ISSN 2736-1756
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2017
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2017 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Poliomyelitis eradication remains a challenge in Africa
Georges Anicet Dahourou1,2* and Souleymane Sawadogo1,3
1Laboratoire de virologie, Centre Muraz, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
2Senior Laboratory advisor, National Reference Laboratory, Haiti.
3Technical Advisor, GAP/CDC, Namibia.
Accepted 2 March, 2017
Abstract
During the last two decade, twelve wild type 1 poliovirus genotypes have been characterized in Africa. Several distinct clusters have been identified within some of them and appeared to be segregated geographically. This distribution could represent newly emerging genotypes and independent sustained circulation of these lineages or cross border transmission between countries of a single genotype followed by a different natural evolution in each country. Concurrent circulation of more than one poliovirus genotype was seen in Nigeria, Togo, Central Africa Republic and South Africa. The present study which has generated a meaningful overview of the endemic circulation of wild type 1 poliovirus in Africa, could be a basis for further evaluation of the impact of mass vaccination campaigns on wild type 1 poliovirus.
Key words: Poliovirus; poliomyelitis, poliovirus, molecular epidemiology.