ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Growth and IN VITRO phosphate solubilising ability of SCLERODERMA SINNAMARIENSE: A tropical mycorrhiza fungus isolated from GNETUM AFRICANUM ectomycorrhiza root tips
Eneke Esoeyang Tambe Bechem
Department of Plant and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P. O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon. E. mail: [email protected]. Tel: 237 77 35 85 23.
Accepted 9 March, 2011
Abstract
The growth and ability of SCLERODERMA SINNAMARIENSE isolated from GNETUM AFRICANUM ectomycorrhiza root tips to solubilise calcium tetrahydrogen diorthophosphate, calcium phytate, hydroxyapatite and amorphous iron phosphate was assessed in axenic culture under a range of conditions. S. SINNAMARIENSE grew on all P sources when NH4+ was sole nitrogen source, but failed to grow on amorphous iron phosphate in unbuffered media with peptone as sole nitrogen source. The fungus solubilised calcium tetrahydrogen diorthophosphate and hydroxyapatite in unbuffered media with NH4+ as nitrogen source. The internal phosphorus status of the mycelia had no influence on the ability of the fungus to solubilise the substrates. The data confirmed that mycorrhizal fungi can access P sources which are normally unavailable and may pass on the absorbed P to the plant partner in case of symbiosis.
Key words: Phosphorus solubilisation, Scleroderma sinnamariense, mycorrhiza fungus.
Eneke Esoeyang Tambe Bechem
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of carbon, nitrogen and trace elements on growth and sporulation of the Termitomyces striatus (Beeli) Heim
Simerjit Kaur
Department of Applied Sciences, Rayat-Bahra Institute of Engineering and Biotechnology, Mohali Campus (Punjab), India. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 15 March, 2011
Abstract
Nutritional studies namely carbon, nitrogen and trace element requirements of Termitomyces striatus have been carried out. Amongst all the carbon compounds used, the most favourable in order of effectiveness are D (+) glucose, D (+) sucrose, maltose and D (+) raffinose. The fungus showed poor growth with lactose. Sodium nitrite served as the best inorganic nitrogen source for the growth of this fungus. Ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium oxalate, potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate supported fairly good growth of the fungus. Among different amino acids tested, maximum average mycelial dry weight was obtained with L-arginine followed by glycine and DL-tryptophan. The fungus showed poor growth with L-α-amino-n-butyric acid, L-cystine, L-cysteine HCl and DL-serine. The selected concentrations of trace elements also affected the mycelial growth of this fungus to a significant level. There is a gradual increase in growth (average mycelial dry weight) from control to optimum concentration of required trace elements beyond which it decreases. None of the trace elements required for growth are found to be completely fungistatic for the growth of this fungi. The fungus formed asexual conidia similar to that formed in the sporodochial stage in the termite garden of termites of the subfamily Macrotermitinae.
Key words: Termitomyces, edible mushrooms, cultural studies, C, N nutrition, mycelial growth.
Simerjit Kaur
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Biochemical characterisation of two novel laccases from Magnaporthe grisea
Kaminee Ranka and Bharat B. Chattoo*
Centre for Genome Research, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara -390002, India.
Accepted 09 February, 2011
Abstract
Laccases are widely distributed oxido-reductases that catalyse the biological oxidation-reduction of polyphenols with a concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to water. Genome analysis of Magnaporthe grisea using bioinformatic approach showed the presence of multiple laccases, which encode proteins with three domains of multicopper oxidase. The transcript levels of all M. grisea laccases were analysed by quantitative RT-PCR, in order to study their expression patterns in normal and nitrogen starved conditions. The highest relative expression was observed for MGG_08127 (MgLac1) in normal conditions. The highest induction was observed for MGG_02876 (MgLac2) in nitrogen starvation. Since total fungal protein extracts would contain multiple laccases, heterologous gene expression, purification and further enzyme characterisation was carried out to analyse the function of these two laccases from M. grisea. Thus, we identified a novel multifunctional laccase, MgLac2, in M. grisea which showed lignin-like dye decolourising activity, 1, 8-dihydroxynapthalene (DHN) polymerisation ability and also ferroxidase activity. Its optimum pH and maximum thermostability were at 4 to 4.5 and 30°C, respectively. MgLac1 also showed dye decolourization activity, its optimum pH and maximum thermostability were at 4 to 5 and 30°C, respectively. We found that the laccases expressed in normal conditions and in conditions which mimic pathogenicity are different biochemically.
Key words: Magnaporthe grisea, laccase, dye decolourization, 1, 8-dihydroxynapthalene (DHN) polymerisation, ferroxidase activity, glutathione-S-transferase (GST).
Harpreet Sharma, Leena Parihar*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Screening of indigenous yeast isolates obtained from traditional fermented foods of Western Himalayas for probiotic attributes
Aditi Sourabh1, Sarbjit Singh Kanwar1*, and Om Prakash Sharma2
1Department of Microbiology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur,
Himachal Pradesh-176062, India.
2Biochemistry Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176061, India.
Accepted 02February, 2011
Abstract
Twenty three indigenous isolates of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) obtained from various traditional fermented foods and traditional inocula of Western Himalayas (Himachal Pradesh) were subjected to in vitro probiotic tests. All the isolates were found to be intrinsically tolerant to upper gastrointestinal transit and this property was isolate dependent. Reduction in viability (in terms of log CFU/ml cells) was more in simulated gastric juice of pH 2 as compared to pH 3. These isolates were also investigated for surface hydrophobicity and autoaggregation abilities. Nine yeast isolates produced exopolysaccharide and four exhibited antioxidative activity using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay (in methanol and buffered methanol reaction systems). Interestingly, one indigenous yeast isolate (Sc15) was found positive for siderophore production, whereas none of the isolates was positive for bile salt deconjugation activity (towards glycine and taurine conjugated bile salts) and galactosidase enzyme production.
Key words: Probiotics, yeast isolates, simulated gastric and intestinal juices, Western Himalayas, antioxidant, exopolysaccharide.
Sarbjit Singh Kanwar*, Aditi Sourabh, and Om Prakash Sharma
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular characterization of antigens extracted from hydatid cysts of human and other intermediate hosts
Mohammed M. A. Al-Fayadh1, Maani N. Al-Shemari1 and Ihsan E. Al-Saimary2*
1Department of Microbiology – College of Medicine- University of Al-Qadysia, Iraq.
2Department of Microbiology – College of Medicine- University of Basrah, Iraq.
Accepted 14 April, 2018
Abstract
This research includes a study of hydatid cysts Echinococcus granulosus (larval stage on the molecular level, where 7 samples of hydatid cysts were collected from parasite intermediate hosts " Human (liver, spleen, lung) and liver of sheep, goat, cattle and buffaloes”. DNA was extracted from germinal layer cells of hydatid cysts which were isolated shortly or preserved for various periods in 70% ethanol. Genetic analysis of isolated DNA from hydatid cysts collected from human and animals was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine genetic variation depending on random amplified polymorphic DNA. In the present study 10 primers have been used, during which the genetic variations were revealed among isolated (extracted DNA) of hydatid cysts which was collected from human and other intermediate hosts except Cows and Buffaloes. The current results of this study have shown the following: 1 - It was found one primer (OPA – 01) was able to diagnose sample numbered 1 which represent the isolated DNA of liver hydatid cyst which was obtained from human at age group 10– 20 years old. 2 - The ability of primer OPC – 10 to determine fingerprinting of DNA sample of Sheep liver hydatid cyst. 3 - The ability of primer OPC – 05 to determine fingerprinting of DNA sample of human spleen hydatid cyst which was obtained from human at age group 30 – 40 years old. 4 - The ability of primer OPE – 07 to determine fingerprinting of DNA sample of goat liver hydatid cyst. 5 – Amplification process to the DNA samples which extracted from cows and buffaloes liver hydatid cysts was not completed by using all 10 primers.
Key words: Echinococcus granulosus, molecular, antigens, human.
Maani N. Al-Shemari and Ihsan E. Al-Saimary*, Mohammed M. A. Al-Fayadh
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2010
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2010 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Media studies on Myrothecium roridum Tode: A potential biocontrol agent for water hyacinth
Wahab Oluwanisola Okunowo1*, George Olabode Gbenle1, Akinniyi Adediran Osuntoki1 and Adedotun Adeyinka Adekunle2
1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria.
2Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Accepted 10 May, 2010
Abstract
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a noxious aquatic weed in Nigeria and many parts of the world. A potential mycoherbicidal agent for the control has been identified recently as Myrothecium roridum Tode. The best media for in-vitro propagation was investigated using seven culture media; potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar (MEA), potato sucrose agar (PSA), sabouraud agar (SA), potato carrot agar (PCA), Czapek-Dox agar (ZA) and a semi artificial diet, which included the material from the fungal host’s plant (WHA). The effect of nitrogen sources (ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, sodium glutamate and glutamine) and pH on the growth of the fungus was also determined. The mycelia growth was assessed by diameter measurement on agar plates and the conidial yield was measured with a Neubauer hemocytometer slide. The mycelia growth was maximum on PSA and minimum on ZA. The conidial yield was highest on MEA. The mycelia growth and spore concentration of the fungus were highest on sodium glutamate and glutamine respectively, when used as nitrogen sources. The optimal growth pH was 5.5.
Key words: Media, Mycoherbicide, Myrothecium roridum Tode, nitrogen sources.
Wahab Oluwanisola Okunowo*, Akinniyi Adediran Osuntoki and Adedotun Adeyinka Adekunle, George Olabode Gbenle
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