ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Synthesis and characterization of methyl methaacrylate and 2- methaacrylate and their application on pigment printing textile fabrics
Hossein Najafi Kutanaee1* and Hamid Reza Aghaee2
Department of Textile, Islamic Azad University, Shahre Rey branch, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 17 January, 2019
Abstract
This paper was reported the synthesis and characterization of two samples of styrene – acrylic emulsion copolymers. It was performed in the presence of acrylic- acid, acryl amid, ammonium persulfate as a free radical initiator and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfate as an anionic emulsifier at 80°C. Thereafter, styrene –acrylate copolymers thus synthesized were subjected to characterization by means of IR spectral data, particle size determination. The synthesized emulsion copolymers was formulated by pigmented printing paste in the presence of an acrylic thickener in toe different concentration 3 and 5% then printed on cotton and polyester fabrics and then dried at 95°C at 2 min and then fixation at 150°C at 3 min. The characteristics of cured prints such as paste add-on, colour fastness to washing, K/S and dry/wet rubbing were evaluated, together with fabrics stiffness. The highest K/S is obtained and the fastness properties range between good and excellent for samples printed using methyl metha acrylate styrene (MMA) based, this is true irrespective of the type of printed fabric. The lowest K/S is obtained in case of using ethyl acrylate styrene (EA) as a commercial binder. The binder of 2-ethylhexylacrylate (2-EHA) gives K/S better than the binder of butyl acrylate styrene (BA) for two the types of printed fabrics.
Key words: Styrene-acrylic binders, pigment printing of cotton, polyester textile fabrics.
Hamid Reza Aghaee, Hossein Najafi Kutanaee*
Short Communication
Antimicrobial potential of Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev.
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-003, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Antimicrobial potential of Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev.
Nurcihan Hacioglu1, Ilgaz Akata2 and Basaran Dulger1*
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Turkey.
2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
Accepted 04 January, 2019
Abstract
The ethanolic extracts obtained from the macrofungus Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev. (Ascomycetes) have been investigated for their antimicrobial activity. Growth inhibition using agar disc diffusion assays was determined against Escherichia coli ATCC 11230, S. aureus ATCC 6538P, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 8427, Bacillus cereus ATCC 7064, Micrococcus luteus CCM 169, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Rhodotorula rubra DSM 70403, Geotrichum capitatum ATCC 28576, Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238, Kluyveromyces fragilis ATCC 8608 and Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 90112. As a result of study, we have found that X. polymorpha revealed antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms. Especially, G. capitatum is more susceptible to the extracts.
Key words: Xylaria polymorpha, antimicrobial activity.
Ilgaz Akata and Basaran Dulger*, Nurcihan Hacioglu
Research Article
Antibacterial effects of Oradex, Gengigel and Salviathymol-n mouthwash on dental biofilm bacteria
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antibacterial effects of Oradex, Gengigel and Salviathymol-n mouthwash on dental biofilm bacteria
F. H. AL-Bayaty1*, T. B. Taiyeb-Ali2, M. A. Abdulla3 and Z. B. Mahmud3
1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Teknologi Mara 40450 Shah Alam Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
2Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya.
3Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya.
Accepted 01 January, 2019
Abstract
Three mouthwashes Gengigel, Oradex and Salviathymol N, were tested using experimental microorganisms included Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus constellatus, Eikenella corrodens and dental plaque. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used as internal controls. Antibacterial activity was done by diffusion test. Minimum inhibitory concentration test and assessment of bacterial morphology was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that Oradex had a higher antibacterial effect, followed by Salviathymol N; Gengigel mouthwash have weak antibacterial effects against tested microorganisms and dental plaque. SEM observations demonstrated that chlorhexidine exhibited obvious changes in that most of the bacteria loss their original shape and became irregular. The cell also shrunk, became reduced in size. Salviathymol N showed some significant changes while Gengigel failed to exhibited changes on the bacterial morphology of the tested microorganisms. In conclusion Oradex and Salviathymol N can be used as antibacterial mouthwash for chemical plaque control. Gengigel demonstrated weak antibacterial effects which could not be recommended as anti-dental plaque agent.
Key words: Gengigel, Oradex, Salviathymol N, Dental biofilm.
T. B. Taiyeb-Ali, M. A. Abdulla and Z. B. Mahmud, F. H. AL-Bayaty*
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) for a novel antibiotic
Chen Xiaoxi
Basic Medicine College, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Binjiang District, Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, postcode: 310053, People Replublic of China. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 0086-0571-86613774.
Accepted 05 January, 2019
Abstract
A novel antibiotic had a wide range of antibacterial spectrum. It was very stable to heat and to acid and alkali. In addition, the effects of storage on the antibiotic had not been observed even after it had been placed in a 37°C thermostat for up to four weeks. The MICs for the antibiotic against eleven strains of bacteria had been determined. Also, the determinations of the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) against four bacteria were conducted. The antibiotic-producer (Bacillus subtilis) was no better in tolerating its own antibiotic than all the non BS-producers tested.
Key words: Antibiotic, stability, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs).
Chen Xiaoxi
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-009, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In vitro evaluation of anti-staphylococcal activity of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma praelongum and Ganoderma resinaceum from Pune, India
Abdulghani Ameri1*, Jitendra G. Vaidya2 and Subhash S. Deokule3
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
2Department of Botany, University of Pune, Pune-411007, India.
Accepted 25 January, 2019
Abstract
Antimicrobial activity of Ganoderma praelongum, Ganoderma resinaceum and Ganoderma lucidum were evaluated against thirty strains of clinical isolates of methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) by the well agar diffusion and microtiter plate dilution. Chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water were used as extractive solvents. Standard antibiotic disks of methicillin, vancomycin, linezolid, and mupirocin were used for susceptibility testing of the test microorganisms. Maximum activity of crude extracts was exhibited by ethyl acetate. Sesquiterpeoids extract of G. praelongum (35.67 ± 0.62 mm) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.390 – 6.25 mg/ml. Diterpenoids and triterpenoids displayed moderate activity while polysaccharides IIIa and IIIb showed weak activity. All bacterial strains were resistant to polysaccharides I and II.
Key words: Ganoderma praelongum, Ganoderma resinaceum, Ganoderma lucidum, Staphylococcus aureus, antimicrobial activity.
Abdulghani Ameri*, Jitendra G. Vaidya and Subhash S. Deokule
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-009, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Fibrolytic potential of spent compost of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus to degrade forages for ruminants
M. Ayala1, S. S. González-Muñoz2* J. M. Pinos-Rodríguez3, C. Vázquez1, M. Meneses2, O. Loera4 and G. D. Mendoza4
1Facultad de Medicina Veterinariay Zootecnia. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México.
2Ganadería, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Estado de México, México.
3Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, México.
4Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidades Iztapalapa and Xochimilco, México City, México.
Accepted 17 January, 2019
Abstract
To evaluate the fibrolytic potential to degrade forages, extracts from spent compost of Agaricus bisporus (SCAB) were evaluated in vitro. Firstly, SCAB was cultivated for 50, 60 and 90 days (culture stage) and enzyme activity was evaluated. The highest cellulase activity was at 60 days; xylanase activity was not affected by culture stage and laccase activity increased as culture stage increased. Secondly, extracts of SCAB cultivated for 60 days were preserved by refrigeration, freezing, freeze-drying, refrigeration + benzoic acid, freezing + benzoic acid, freezing + glycerol, or freezing + benzoic acid-glycerol and then fibrolytic activity was evaluated. The highest fibrolytic activity was shown by SCAB frozen with addition of either glycerol or benzoic acid, or freeze- dried. Finally, effects of SCAB as an additive to enhance ruminal degradation of alfalfa hay, Taiwan grass, barley straw, and spent compost of A. bisporus were evaluated. Soluble fraction of dry matter of alfalfa and potential degradation of dry matter of Taiwan grass and barley straw were increased by SCAB. It is concluded that SCAB showed a noticeable fibrolytic activity which might increase degradation of forages in the rumen.
Key words: Agaricus bisporus, degradation, fibrolytic enzymes, forages, ruminants.
M. Ayala, O. Loera and G. D. Mendoza, S. S. González-Muñoz* J. M. Pinos-RodrÃguez, M. Meneses, C. Vázquez