, biosurfactant, emulsification index, surface tension.
Mohammad Hassan Moshafi, Ali Dehghan Noodeh, Golamreza Dehghan Noudeh*, Masoud Ahmadi Afzadi, Abbas Pardakhti and Maryam Salandari
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-011, February, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of cultural components on antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin produced by bacteria isolated from gut of poultry
Qiuju Wang1, Yizhe Cui2, Dale Lackeyram3, Ling Yuan1, Jili Xu1, Wenmei Wang1 and Li Xu1*
1Department of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China 150030, China.
2College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang August First Agricultural University, Daqing, China 163319, China.
3Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Accepted 04 November, 2017
Abstract
The effects of various carbon and nitrogen sources and enzymes on the antibacterial activity of Enetrococcus faecium bacteriocin L17 (3.5 kDa) isolated from poultry gut and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out. The bacteriocin exhibited antibacterial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, as well as some funding such as Micrococcus flavus and Candida mycoderma, but had no effect on Lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The metabolite was stable in the presence of lipolytic or glycolytic substances and over a wide range of temperatures and its activity was also enhanced in the presence of 1 - 1.5% Tween80, 0.1% macrogol as well as various carbon (lactose) and nitrogen (lactose combined with beef extract and soy peptone) sources. Poteolytic enzymes however, completely inactivated the metabolite. These results are promising because the trend today is to employ eubiotic or symbiotic products and their use in the poultry industry could be a natural way to protect the flocks against potential pathogens.
Key words: Bacteriocin, medium composition, antimicrobial activity, poultry.
Wenmei Wang and Li Xu*, Ling Yuan, Yizhe Cui, Qiuju Wang, Jili Xu, Dale Lackeyram
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