ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli and klebseilla pneumonia isolated from urine in an Iranian 1000-bed tertiary care hospital
Ava Behrooozi1, Mohammad Rahbar2* and Jalil Vand Yousefi1
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Karaj Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
2Department of Microbiology, Iranian Reference Health Laboratory, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 18 March, 2015
Abstract
Betal-lactam antibiotics are the most frequently prescribed antibiotics. Emerging resistance to these antibiotics among gram-negative bacilli limited their utility. This study was done to determine the frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactmase (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urine in Milad Hospital of Tehran. This study was done on 735 urine gram-negative bacilli isolates including 620 strains of E. coli and 115 strains of K. pneumoniae in microbiology laboratory of Milad Hospital in Tehran, Iran. ESBls resistance was detected in 132 (21%) of isolates of E. coli and 18 (12%) in those with K. pneumoniae. Of 150 patients which had positive ESBLs isolates, 104 were outpatients and 46 others were hospitalized. Nearly 80% ESBls isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole and nitrofuantion was the most effective antibiotic against ESBLs producing isolates. Our study revealed that there is a high frequency isolates of ESBls producing strains of E. coli and K. pneupmiae in both community and hospital. This has a significant implication for patients’ management. Further drug resistance surveillance in our hospitals and molecular characteristics of ESBls isolates in our country is necessary.
Key words: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs), Escherichia coli, Klebseilla pneumonia, urinary tract infections.
Ava Behrooozi, Mohammad Rahbar* and Jalil Vand Yousefi
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Monogenean parasites in Sparid fish (Pagellus genus) in eastern Algeria coastline
Nouha Kaouachi1*, Chahinez Boualleg1, Mourad Bensouilah1 and Bernard Marchand2
1Laboratoire d’Ecobiologie des Milieux Marins et Littoraux, Faculté des Sciences, Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba, BP: 12 Annaba, 23000, Algérie.
2Université de Corse, CNRS UMR 6134, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire (Parasites et écosystèmes méditerranéens), BP 52, 20250 Corte, France.
Accepted 22 April, 2015
Abstract
A spatial distribution study of parasite populations of gills from 540 specimens belonging to Pagellus genus: Pagellus acarne, Pagellus erythrinus and Pagellus bogaraveo (Sparidae) was realized from the eastern Algeria coastline. A preliminary description allows the distinguishing of eight parasite species belonging to two subclasses: Monopisthocotylea and Polyopisthocotylea. Rates of parasite species and parasitic indices of host species were calculated. The study findings show that the parasitic populations vary depending on the site and the host species within the same genus.
Key words: Parasitism, monogenean, Pagellus erythrinus, Pagellus acarne, Pagellus bogaraveo, Algerian coastline.
Chahinez Boualleg, Nouha Kaouachi*, Mourad Bensouilah and Bernard Marchand
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Function analysis of the predicted protein-tyrosine phosphatases gene (DR2161) in Deinococcus radiodurans
Shu Haiyan* and Tian Baoming
Biology Department, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Accepted 13 April, 2015
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation on tyrosine has been demonstrated to occur in a wide array of bacterial species and appears to be ubiquitous among prokaryotes. In Deinococcus radiodurans, after the predicted protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) gene DR2161 was deleted, the radiation resistance of the bacterium changed a little. The natural resistance-associated macrophage protein gene DR1709 was the possible target of PTP. But the radio resistance of the double mutant (DR1709 and DR2161 that were deleted) was almost the same as that of M1709. When the strain protease secretion was measured, the clearing area of M2161 was smaller than that of the wild type. But the protease secretion of the double mutant was similar to that of M1709. The influence on the bacterium DR2161, that was deleted seemed to have been covered by DR1709 being disrupted. The four strains (the wild type, M1709, M2161 and the double mutant) sensitivity to high concentrate of Mn2+ and Fe2+ were very similar, showing that they had similar resistance to high concentrate of Mn2+ or Fe2+. In liquid defined minimal medium (DMM) with 200 nM Mn, M1709 and the double mutant almost can not grow. But in DMM with 200 nM Fe, the two strains grew as quickly as the wild type. M1709 reaction to low concentrate of Mn2+ and Fe2+ was not affected by DR2161. The expression of DR1709 was not regulated by DR2161.
Key words: Deinococcus radiodurans, protein-tyrosine phosphatase, natural resistance-associated macrophage protein, DR1709, DR2161.
Shu Haiyan*, Tian Baoming
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Occurrence of tetracycline-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Korean cyprinid loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)
Jin Woo Jun, Ji Hyung Kim, Dennis K. Gomez, Casiano H. Choresca Jr, Jee Eun Han, Sang Phil Shin and Se Chang Park*
Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
Accepted 12 April, 2016
Abstract
In this paper, we described a mass mortality of cyprinid loaches, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus from a private fish farm in Korea. Diffuse bleeding was observed on the skin around the anal orifice. Bacterial pathogens from kidneys samples of moribund fish were cultured, identified and confirmed to be Aeromonas hydrophila using morphological, biochemical test and genetical analysis. The isolated A. hydrophila strains were resistant to commercial antibiotics and the presence of the tetracycline resistance gene (tet E) was detected by genetical analysis. Pathogenecity test was performed using healthy 4-week-old cyprinid loaches by intraperitoneal (IP) injection and the LD50 concentration of the pathogen was determined to be 6.0 × 107 CFU fish-1. In this paper, we confirmed the infection of farm-raised cyprinid loaches with tetracycline-resistant A. hydrophila.
Key words: Cyprinid loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), Aeromonas hydrophila, tetracycline resistance gene, pathogenecity test.
Ji Hyung Kim, Jee Eun Han, Casiano H. Choresca Jr, Jin Woo Jun, Sang Phil Shin and Se Chang Park*, Dennis K. Gomez
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular identification and codon optimization analysis of major virulence encoding genes of Aeromonas hydrophila
Vijai Singh1,2*, Dharmendra Kumar Chaudhary1, Indra Mani 1,3, Pallavi Somvanshi4, Gaurav Rathore1 and Neeraj Sood1
1National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow-226002, India.
2Epigenomics Project, Universite d’Evry Val d’Essonne Genopole CNRS 5, rue Henri Desbruères, 91030 Evry, France.
3Department of Biochemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi -221005, India.
4Bioinformatics Centre, Biotech Park, Sector-G, Jankipuram, Lucknow-226021, India.
Accepted 4 March, 2016
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic pathogen of aquatic and terrestrial animals and human beings. The aim of this study is to investigate 25 isolates of A. hydrophila from 40 fish muscles and 12 water samples. All isolates are screened for the presence of virulence factors such as aerolysin, hemolysin and lipase both phenotypically as well as genotypically. All the isolates produced lipase, whereas only 60% of isolates produced b-hemolysis with RBCs. The presence of 3 virulence genes aerolysin, hemolysin and lipase were confirmed by PCR assay, which gave positive PCR amplification for conserved fragment. These were also codon optimized for over expression in Escherichia coli and obtained the high codon adaptation index in comparison to wild type of DNA sequences. These finding may help to better expression of gene for scale up production of vaccine candidates.
Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, virulence factor, PCR, codon optimization, vaccine.
Dharmendra Kumar Chaudhary, Gaurav Rathore and Neeraj Sood, Indra Mani, Pallavi Somvanshi, Vijai Singh*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2016
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2016 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Bacteria population of some commercially prepared yoghurt sold in Enugu State, Eastern Nigeria
Nwagu Tochukwu Nwamaka1* and Amadi Emmanuel Chike2
1Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
2Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Caritas University Amorji Nike, Enugu State, Nigeria
Accepted 18 March, 2015
Abstract
The demand for fermented dairies is on the increase in developing countries following consumer awareness of some of the health benefits attributed to prolonged intake. Eight samples of yoghurt produced from Enugu, Eastern Nigeria was collected from various locations. Samples were incubated using various media for the isolation, identification and enumeration of the bacteria population within the yoghurt. Reports indicated that total viable count of bacteria was in the range of 1.4 x 106 – 2.2 x 107 cfu /ml. Not all bacterial isolates were lactose fermenters. Members of the genus Staphylococcus, Aeromonas, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptococcus and Lactobacillus were isolated with 100, 25, 50, 33.3, 25, 12.5 and 25% frequency of occurrence, respectively. Viable counts of lactic acid bacteria were low indicating that probiotics effect following consumption may be poor. Occurrence of pathogenic organisms indicates improper handling and inadequate sanitary measures. More care should be taken during yoghurt fermentation.
Key words: Lactobacillus, fermentation, yoghurt, bacteria, contaminant.
Nwagu Tochukwu Nwamaka*, Amadi Emmanuel Chike
Page: 1 - 10