ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The role of hp1165 gene on the efflux-mediated resistance to tetracycline in clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori
T. Falsafi1*, M. Anoushiravani1 and V. Niknam2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
2School of Biology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 04 January, 2018
Abstract
Tetracycline-resistant (TetR) Helicobacter pylori isolates have emerged in many parts of the world. We have previously demonstrated that among the mechanisms involved in the resistance of H. Pylori to Tet, its active efflux may be an important mechanism. This work, aimed to determine whether presence and/or expression of hp1165 are associated with efflux-mediated resistance to Tet in clinical strains of H. pylori. Twenty five TetR strains including seven low level-resistant, eight intermediately- resistant, and ten high-level resistant strains/or mutants, of which 21 displayed the active efflux ability for Tet, were investigated. They were screened for the presence of mutation (s) in 16S rRNA at 965- 967 position and for the presence of hp1165 gene. Detection of hp1165 gene transcription /or gene expression was performed by RT-PCR Two low-level Tet R strains displaying no efflux ability, that contained mutation (s) at 965-967 position of 16S rRNA. Ten out of 21 TetR strains displaying active efflux abilities, that contained hp1165 gene. Their PCR product was similar to that of 26695 standard strains, susceptible to Tet. RT -PCR was positive for five out of them however; their product size was approximately 100 bps smaller than that of 26695 strains. Regarding to the results of PCR and RT- PCR, hp1165 plays a role in the active efflux of Tet in resistant strains. A post-transcriptional regulation step may be involved in the expression of hp1165 gene in TetR strains.
Key words: Helicobacter pylori, tetracycline, resistance, efflux, hp1165 gene.
M. Anoushiravani and V. Niknam, T. Falsafi*
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular and biochemical characterization of surfactin producing Bacillus species antagonistic to Colletotrichum falcatum Went causing sugarcane red rot
Muhammad Nadeem Hassan1,2, A. Mark Osborn3 and Fauzia Yusuf Hafeez1,2*
1National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box 577, Jhang Road Faisalabad, Pakistan.
2COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Chak Shahzad Campus Park road, Islamabad-Pakistan.
3Department of Animal and Plant sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
Accepted 11 January, 2018
Abstract
Bacillus species suppress phytopathogens by producing lipopeptide antibiotics, hydrolytic enzymes, siderophores and other secondary metabolites. Three bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis NH-100 (EU627167), B. subtilis NH-160 (EU627169) and Bacillus sp. NH-217 (EU627170) with proven ability to suppress red rot disease on sugarcane plants were further characterized to elucidate the multiple modes of action involved in their biocontrol activity. Plate assays pointed out the production of protease and antibiotics. Lipopeptide antibiotic surfactin was detected in the culture extract of B. subtilis NH-160 and Bacillus sp. NH-217 through LC-MS (Liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry). These results were further supported by identifying the presence of sfp and srfAC genes of surfactin biosynthetic operon using specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Two strains B. subtilis NH-160 and Bacillus sp. NH-217 were further analyzed for their survival in compost which successfully retained consistency in their population 4.0 - 5.0 log CFUg-1 after 14th day. Bacteria capable of suppressing pathogens and maintaining their population by competing with other microbes can be successfully utilized as biopesticide for sustainable organic farming.
Key words: Bacillus, biocontrol, surfactin, sugarcane, red rot.
Muhammad Nadeem Hassan A. Mark Osborn, Fauzia Yusuf Hafeez*
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In vitro antimicrobial activity of leaves of Acalypha indica Linn. (Euphorbiaceae)
M. N. Somchit1,2*, R. Abdul Rashid1, A. Abdullah1, A. Zuraini1, Z. A. Zakaria1, M. R. Sulaiman1, A. K. Arifah3 and A. R. Mutalib3
1Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
2Sports Academy, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
3Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Accepted 03 January, 2018
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of water, ethanol and chloroform extracts of Acalypha indica was tested against four bacterial and fungal strains using the disc diffusion method. The antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria was more pronounced (p < 0.05) in water and ethanol extracts. Antifungal activity was more significant (p < 0.05) only in chloroform extract. This antimicrobial activity was compared to standard antibiotics (penicillin, enrofloxacin, ampicillin and chlorampenicol) and antifungal drugs (ketoconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole). Findings from current study support the use of Acalypha indica in traditional medicine for the treatment of various bacterial and fungal infections.
Key words: Antifungal, antibacterial, disc diffusion assay.
Z. A. Zakaria, M. R. Sulaiman, A. Zuraini, R. Abdul Rashid, A. K. Arifah and A. R. Mutalib, M. N. Somchit*, A. Abdullah
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Identification of Streptococcus salivarius bacteriophage isolated from Persian Gulf as a potential agent for dental caries phage therapy
Keivan Beheshti Maal1, Majid Bouzari1* and Farahnaz Arbabzadeh Zavareh2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
2Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran.
Accepted 13 January, 2018
Abstract
The aim of this research was to detect oral Streprtococci bacteriophages from Persian Gulf. Dental plaque samples were collected using sterile explorer and cultured in brain heart infusion (BHI) Broth. The oral Streptococci were isolated in culture media. The Persian Gulf water sample was gathered using a sterile bottle from the depth of 50 cm under the inframarine surface at Boushehr Port, Boushehr state, Iran. The Persian Gulf water was centrifuged and its supernatant was filtered through a 0.45 micrometers membrane filter and with a sterile Millipore filtration system. The filtrates were added to activate oral Streptococci at their logarithmic phase and cultured in (BHI) Agar using overlay method. Bacteriophage plaque forming assay in (BHI) Agar and clearance of (BHI) Broth suggested the presence of specific bacteriophages in sample. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the capsid of the isolated bacteriophage was hexagonal (diameter: ~ 83.33 nm) most probably related to Cystoviridae family. This is the first report of isolation and identification of oral Streptococci bacteriophages from Persian Gulf located in South of Iran. The applications of these lytic phages as a potential for phage therapy of dental plaque could be considered as the significance and impact of the present study.
Key words: Persian Gulf, Streptococcus salivarius, bacteriophages, phage therapy, dental plaque, pharmaceutical and medical biotechnology.
Majid Bouzari* and Farahnaz Arbabzadeh Zavareh, Keivan Beheshti Maal
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Textile effluent treatment by Bacillus species isolated from processed food
N.Murugalatha1*, A. Mohankumar2, A. Sankaravadivoo3 and C. Rajesh1
1Department of Microbiology, Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641 028, Tamil Nadu, India.
2Department of Zoology, Chikkanna Government Arts and Science college, Tirupur- 637 025, Tamilnadu, India.
3Department of Botany, Government Arts College, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
Accepted 11 January, 2018
Abstract
Colour removal of industrial effluent has been a major concern in waste water treatment, especially for the waste water that originates from textile and dye stuff plant with a continuous discharge of great quantity of remaining dyes to the environment. The efficient treatment of the effluent is an eco- friendly method for the treatment of textile effluent. Bacillus species was isolated from the processed food-pickles and were characterized by means of biochemical reactions. Spore formers, non spore formers and their supernatant were used for the treatment. Effluent collected from the textile was diluted to 10, 50 and 90%, were subjected to biological treatment. The level of degradation rate was increased to 87.7 to 93.3% on dilution at 50 and 90% respectively when spore formers were used. The culture supernatant was able to degrade the dye at a rate of 34% with crude effluent and 98 with 90% of diluted effluent. Probably the metabolites produced by the organism were involved in the dye degradation process.
Key words: Textile effluent, Bacillus species, declorization, aerobic degradation.
A. Mohankumar, N.Murugalatha* , A. Sankaravadivoo and C. Rajesh
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Serological and bacteriological study of leptospirosis in slaughtered cattle in north of Iran (Rasht)
T. Shafighi1, G. Abdollahpour2*, T. Zahraei Salehi1 and H. Tadjbakhsh1
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Clinical Sciences, Leptospira Research Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 02 January, 2018
Abstract
A serological and bacteriological study was performed in Guilan industrial slaughter house, in Rasht, North of Iran in 2009. To investigate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in slaughtered cattle in Guilan, 59 and 39 random serum samples were collected from cows and bulls, respectively. None of the cattles was vaccinated against leptospirosis. Also urine samples were collected from all of the blood-sampled cattle and cultured. All serum samples were serologically tested by microscopic agglutination test (MAT), as a standard method for serological diagnosis of leptospirosis. The serum samples were tested for antibodies against eight live antigens of Leptospira interrogans serovars: Australis, Autumnalis, Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Sejroe. The lowest dilution that each serum was considered positive was 1:100. The results of this study showed that 37 (37.8%) animals had a positive reaction against one or more serovars. The most prevalent Leptospira serovars was Pomona (49.0%). One leptospiral organism was isolated from 98 urine samples of cows and bulls. The results of this study indicates that leptospiral infection is magnified in cattle in Rasht, and cattle have a major role in maintaining Pomona serovar; indeed they are a potential zoonotic risk to slaughter house workers, meat inspectors, milkers and farmers.
Key words: Iran, Rasht, serology, bacteriology, cattle, leptospirosis.
T. Shafighi, G. Abdollahpour*, T. Zahraei Salehi and H. Tadjbakhsh
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