Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Incidence and antibiotic susceptibilities of YERSINIA ENTEROCOLITICA  and other YERSINIA  species recovered from meat and chicken in Tehran, Iran

Sharifi Yazdi M. K.^1,2, Soltan-Dallal M. M.^3,4, Zali M. R.⁵ Avadisians S.³ and Bakhtiari R.³*

¹Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.

²Zonotic research centre. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

³Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

⁴Antibiotic resistant research center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

⁵National Research Department of Foodborne Diseases (NRDFD), Research Center of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Accepted 15 February, 2019

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of YERSINIA species in beef meat and chicken meat samples in different seasons. In this study 379 pieces of beef and chicken meats were examined for the presence of YERSINIA species between April 2007 and March 2008. 25 g of homogenized food samples was pre-enriched in PBS then it was cultured on cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN) agar. Susceptibility testing of bacterial strains was performed at 28˚C by the agar diffusion method. YERSINIA spp. was isolated from 60 of 379 (15.8%) beef meat and chicken meat samples. Y. ENTROCOLITICA was found in 48 of 60 (80%) positive samples. The rate of other 3 YERSINIA spp, Y. FEREDERIKSENII, Y. INTERMEDIA, Y. KRISTENSENII, were 7(11%), 4(6%) and1 (0.01%) out of 60 isolates, respectively. 98% of isolates were susceptible to choloramphenicol and gentamicin. The most antibiotic resistance belongs to cephalothine (98%). Our results showed that isolation ratio of Y. ENTEROCOLITICA and the other species is higher in cold climates. The majority of isolates were resistant to cephalothine. The most active pharmacologic agents were chloramphenicol, gentamicin and trimetoprim.

Key words: Yersinia enterocolitica, antimicrobial susceptibility, beef meat, chicken.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-007, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Microbiological analysis and screening of lactic acid bacteria from Tunisian date palm sap

Ziadi Manel^1,3*, M’hir Sana¹*, Kbaier Nedia², Hamdi Moktar¹ and Ferchichi Ali²

¹Laboratoire d’Ecologie et de Technologie Microbienne (LETMI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de

Technologie (INSAT), BP 876, 1080 Tunis, Tunisie.

²Laboratoire d’Aridocultures et de Cultures Oasiennes, Institut des Régions Arides (IRA), Km 22, route Djorf, 4119 Médenine, Tunisie.

³Département de Bio-Industries, Institut Supérieur de Biologie Appliquée de Médenine (ISBAM), Km 22, route Djorf, 4119 Médenine, Tunisie.

Accepted 23 March, 2019

Abstract

Date Palm sap is a fresh juice called “Legmi” widely produced and consumed in Southern Tunisia. The aim of this research was to study microbiological group’s distribution present in 10 palm sap samples, and to select Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with suitable properties for use as starter cultures in sap lactic fermentation. Microbiological analysis showed high load in fresh palm sap. Mesophilic aerobic bacteria varied from 6.07 to 8.57 log cfu/ml, coliforms ranged from 3 to 6.78 log cfu/ml, yeasts between 3 and 8.47 log cfu/ml and LAB from 5.36 to 8.47 log cfu/ml. Ten strains were chosen randomly to study the acidifying activity when growing in palm sap. These strains, tentatively identified by API 50CHL, were divided into two groups: Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbruckii. All the strains were considered as fast acidifier since pH was higher after 6 h of fermentation. The higher acidifying strains KH₃ (L. delbrueckii) and 5B₄ (L. mesenteroides), were used to inoculate sap in pure culture. During the fermentation, pH decreased from 6.94 and 6.36 for 5B4 and KH3, respectively, to about 4.0±0.1 after 24 h of fermentation for both strains. Total titrable acidity increase from 0.2 and 0.4% for 5B4 and KH3 respectively to around 3.0%. The application of these strains as starter cultures in the production of fermented palm sap could be investigated on further studies.

Key words: Date palm sap, legmi, lactic acid bacteria, starter culture.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Prevalence of intestinal parasites at Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India: Five-year study

Yogyata Marothi* and Binita Singh

Department of Microbiology, R.D.Gardi Medical College, Ujjain (MP), Madhya Pradesh, India.

Accepted 13 February, 2019

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in hospitals at Ujjain. A total of 5990 samples were collected in five years: 3580 from Ujjain Charitable Trust Hospital (Urban population) and 2410 from R. D. Gardi Medical College (Rural population). Overall prevalence rate of intestinal parasite was 21.4%. Entamoeba histolytica (10.5%) was the commonest protozoa followed by Giardia lamblia (3.9%). Among the helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides (2.8%) was the commonest. Multiple infections were seen in 70 samples. There was difference in prevalence between urban (20.2%) and rural (23.1%) population. Females (27.4%) were more affected than males (18.2%) and age group 0 to 10 years old had the highest rate of infection. The results indicate that there is a need to implement control measures in form of regular deworming, health education and provision of safe water supply.

Key words: Intestinal parasites, prevalence, rural, urban, Ujjain.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-014, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in treating viral infections among Yoruba tribe of South Western Nigeria

Oladunmoye, M. K.* and Kehinde, F. Y.

Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 704, Akure, Nigeria.

Accepted 10 April, 2019

Abstract

Ethnobotanical survey of plants used to treat some common viral diseases, such as chicken pox, poliomyelitis, influenza, hepatitis, measles and jaundice was carried out in Ekiti, Ondo, Osun and Oyo States in South Western Nigeria. Questionnaires were distributed among the participants and oral discussions were employed. Two hundred and eight (208) data were collected and tabulated. The Yoruba names, botanical names, methods of preparation and mode of administration of the plants were considered. The research work showed that members of the family Annonaceae (10.3%) were most frequently used, followed by members of Leguminosae (9.9%), and Zingiberaceae (7.9%), for treating chickenpox and measles infections, although all other plants play prominent roles in peoples` health care. Also, knowledge of medicinal herbs was being left in the hands of the elders between the age range of 51-70 years and 71-80 years. The leaves of the plants (45.5%) were mostly used in treating viral infections, followed by the use of stem bark (13.5%). All other parts were less commonly used to treat viral diseases. Mono-prescription was rare in the data collected. Oral application had the highest mode of administration (83.7%), while the combination of both oral and external applications (12.5%) closely followed. Decoction (90.4%) was the most frequently used method of anti- viral herbal preparation, while concoction (0.9%) was least used. Herb sellers (72.6%) constituted the major source of information about the use of anti-viral medicinal herbs, followed by traders, civil servants and herbalists with 17.31, 6.25 and 3.85 respectively. Many plants in the studied area may be a good source of lead molecules needed in viral chemotherapy after extraction of the bioactive components as well as removal of toxic residue following toxicological studies.

Key words: Leguminosae, mono-prescription, chickenpox, decoction.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-006, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The bactericidal and fungicidal effects of salicid on pathogenic organisms involved in hospital infections

S. M. E. Rahman, Joong Hyun Park and Deog-Hwan Oh*

Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology,

Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea.

Accepted 15 March, 2019

Abstract

The study was designed to investigate bactericidal and fungicidal actions of salicid (pH: 6.7, ORP: 760 mV, residual chlorine of 2 to 5 ppm) on hospital infections. Four of the most common opportunistic pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Rhizopus oryzae, and Aspergillus fumigatus) were used for this study. Cultures were inoculated in 9 mL of salicid and incubated for 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 min at room temperature (23 ± 2°C). A dipping method was followed for this study. Untreated pathogens were treated as control. Compared to the untreated control, a reduction of 1.10 to 6.08 log₁₀ CFU/mL for aforementioned pathogens were recorded as the result of treatment with 2 and 5 ppm salicid, respectively. The highest bactericidal effect was found with S. aureus for 5 ppm salicid with 0.5 min immerse time. Salicid treatment with 0.5 min dipping and 5 ppm residual chlorine also reduced K. pneumoniae, R. oryzae, and A. fumigatus by 5.00, 3.50 and 2.63 log₁₀ CFU/mL, respectively. Our findings showed that in each pathogen, efficacy of salicid decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increased dipping time, from 0.5 to 10 min and there was significant difference (p < 0.05) observed between 2 and 5 ppm salicid treatment in reducing pathogens. The results indicate that salicid may be a useful disinfectant for hospital infections, but its clinical application has still to be evaluated.

Key words: Salicid, bactericidal and fungicidal effect, hospital infections.

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-009, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Determining the knowledge of food safety and purchasing behavior of the consumers living in Turkey and Kazakhstan

Nevin Sanlier¹*, Ayhan Dağdeviren, Bülent Çelik, Saniye Bilici and Aktolkin Abubakirova

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.

Accepted 18 February, 2019

Abstract

Complete and balanced nutrition with reliable food consists of the basis of health and protective health services. Therefore, the current study was carried out to determine the knowledge of food safety level and purchasing behavior of 668 consumers living both in Turkey (n=348) and in Kazakhstan (n=320) and to compare the results. Volunteered consumers for the research were given a face to face interview between March and September 2010. It was found that the knowledge of purchasing behavior (14.43±2.56) of food safety (20.82±4.20) of the consumers living in Turkey was higher compared to those living in Kazakhstan (11.84±2.92, 14.74±3.86 respectively) and that the difference between the two countries was statistically significant (p<0.01). In addition, a positive correlation was found between knowledge of food safety and purchasing behavior (r=0.541, p< 0.01); age and purchasing behavior (r=0.325, p< 0.01) and knowledge score of food safety (r=0.148, p< 0.01).

Key words: Purchasing behavior, knowledge of food safety, consumer, Turkey, Kazakhstan.