ISSN 2736-1624
Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (12), pp. 001-009, December, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Appraisal of the antioxidant, phenolic compounds concentration, xanthine oxidase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of Pleurotus salmoneostramineus
Nuhu Alam, Ki Nam Yoon, Youn Jeong Cha, Jeong Hwa Kim, Kyung Rim Lee and Tae Soo Lee*
Division of Life Sciences, University of Incheon, Incheon 406-840, Korea.
Accepted 12 April, 2017
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities, tyrosinase inhibitory effects on the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus salmoneostramineus extracted with acetone, methanol and hot water. The antioxidant activities were performed on -carotene-linoleic acid, reducing power, DPPH, ferrous ions chelating abilities, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities. In addition to this, phenolic compounds were also detected. Acetonic, methanolic and hot water extracts of P. salmoneostramineus showed the similar pattern of -carotene- linoleic acid inhibition. At 8 mg/ml, methanolic extract showed a high reducing power of 1.62. The scavenging effects on DPPH, acetonic and methanolic extracts were effective than hot water extract. The strongest chelating effect was obtained from the acetonic and methanolic extracts at 1.0 mg/ml. Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, formononetin, and biochanin-A were detected from acetonitrile and 0.1N hydrochloric acid (5:1) solvent extract. The xanthine oxidase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of the acetonic, methanolic, and hot water extracts increased with increasing concentration. The results suggested that fruiting bodies of P. salmoneostramineus may have potential as a natural antioxidants.
Key words: Antioxidant, phenolic compounds, Pleurotus salmoneostramineus, tyrosinase inhibition, xanthine oxidase.
Jeong Hwa Kim, Nuhu Alam, Kyung Rim Lee and Tae Soo Lee*, Youn Jeong Cha, Ki Nam Yoon
Page: 1 - 9
https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1125Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Strain crossing to transfer germination and seedling salt tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
A. A. Al-Doss
Department of Plant Production, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 18 June, 2017
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of strain crossing, transferring seedling salt tolerance into elite cultivars of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) without additional selection. Alfalfa cultivars (Mesilla, Moapa 69 and CUF 101) and two donor populations ('AZ-GERM SALT-II' (AZ-GS-II) and AZ-GS-EM) were used in this study. The experiment was conducted during season 2005 at the College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Experimental Research Station, at Deirab near Riyadh (24oN,46oE), Saudi Arabia. Six strain crosses were produced between the two donor populations and three alfalfa cultivars. The performance of strain crosses for salt tolerance at germination (250 mM NaCl) was between 7.0 and 52.4% higher than the non-tolerant parental population. Seedling emergence was uniformly high for all populations with non-saline irrigation in the glasshouse (78 to 90%) and no significant differences in emergence percentage were observed between parental or strain-cross populations. The ratio of performance with saline irrigation to that under non-saline conditions, of strain crosses averaged 10.6% greater than that of the non-tolerant population. Relatively little variation in single-plant forage yield was observed among populations in either irrigation regime. With saline irrigation, significant low-parent heterosis for survival (+33.2%) was observed, only for the strain cross whose parents differed significantly in survival (AZ-GS-II X CUF 101). These results indicate that strain crossing could be used to achieve a rapid improvement in seedling emergence under salt stress in alfalfa. Strain crossing did not have a consistent effect on seedling survival or forage yield under salt stress (100 mM NaCl).
Key words: Lucerne, forage crop, salt tolerance.
A. A. Al-Doss
Page: 1 - 6
https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1119Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of mixed cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc on seed germination and seedling growth of safflower
Alireza Houshmandfar1* and Farhang Moraghebi2
1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Saveh, Iran.
2Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Shahre Rey Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 21 March, 2017
Abstract
Elevated levels of heavy metals in contaminated soils are widely spread and concerns have been raised over the potential risks to humans, animals and agricultural crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mixed cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc on seed germination and seedling growth of safflower under controlled light and temperature conditions. Treatments were included 0 (control), 60, 120, and 180 mg kg -1 which were made by equal amounts of cadmium (¼), copper (¼), nickel (¼), and zinc (¼). The heavy metal mixture treatment showed toxic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of safflower. Increasing the concentration of heavy metal mixture to 180 mg kg-1 showed a significant decrease in seed germination as compared to control treatment (p<0.01). Heavy metal mixture concentration of 60 mg kg-1 reduced shoot fresh and dry weight (p<0.01). Root fresh and dry weight was diversely affected by the heavy metal treatment. However, the heavy metal mixture concentration of 180 mg kg-1 produced the lowest amount of both root fresh and dry weight. A negative response of root and shoot length of safflower to heavy metal mixture application relative to control treatment was observed at 120 mg kg-1 (p<0.01). The study suggests that cultivation of safflower in metal polluted soils should be avoided or appropriate control measures be adopted to maintain the heavy metal content of the soil below the damage threshold level. The heavy metal mixture treatment of 60 mg kg-1 exhibited the lowest percentage of tolerance in germination and seedling growth characteristics of safflower as compared to control.
Key words: Germination, seedling growth, heavy metals, safflower.
far* , Alireza Houshm, Farhang Moraghebi
Page: 1 - 6
https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1116Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (5), pp. 001-008, May, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A study of the increase in knowledge of mammalian fauna of Artvin
Temel Gokturk1*, Faruk Bucak2 and Taner Artvinli3
1Department of Forest Entomology and Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin Turkey.
2Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Governorship Provincial Directorate of Environment and Forestry, Artvin. Republic of Turkey.
3Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hatay Provincial Directorates of Agriculture, Republic of Turkey.
Accepted 21 February, 2017
Abstract
Artvin has got richest and most varied mammals of Turkey. We provided checklist of the mammalian fauna of Artvin based on direct observations, interviews and available literature. A total of 55 mammals belonging to 20 families (total 6 orders; insectivora (7), chiroptera (14), lagomorpha (1), rodentia (18), carnivora (10) and artiodactyla (5)) were reported in Artvin. Twenty nine mammal species were identified by direct observation, and by observation of breeding areas, traces and feces. Although not observed on site during the field studies or reported by inhabitants, twenty six additional species are considered likely to occur in the study area based on literature information. The extent to which the various groups of animals in the study areas are to be protected under the Bern Convention or cited on the IUCN Red List varies from one group to another. There are no endemic species in Artvin mammal fauna. There are 5 NT, 1 VU, 48 LC, 1 DD species have been introduced. Some of the mammal species that were observed or reported in the study area are listed in Annex 2 (18 species) or Annex 3 (13 species).
Key words: Biodiversity, mammals, Artvin-Turkey.
Faruk Bucak and Taner Artvinli, Temel Gokturk*
Page: 1 - 8
https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1111Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (5), pp. 001-009, May, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The phytase from antarctic bacterial isolate, Pseudomonas sp. JPK1 as a potential tool for animal agriculture to reduce manure phosphorus excretion
Inkyung Park and Jaiesoon Cho*
Department of Animal Sciences and Environment, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin- gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
Accepted 14 January, 2017
Abstract
Intracellular phytase activity was found in the Antarctic bacterial isolate, JPK1. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain was related to Pseudomonas sp. The optimal activity of JPK1 phytase occurred at 50°C and pH 5.0 to 5.5. The enzyme was highly specific for phytate with little or no other phosphate conjugates. Enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by Cu 2+ and Zn2+, and completely inactivated by sodium dodecyl sulfate. The enzyme effectively liberated inorganic phosphate from wheat bran, a main feedstuff with high phytate content. The enzyme may be a good candidate for use as an environmental-friendly feed additive to enhance the nutritive value of phytate and reduce phosphorus pollution.
Key words: Antarctic, phytase, Pseudomonas sp., phytate, feed additive.
Inkyung Park, Jaiesoon Cho*
Page: 1 - 9
https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1110Research Article
Frontiers of Agriculture and Food Technology ISSN 7295-2849 Vol. 7 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effects of the maternal behavior score (MBS) on weaning weight and litter survival in sheep
Ayhan Yilmaz1*, Serhat Karaca2, Mehmet Bingöl2, A kin Kor2 and Bari Kaki2
1Hizan Vocational School, Bitlis Eren University, 13000, Bitlis, Turkey.
2Faculty of Agriculture, Yuzuncu Yil University, 65080, Van, Turkey.
Accepted 21 September, 2016
Abstract
This study intends to describe the differences concerning maternal behavior score between the different genotypes and groups of the age of dam in less selected Norduz, Karaka , and Ile-de-FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKaraka crosses, and also aims to determine the effects of Maternal Behavior Score (MBS) on weaning weight and survival of lambs in genotypes studied. Experimental subjects were 92 heads of the 2, 3 and 4 years-old of the Norduz, karaka and Ile-de-FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKaraka crosses. The MBS was scored on a 5-point scale based on the distance a ewe retreats from her lambs when the shepherd is tagging them. Within 24 h of birth, maternal behavior score was evaluated, and survival of the lambs was calculated from birth to weaning and at the same time measured the weaning weight in lambs. We detected that in the ewes lambing the first time MBS were lower than those that they were lambed before (P < 0.01). Similarly, there were the significant differences between genotypes; less selected Norduz sheep had higher maternal behavior score than Karaka and Ile-de-FrancexAkkaraman (G1)xKaraka crosses (P < 0.01). The effects of the maternal behavior on weaning weight and survival of the lambs were not found, statistically. It is concluded that with intense improvement programs in genotypes, a reduction regarding maternal behavior score is observed. In other words, the intense improvement programs in extensive animal breeding reduce the maternal ability in sheep.
Key words: Maternal ability, MBS, behavior, survival, weaning weight, litter survival, sheep.
A kin Kor and Bari Kaki, Serhat Karaca, Ayhan Yilmaz*, Mehmet Bingöl
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/FAFT/1109