ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (12), pp. 001-004, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Captopril interferes with some serum biochemical findings
I. A. Ibrahim1, F. S. Al-Joudi 2*, R. Waleed Sulaiman2 and B. Hilal AL-Saffar2
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
2Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Accepted 22 February, 2018
Abstract
Captopril is a widely used anti-hypertensive drug that acts by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme. This work has been carried out to investigate the effects of captopril on some common biochemical laboratory parametres in the sera of patients receiving the drug. For this study, 40 subjects were included, all within the age range of 40 to 63 years and with newly diagnosed essential hypertension. From each patient, two samples were taken, one immediately before the start of treatment and the second one taken two weeks later. The control group comprised 30 apparently healthy volunteers of comparable ages and genders. The biochemical parameters measured in the sera were glucose, total protein (TP), urea, creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), liver enzymes and creatine kinase (CK). Captopril exerted significant increases in the obtained readings for the concentrations of glucose, TP, urea, creatinine, TC, TG, AST and LDH. The increases in readings in the biochemical parameters may be attributable to chemical or to physical interactions. They could also be induced by physiological, enzymatic or by IN VIVO metabolic factors. By all means, these alterations that accompany captopril treatment must be taken into account by physicians and laboratory workers, to help avoid misinterpretation of laboratory data.
Key words. Captopril, biochemical laboratory tests, drug interactions.
I. A. Ibrahim, R. Waleed Sulaiman and B. Hilal AL-Saffar, F. S. Al-Joudi *
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (12), pp. 001-007, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Application of acid-hydrolyzed cassava (Manihot esculenta) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) for the production of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Nyerhovwo J. Tonukari* and Linda I. Osumah
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, P. M. B. 1, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Accepted 7 April, 2018
Abstract
Much progress has been made in the cultivation and production of cassava (Manihot esculenta) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Nigeria. In the present study, investigation was carried out on the possibility of using cassava flour as a source of glucose as well as cowpea as source of nitrogen in the production of yeast. Acid hydrolysis (using dilute H2SO4) of cassava and cowpea was undertaken to release the sugars and amino acids. The pH of the growth medium using hydrolyzed cassava as carbon source and cowpea as nitrogen source was varied from pH 2.5 - 6.5. The results obtained show that pH 6.5 gave optimum yeast biomass. The hydrolyzed cassava was also varied in the growth medium. The result obtained shows that increased concentrations of acid-hydrolyzed cassava increased yeast biomass, indicating that hydrolyzed cassava is a good carbon source of glucose for yeast production. It was also observed that yeast biomass using acid hydrolyzed cowpea extract as nitrogen source was high. This is due to the fact that cowpea contains 66.35% of carbohydrate in addition to about 25% protein and hence a good source of carbon and nitrogen in the culture medium. The residual glucose concentration of the yeast culture for each medium was also determined. The result obtained indicates that with increased yeast biomass, there was significant decrease in the residual glucose. Also, there was a significant decrease in pH of the culture media following yeast culture; the culture media tends to be acidic after yeast culture. Therefore, yeast can be produced using acid hydrolyzed cassava flour as carbon source with cowpea as nitrogen source.
Key words: Cassava, cowpea, yeast, acid hydrolysis, glucose, nitrogen source.
Linda I. Osumah, Nyerhovwo J. Tonukari*
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (12), pp. 001-009, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Ginger extract (Zingiber officinale) triggers apoptosis and G0/G1 cells arrest in HCT 116 and HT 29 colon cancer cell lines
Shailah Abdullah1, Siti Amalina Zainal Abidin1, Noor Azian Murad2, Suzana Makpol1, Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah1 and Yasmin Anum Mohd Yusof1*
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
2Centre of Lipids and Engineering and Applied Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Semarak, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Accepted 22 October, 2018
Abstract
Although many studies have shown the antitumor properties of ginger extract (Zingiber officinale), little is known regarding the mechanism of its effects. This study was conducted to determine the mechanism of antitumor effects of ginger extract by evaluating apoptosis rate and cell cycle progression status in colon cancer cell lines HCT 116 and p53 defective HT 29. HCT 116 and HT 29 cells were cultured in the presence of ginger extract at various concentrations for 24 h. The percentage of cell viability was determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-di phenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Our results showed that ginger extract inhibited proliferation of HCT 116 and HT 29 cells with an IC50 of 496 ± 34.2 µg/ml and 455 ± 18.6 µg/ml, respectively. We also found that ginger extract at increasing concentrations induced apoptosis dose dependently in both colon cancer cells. Apoptosis rates were 11.15, 35.05 and 57.49% for HCT 116 and 4.39, 19.81 and 28.09% for HT 29 at 200, 500 and 800 µg/ml of ginger extract, respectively. Ginger extract arrested HCT 116 and HT 29 cells at G0/G1 and G2/M phases with corresponding decreased in S-phase. This study suggests that ginger extract may exert its antitumor effects on colon cancer cells by suppressing its growth, arresting the G0/G1-phase, reducing DNA synthesis and inducing apoptosis.
Key words: Zingiber officinale, HCT 116, HT 29, G0/G1 phase, S phase, apoptosis.
Noor Azian Murad, Siti Amalina Zainal Abidin, Shailah Abdullah, Suzana Makpol, Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah and Yasmin Anum Mohd Yusof*
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (12), pp. 001-008, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
AQY1 gene from Debaryomyces hansenii
Juan Carlos González-Hernández
Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas “Dr. Ignacio Chávez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +52 433 312 05 10. Ext: 120. Fax: +52 433 312 00 14. Ext: 132.
Accepted 15 April, 2018
Abstract
Aquaporins are members of the major intrinsic protein superfamily of integral membrane proteins that enable the transport of water, glycerol and other solutes across membranes in diverse organisms. In yeasts, the proposed physiological roles of aquaporins are related to their contribution to freeze tolerance, osmoregulation and water transport. This article reports a contribution to the freeze tolerance in the heterologous expression of the Debaryomyces hansenii aquaporin gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the present experiments, the transformant cells were similarly sensitive to osmotic stress conditions, since their growth capacity phenotype was equivalently abolished in the presence of 0.6 and 1.0 M NaCl. Northern analysis of the yeasts studied revealed a correlation between freeze resistance and the aquaporin gene AQY1.
Key words: Debaryomyces hansenii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, aquaporin, freeze tolerance.
Juan Carlos González-Hernández
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (12), pp. 001-007, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Production of yeast using acid-hydrolyzed cassava and poultry manure extract
L. I. Osumah and N. J. Tonukari*
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, P. M. B. 1, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Accepted 16 April, 2018
Abstract
Cassava is made up of starch as its major nutritive reserve. Starch which is one of the most important products synthesized by plants is consumed as food and can be used in industrial processes. This investigation seeks to explore the availability of cassava as a source of glucose as well as poultry manure as a source of nitrogen in the production of yeast. Cassava flour was hydrolyzed with 0.5% (v/v) concentrated H2SO4 as carbon source for the production of yeast. It was found that pH 6.5 gave optimum yeast growth. Increased concentrations of acid-hydrolyzed cassava and poultry manure extracts led to significant (P < 0.05) increase in yeast biomass after 36 h culture. The residual glucose concentration was also determined and was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) increased with increase in the concentration of poultry manure extract. Therefore, yeast can be produced using acid hydrolyzed cassava flour as carbon source with poultry manure extract as nitrogen source. The methods described in this work can be used in the development of a rapid method of producing glucose and simple sugars from cassava through acid hydrolysis and combining this with poultry manure for yeast production.
Key words: Yeast, poultry manure extract, acid-hydrolyzed cassava.
L. I. Osumah, N. J. Tonukari*
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 12 (12), pp. 001-006, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Purification and characterization of chitinase from Micrococcus sp.AG84 isolated from marine environment
N. Annamalai*, S. Giji, M. Arumugam and T. Balasubramanian
Centre of Advanced Study (CAS) in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608502, India.
Accepted 10 October, 2018
Abstract
Chitinase producing bacterial strain Micrococcus sp. AG84 isolated from marine sediments grew maximally in shake flask and produced chitinase at 35°C, pH 8.0. Chitinase activity was found to be maximum at 45°C, pH 8.0, and the enzyme was 100% stable even at 60°C and pH 11.0. Added with Fe2+, Ca2+ and Ni2+ chitinase activity increased but it was inhibited by EDTA. The molecular weight of purified chitinase is 33 kDa.
Key words: Micrococcus sp. AG84, chitinase, thermostable, alkaline, marine.
N. Annamalai*, M. Arumugam and T. Balasubramanian, S. Giji
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