ISSN 2736-1756
Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2006
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2006 International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Carrier rate of enteric bacteria associated with diarrhoea in children and pupils in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
Adegunloye, D.V.
Microbiology Department Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704 Akure, Ondo State Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 24 November, 2005
Abstract
One hundred stool samples were collected from children and pupils in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. These were examined for the presence of enteric bacteria associated with diarrhea. Seventy of the samples were collected from apparently healthy pupils in some public primary schools in Akure, while thirty samples were collected from children in the Children’s Ward of the Ondo State Specialist Hospital, Akure. All the samples were pre-enriched for Salmonella and Shigella in selenite–F broth and also streaked on MacConkey and Deoxychocolate citrate agar plates. The following bacterial were isolated; Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella enteritidis, Yersina enterocolitica ,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris. S. dysenteriae was found to be most frequent in children aged six to twenty-four months and one to twelve years. The carrier rate of S. dysentriae among males was very high compared to the females and there was high rate of bacteria isolates among the children of poor socio-economic status, poor sanitation and poorly breast-fed children.
Key words: Diarrhoea, deoxychocolate citrate, enteric, transmission.
D.V. , Adegunloye
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2006
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2006 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A reproducible protocol for regeneration and transformation in canola (Brassica napus L.)
Reda E. A. Moghaieb, Mohamed A. El-Awady, Rabab G. El Mergawy, Sawsan S. Youssef and Ahmed M. El-Sharkawy*
Department of Genetics and Genetic Engineering Research Center (GERC), Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Accepted 5 October, 2005
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to develop an efficient protocol for shoot and plant regeneration using five commercial canola cultivars grown under the Egyptian agricultural conditions. The regeneration efficiency from hypocotyl explants was examined. The data indicated that embryonic calli were formed within two weeks in the presence of 1 mgl-1 2,4-D. Adventitious shoots emerged from the embryonic callus in the presence of 4.5 mgl-1 BA. The cultivars showed a varied response to shoot regeneration. Regeneration frequency was high in the cultivar Sarow -4 (68%) followed by Masrri L-16 (64%) compared with the other cultivars tested. Hypocotyl explants from the cultivars Sarow-4 and Semu-249 were inoculated and co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring a binary vector pBI-121 containing the neomycin phosphotransferase-II gene (NPT-II). The resulted putative transgenic plantlets were able to grow under knanamycin containing medium. The stable integration of the NPT-II gene into the plant genomes was tested by PCR using NPT-II -specific primers. The GUS gene expression can be detected only in the transgenic plants. The reported protocol in the present study is repeatable and can be used to regenerate transgenic canola plants expressing the genes present in A. tumifaciens binary vectors.
Key words: Agrobacterium, canola, GUS assay, regeneration, fransformation, NPT II gene.
Sawsan S. Youssef and Ahmed M. El-Sharkawy*, Mohamed A. El-Awady, Rabab G. El Mergawy, Reda E. A. Moghaieb
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2006
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2006 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
GA3 improves flower yield in some cucurbits treated with lead and mercury
Aisha Saleem Khan1* and Najma Yaqub Chaudhry2
1Punjab University, Botany Department, Pakistan.
2Punjab University, Botany Department, Lahore.
Accepted 26 October, 2005
Abstractt
Present study reveals florigenic effects of growth hormones (i.e. gibberellic acid, GA3) and heavy metals (i.e., Pb(NO3)2 and HgCl2) in Cucumis sativus L. and Momordica charantia L. Applied GA3 at 400 ppm caused precocious flowering, increasing the number of pistillate and staminate flowers in both plants. Application of Pb(NO3) 2 and HgCl2 caused significant delay in flowering, consequently leading to reduction in number of flowers. However, when GA3 was applied with Pb(NO3)2 and HgCl2, there was less decrease in staminate and pistillate flowers, revealing the dominant effect of GA3. It can be concluded that inhibitory effects of heavy metals on flowering were partially restored by phytohormones.
Key words: Flowering, heavy metals, phytohormones.
Aisha Saleem Khan*, Najma Yaqub Chaudhry
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2006
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2006 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
An assessment of the microbiological safety of dry yam (gbodo) processed in South West Nigeria
Babajide, J.M.1, Oyewole, O.B.1 and Obadina, O.A.2
1Department of Food Sciences and Technology, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria.
2Department of Food Biotechnology, Bell’s University of Technology, P.O.Box, 892, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Accepted 8 December, 2005
Abstract
The microorganisms involved in dry-yam (gbodo) and water used in parboiling from different source (well, pipe-borne, river, stream and pond) were investigated. There was predominance of Staphylococcus aureus, fungi and coliforms in the gbodo samples. Coliforms were also observed in all the parboiling water. In gbodo, the total viable bacterial count was generally high, ranging from 1.1 x 106 cfu/ml from Oyo processing area to 7.8 x 105 cfu/ml from Iseyin processing areas. A large percentage of the microorganisms involved in gbodo were fungi ranging from 8.5 x 105 cfu/ml in samples collected from Abeokuta to 1.2 x 106 cfu/ml in samples from Ibarapa. S. aureus was isolated from all the dry yam samples with counts ranging from 2.5 x 103 cfu/ml in samples collected from Iseyin processing area to 9.0 x 104 cfu/ml from Baruba processing area. The control sample prepared at the laboratory has a low microorganism’ population compared with all the collected samples.
Key words: Gbodo, Microbiological safety, yam, parboiling water.
O.B. and Obadina, Oyewole , Babajide , O.A. , J.M.
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2006
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2006 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Increased heavy metal tolerance of cowpea plants by dual inoculation of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixer Rhizobium bacterium
Saleh M. Saleh Al-Garni
Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80028, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 9 December, 2005
Abstract
Through biological inoculation technology, the bacterial-mycorrhizal-legume tripartite symbiosis in artificially heavy metal polluted soil was documented and the effects of dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus and Rhizobium (N- fixing bacteria, NFB) on the host plant cowpea (Vigna sinensis) in pot cultures were investigated at six concentrations of Zn (0.0 – 1000 mg/kg dry soil) and Cd (0.0 – 100 mg/kg dry soil). From a number of physiological indices measured in this study, microsymbionts significantly increased dry weight, root : shoot ratios, leaf number and area, plant length, leaf pigments, total carbohydrates, N and P content of infected plants as compared with non infected controls at all levels of heavy metal concentrations. Tolerance index of cowpea plants was increased in the presence of microsymbionts than in their absence in polluted soil. Microsymbionts dependencies of cowpea plants tended to be increased at higher levels of Zn and Cd in polluted soil. Metals accumulated by microsymbionts-infected cowpea plant were mostly distributed in root tissues, suggesting that an exclusion strategy for metal tolerance widely exists in them. This study provides evidence for benefits of NFB to AM fungi in the protection of host plants against the detrimental effects of heavy metals. If so, bacterial-AM-legume tripartite symbiosis could be a new approach to increase the heavy metal tolerance of legumes plants under heavy metal polluted soil.
Key word: Mycorrhiza, Vigna sinesis, heavy metals, microsymbiosis, Rhizobium.
Saleh M. Saleh Al-Garni
Page: 1 - 10
Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2006
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2006 International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Analysis of B-genome derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in Musa spp.
C. E. Oriero1*, O. A. Odunola1, Y. Lokko2 and I. Ingelbrecht2
1Dept of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan. Oyo State. Nigeria.
2CBL, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan. Oyo State Nigeria.
Accepted 6 December, 2005
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the genetic variability between 40 Musa genotypes maintained at the Musa germplasm collection of the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan using nine B-genome derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The nine primers produced reproducible and discrete fragments and generated a total of 23 alleles with an average of 2.1. The hierarchical cluster analysis showed clusters of diploid cultivars separate from triploid ones (with the exception of TMB149 (BB) and TMB131 (AB)). Average gene diversity was He = 0.412, and differentiation, given by the fixation index (FST) was low at 0.131.
Key words: Banana, genetic diversity, gene differentiation, plantain.
O. A. Odunola, C. E. Oriero*, Y. Lokko and I. Ingelbrecht
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