ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (3), pp. 001-010, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Chlorophyll a fluorescence determines the drought resistance capabilities in two varieties of mycorrhized and non-mycorrhized Glycine max Linn
Rathod D. P.1, Brestic M.2,3 and Shao H. B.2,3,4*
1Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati – 444 602, Maharashtra State, India.
2Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
3The CAS/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
4Institute of Life Sciences, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
Accepted 12 September, 2019
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, namely, Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices, and an endophyte, Piriformospora indica was used to assess the growth of two varieties (JS 335 and TAMS 98-21) of soybean (Glycine max L.) subjected to drought stress. Chlorophyll a fluorescence was measured by Handy PEA (plant efficiency analyzer) and analyzed by Biolyzer programme. The JIP-test (Chlorophyll a fluorescence rise at J I and P steps) was applied to evaluate in vivo vitality based on in vivo biospectroscopy, which supplied images, spectra and kinetics.We report that in JS-335 variety of soybean, G. intraradices induced the highest drought resistance followed by G. mosseae and P. indica, whereas in TAMS 98-21 variety, G. mosseae induced highest drought resistance followed by G. intraradices and P. indica.
Key words: Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Piriformospora indica, Glycine max L., arbuscular mycorrhizal.
Rathod D. P., Brestic M and Shao H. B.*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The effect of GA3 and BA on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of calla lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica cv. Childsiana)
Najmedin Mortazavi1, Rouh-Angiz Naderi2, Nasrin Majidian2, Behjat Naderi2 and Yavar Sharafi3*
1Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran.
2Department of Horticultural Science, Islamic Azad University of Maragheh Branch, Maragheh, Iran.
3Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 18 August, 2019
Abstract
Flowering is a complex morphological happening that occurs in apical meristem of stem. This investigation was carried out to study the effects of two hormones including gibberellin (GA) and benzyl adenine (BA) on calla cut flower production. The rhizomes were dipped in GA solution with concentrations include (0, 100, 200 and 500 ppm). BA with concentrations (0, 100, 200 and 500 ppm) was sprayed on flowering stems until flowering time. The results showed that maximum flower yield was obtained in GA solution with concentrations of 500 ppm followed by BA solutions (200 and 500 ppm). However; flowering in control plants was occurred earlier than other plants. Maximum flower weight (54/97 gr) was observed in treatment 200 ppm GA followed by 0 ppm BA and application of 500 ppm GA and 500 ppm BA resulted to minimum flower weight (38/09 gr). Interaction effects of two hormones were significant on chlorophyll content. The maximum chlorophyll content was observed when 500 ppm gibberellins and 500 ppm benzyl adenine were applied in the same time.
Key words: Calla lily, gibberellin, benzyl adenine, flower yield, chlorophyll content.
Behjat Naderi and Yavar Sharafi*, Najmedin Mortazavi, Nasrin Majidian, Rouh-Angiz Naderi
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (3), pp. 001-008, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of neuraminidase gene of avian Influenza H9N2 viruses isolated from commercial broiler chicken in Iran
S. Vatandour1*, M. Bozorgmehrifard2, H. Shoushtari3, S. Charkhkar4 and S. Bakhtiari5
1Department of Poultry Disease,Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2Division of Avian Disease, Tehran University, Iran.
3Division of Avian Disease and Research, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Tehran, Iran.
4Division of Avian Disease, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
5Iran Veterinary Organization, Tehran General Office, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 18 September, 2019
Abstract
Avian influenza (AI) outbreaks due to H9N2 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) occurred in poultry industry in Iran, throughout the past decade and caused serious economic losses as a result of decreased egg production, increased mortality and the cost of vaccination in Iranian poultry industry. Our aim was to find the phylogenic and genetic relationships among avian influenza viruses recently isolated from poultry in Iran with other Asian H9N2 lineages (1998-2007). The complete nucleotide sequences of the neuraminidase (NA) genes of ten H9N2 influenza virus strain isolated from diseased chickens in different farms in Iran during 1998-2007, were amplified and sequenced and phylogenetic relationships between these and previously reported N2 genes were investigated. The viruses surface glycoprotein genes was >90% similar to those of A/Quail/Hongkong/G1/97 (H9N2) lineage. The NA stalks regions in these viruses had no deletion or insertion or shortening as compared to that A/DK/HK/Y280/97 lineage (CK/Bei-like viruses) and the 2 human isolates A/HK/1073/99, A/HK/1074/99. The hemadsorbing site of NA had up to 3 amino acid substitution and is different from those of earlier Iranian viruses and ten Iranian isolates possessed seven potential glycosylation sites like the most H9N2 isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of NA gene showed that they belonged to the same A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97 like virus sub lineage.
Key words: Avian influenza virus, A/Quail/Hongkong/G1/97 (H9N2), neuraminidase gene, phylogenetic analysis, Iran.
H. Shoushtari, M. Bozorgmehrifard, S. Vatandour*, S. Charkhkar and S. Bakhtiari
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Transportation of single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) through the cell membrane
F. Mollaamin1*, Sh. Momeni2, M. Movahedi3 and M. Monajjemi1
1Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Biology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Accepted 25 August, 2019
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are very common in medical research and are being highly studied in the fields of biosensing methods for disease treatment and efficient drug delivery and health monitoring. The transportation of open-end Single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) through the cell membrane widely investigated because of many advantages. In our recent study, extensive quantum mechanical (QM) calculation of electronic structure of open-end of SWCNT and transportation of single wall carbon nanotube through the cell membrane have been administered in vacuum media using GAUSSIAN 98 software. Our results manifested that the interaction of open-end of SWCNT has minimum value of energy interaction and then most structural stability in vacuum. We assayed effects of vacuum on transportation of SWCNT through the cell membrane with using B1LYP and Hartree Fock (HF) methods at STO-3G, 3-21G, 6-31G levels of theory. Also, we demonstrated the total atomic charges of dense region calculated STO-3G, 3-21G and 6-31G basis sets in vacuum with HF method. The calculated values showed negative charge at this site. The O and S atoms at interaction site produced negative charge because they have high electron affinity.
Key words: Single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT), quantum mechanical (QM), STO-3G, 3-21G and 6-31G basis.
F. Mollaamin*, M. Movahedi and M. Monajjemi, Sh. Momeni
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Galena bio-oxidation by moderate sulphur bacteria
Salari Hassan1*, Afzali Daryoush2 and Oliaie Mohammad Sadegh3
1Department of Ecology, Research Institute for Environmental Sciences, International Center for Science, High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
2Department of Environment, Research Institute for Environmental Sciences, International Center for Science, High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
3Miinistry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 19 September, 2019
Abstract
Bioremediation is a simple and effective technology for metal extraction from low-grade contaminated soils and mineral concentrates. Metal remove from sulfide minerals is based on the activity of mesophilic and chemolithotrophic bacteria, mainly ACIDITHIOBACILLUS FERROOXIDANS which convert insoluble metal sulfides into soluble metal sulfates. In this study bioremediation experiments carried out in 1 L Erlenmeyer flasks containing 300 ml basal medium of A. FERROOXIDANS and 5% (w/v) PbS with 45 and 75 meshes and also this condition repeated for ACIDITHIOBACILLUS THIOOXIDANS. The results showed that A. FERROOXIDANS had grown on the galena and obtained energy from it. Also, the galena was oxidized to form lead sulfate. The most important species for oxidizing galena concentrate showed A. FERROOXIDANS, because these species were more effective than A. THIOOXIDANS in our bioremediation experiments. Anglesite (PbSO4) was the important product of the galena bacterial oxidation. In these experiments the highest quantity of dissolute lead was 34% approximately in A. FERROOXIDANS cultures. The low solubility of lead sulphate indicated that this process is not commercially feasible for the recovery of lead on mines. In view of these results, bioremediation appears to have some potential for remediation of Pb contaminated soils.
Key words: Galena, acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Ganat Marvan.
Salari Hassan*, Afzali Daryoush and Oliaie Mohammad Sadegh
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 14 (3), pp. 001-008, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Assessment of the antifungal activities of polyhexamethylene-guanidine hydrochloride (PHMGH)-based disinfectant against fungi isolated from papaya (Carica papaya L.) fruit
Rose Koffi-Nevry1*, Ama Lethicia Manizan1, Kablan Tano2, Yao Clément Yué Bi2, Mathias K. Oulé3 and Marina Koussémon1
1Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Abobo-Adjamé, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
2Food Biochemistry and Tropical Products Technology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Abobo-Adjamé, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
3Université St-Boniface, Faculté des Sciences. 200 ave. de la Cathédrale, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Accepted 19 September, 2019
Abstract
The antifungal activity of the Polyhexamethylene-guanidine hydrochloride (PHMGH)-based disinfectant against fungi isolated from papaya fruit was evaluated. The aim of this work was to show that the PHMGH can be used as a disinfectant for papaya preservation. Thirty one strains of fungi were isolated as Mucor sp., Botrytis sp., Penicillium sp., Geotrichum sp., Aspergillus sp. and Colletotrichum sp. Mucor sp. was the most isolated with a frequency of 52.77% followed by Botrytis (47.22%), Aspergillus and Penicillium (8.33%), Colletotrichum (5.56%) then, Geotrichum (2.78%). The antifungal activity of the PHMGH was tested through the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs). All the strains tested were sensitive to the disinfectant. However, the activity of PHMGH varies according to the strain tested. The values of the MIC and the MFC were between <0.01 and 1.9 mg/ mL. Aspergillus sp. was the least susceptible fungi with a MIC and MFC of 1.9 mg/ mL whereas the most sensitive to PHMGH were the genera Botrytis and Colletotrichum with a MIC <0.01 mg/ mL. No matter the strains of fungi studied, the MIC and MFC values were equal. The PHMGH could therefore be considered as a fungicidal agent that could serve for the preservation of papaya fruit after harvesting.
Key words: Antifungal activity, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs), papaya preservation, polyhexamethylene-guanidine hydrochloride.
Kablan Tano, Mathias K. Oulé and Marina Koussémon, Yao Clément Yué Bi, Rose Koffi-Nevry*, Ama Lethicia Manizan
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