ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular prevalence for Bovine immunodeficiency virus infection in Iranian cattle population
Elahe Tajbakhsh1*, Gholamreza Nikbakht Borujeni2, Hassan Momtazan3 and Nour Amirmozafari4
1Department of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran .Tehran Iran.
2Departemant of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Gholamreza Nikbakht Borujeni, Tehran Iran.
3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord, Hassan Momtaz, Shahrekord-Iran.
4Iran University of Medical Sciences, Nour amirmozafari, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 11 May, 2016
Abstract
Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), a member of the family Retroviridae, is an infectious pathogenic lentivirus in cattle. Although, BIV induced cattle infections are reported in several countries of the world, its prevalence in Iran is not clearly known. In this investigation, we report the detection of proviral DNA sequence of BIV in 300 blood samples of cattle by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using oligonucleotiode primers specific for the gag gene region of the virus. Blood samples were taken from Chaharmahale Bakhtiary province. According to the PCR results, infection rate in the cattle population were 60%. This is the first report for the presence of BIV in cattle and sheep population of Chaharmahale Bakhtiary province, and the first evidence for sheep infection.
Key words: Bovine immunodeficiency virus, cattle, Chaharmahale Bakhtiary province, Iran, PCR.
Elahe Tajbakhsh*, Hassan Momtazan and Nour Amirmozafari, Gholamreza Nikbakht Borujeni
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Correlation analysis of inhibin B, follistatin and activin A in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Shen ZongJi1, Chen Xiao-Ping2*, Wang WanXiang3, Liu HongMei2 and Ren XinPing2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, YanCheng 1st People Hospital, YanCheng City 224000 Jiangsu, China.
3Clinical laboratory, YanCheng 1st People Hospital, YanCheng City 224000 Jiangsu, China.
Accepted 17 May, 2016
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a term used to describe women who have a tendency, because of abnormal ovulation to develop multiple small cysts on their ovaries. In this study, we investigated the abnormal levels of serum inhibin B, follistatin and activin A in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Serum levels of inhibin B, follistatin and activin A on cycle day 3 were measured both in PCOS group and in controls (women with regular cycle). The difference between the two groups and relationship of inhibin B, follistatin and activin A with other sex hormone, body mass index (BMI), insulin and fast glucose were analyzed. Levels of serum inhibin B in PCOS were higher (P < 0.001) (290 ± 86 pg/ml) than those of controls (172 ± 53 pg/ml) and follistatin were higher (P = 0.01) in PCOS (1317 ± 392) pg/ml than controls (804 ± 203) pg/ml. Levels of serum activin A were lower (P < 0.05) in PCOS (545 ± 44 pg/ml) than those of controls (588 ± 89 pg/ml). In PCOS women, serum inhibin B levels were positively correlated with insulin (r = 0.436, P < 0.05) and glucose (r = 0.618, P < 0.05). Serum activin A levels were negatively correlated with insulin (r = -0.442, P < 0.05). Serum follistatin levels were positively correlated with age and negatively correlated with T. Abnormal paracrine or autocrine in inhibin/follistatin/activin system may be partly responsible for the hypogenesis of pre-ovular follicles in PCOS and it is obvious that hyperinsulinemia may be affected by higher concentrations of inhibin B and lower concentrations of activin A.
Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, follistatin, activin, hyperinsulinemia.
Liu HongMei and Ren XinPing, Shen ZongJi, Wang WanXiang, Chen Xiao-Ping*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Ballota acetabulosa
Basaran Dulger1* and Alper Sener2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale – Turkey.
2Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale – Turkey.
Accepted 17 May, 2016
Abstract
The ethanol extracts obtained from Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth (Lamiaceae) were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 7064, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Stapylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Escherichia coli ATCC 10538, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 6899, Salmonella typhimurium CCM 5445, Psuedomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 70238, Kluyveromyces fragilis ATCC 8608 and Rhodotorula rubra DSM 70403 by disc diffusion method and micro dilution method. The extracts showed strong antibacterial activity against E. coli, with inhibition zones of 18.6 mm and with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of 16 (32) µg/mL, respectively. K. fragilis is among the most susceptible in the yeast cultures, with inhibition zone of 18.2 mm and with MICs and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of 16 (32) µg/mL, respectively. Also, the extracts exhibited moderate activity in the other test of micro -organisms. The results demonstrate that the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of B. acetabulosa has significant activity and suggest that it may be useful in the treatment of infections.
Key words: Ballota acetabulosa, ethanol extract, antimicrobial activity.
Basaran Dulger*, Alper Sener
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full length Research Paper
Occurrence and pathogenicity of various pathogenic fungi on cucurbits from Kermanshah province, Iran
K. Chehri1*, S. Abbasi2, K. R. N. Reddy1 and B. Salleh1
1School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
2Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Accepted 7 May, 2016
Abstract
Cucurbits ( Cucurbitaceae) are among the important plant families providing edible products to humans worldwide. It is known fact that various pathogenic fungi can attack the plants and cause diseases and resultantly yield losses. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the plant pathogenic fungi from cucurbit plants and to evaluate their pathogenicity on cucurbits. A total of 101 cucurbit samples infected with diseases were collected from different places in Kermanshah Province, Iran. From these samples 101 strains of various pathogenic fungi were isolated and identified through morphological characters. All strains were belongs to Fusarium oxysporum , Macrophomina phaseolina, Phytophthora melonis, Phytophthora drechsleri, Pythium aphanidermatum and two morphotypes of Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC). P. aphanidermatum and Phytophthora sp. strains were recovered from the samples collected from irrigated field, while Fusarium and M. phaseolina strains from rain fed field. All these pathogenic fungi were evaluated to study their pathogenicity on cucumber (Cucumis sativum) and honeydew melon (Cucumis melo) . P. melonis, P. drechsleri, F. oxysporum and P. aphanidermatum caused the damping off within 10 - 20 days on both plants tested. The stem rot symptoms were observed on the 7th day after inoculation of F. solani and M. phaseolina on both plants tested. The inoculated fungi were re-isolated from the diseased plants to prove the Koch’s postulates. This is the first comprehensive report on identity and distribution of major plant pathogenic fungi causing root and stem rots on cucurbits in west of Iran.
Key words: Root and stem rot, pathogenicity, cucurbits, Iran.
S. Abbasi, K. Chehri*, K. R. N. Reddy and B. Salleh
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence of extended-spectrum b-Lactamases producing Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from stool samples collected in the Limpopo province, South Africa
J. N. Ramalivhana1*, C. L. Obi2 and S. R. Moyo1
1College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of South Africa, South Africa.
2Academic and Research Division, Nelson Mandela Drive, Walter Sisulu University, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Accepted 11 March, 2017
Abstract
Aeromonas producing extended-spectrum ß- lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported in many countries, but there is no information on the prevalence of ESBL-producing clinical Aeromonas in South African. A total of 230 isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were isolated from 660 stool samples and 709 water samples collected in different municipalities in Limpopo province, South Africa over a period of three month. Isolates were screened for the production of ESBLs by the double disk diffusion test and for AmpC production by assessing resistance to cefoxitin. blaSHV, blaTEM , blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 were isolated from all ESBL-positive and cefoxitin-resistant isolates. Only 21 isolates were found to be ESBL producers. All 21 isolates were screened for the production of blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 ESBLs. Only (1/21) was found to produce blaTEM 63 and blaCMY-2. All transconjugants were resistant to amoxicillin, piperacillin, the cephalosporins and aztreonam but remained susceptible to cefoxitin and imipenem. Crude extracts of ß-lactamase-producing transconjugants were able to reduce the diameters of inhibition zones around disks containing penicillin, but had no effect on such zones around cefoxitin, imipenem and amoxicillin-clavulanate disks. In conclusion, the occurrence of ESBLs in A .hydrophila emphasizes the importance of constant surveillance of clinical isolates to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes.
Key words: Extended-spectrum b-lactamases- Aeromonas hydrophilia , antibiotics , resistance.
J. N. Ramalivhana*, C. L. Obi and S. R. Moyo
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Qualititative analysis of organically farmed pulse varieties using FTIR (fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy
Jyotsna Saurav1, Neeraj Kumar1, R. Balaji Raja1*and D. Kantha Arunachalam2
1Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, Kattankulathur – 603203, Tamilnadu, India.
2Center for Inter-Disciplinary Research, Directorate of research, SRM University, Kattankulathur –603203, Tamilnadu, India.
Accepted 17 May, 2016
Abstract
Organic farming is increasing in proportion every year with almost all cash crops being produced by it. Pulses also can be produced using organic farming. Four different samples of moong dhal grown by conventional farming and organic farming were collected and analyzed qualitatively using FTIR (fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy. Samples were conventional moong dhal, cheaper and easily available in market, organic white, organic green leaf and organic green complete moong dhal have been taken. Peak difference was observed in two major areas in the composition confirming the presence of additional functional group. Peaks of wavelength 2498 cm-1 which was present in conventional moong dhal and 550 cm-1 present in organic green leaf moong dhal showed significant difference when compared with other wavelengths as they are absent in any other of the sample. The effect of organic farming in case of moong dhal seemed to make no significant difference in their composition in comparison with the moong dhal produced by conventional faming.
Key words : Moong dhal, farming, composition, ingredients, organic.
R. Balaji Raja*and D. Kantha Arunachalam, Jyotsna Saurav, Neeraj Kumar
Page: 1 - 10