International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Characterization and Morphological Analysis of Biologically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

1,2E.H. El- Mossalamy, 1Abdullah Yousif Obaid, 1L. M. Al-Harbi 3N.F.Al Harby A. A. Al-Owais and 5Zaheer Khan

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha Egypt

3Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, Al Qassim University. Saudi  Arabia. 

4Chemistry Department, King Saud University, P.O.Box 272047, Riyadh-11352, Saudi Arabia.

5Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi-110025, India

Accepted 15 October, 2013

Abstract

The effect of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB has been studied on the optical properties and morphology of advanced Ag-nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Oriental plane leaves extract as a reducing-, stabilizing- and capping-agent for the first time. The formation of AgNPs was monitored by measuring the UV-vis. spectra at different time intervals (5, 10, 20 and 30 min) after adding the leaves extract (from 1 to 5 cm3) to the different AgNO3 solutions ([Ag+] = 4.0 , 8.0, 12.0 , 16.0 × 10-4 mol dm-3 ). The sigmoidal nature of the reaction- time plots suggests the involvements of an autocatalytic reaction path. In presence of CTAB, the peak at 450 nm is shifted to shorter wavelength, i.e., 425 nm and sharpness of the surface resonance plasmon (SRP) band also decreases. The results confirm a significant change in the morphology and/or agglomeration tendency with CTAB. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show the formation of stable AgNPs at different concentration of AgNO3 gives mostly spherical particles with diameter ranging from 10 to 30 nm.

Keywords: Oriental plane; Silver particles; CTAB; Morphology.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Antibacterial Potential of Twenty-Two Wild Plant Species from Iraq: A Screening Study

Abdulameer Abdullah Al-Mussawi Nursing College / Basra University Email: [email protected]

Accepted 29 November, 2024

Abstract

The crude ethanolic extracts of twenty two wild plants growing in the Iraqi south regions was evaluated for antibacterial activities against five bacterial species: Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923) and Gram negative ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Escherichia coli ATCC25922) (Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus vulgaris) bacteria by agar well diffusion method . The results showed that the Arnebia decumbens exhibit broad spectrum activity against all bacterial species. Of 22 plants tested, 10 showed encouraging antibacterial results against one or more species of bacteria .On the other hand 11 plants species have no activity.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Agar well diffusion assay, Wild plants.
 

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-014, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Exploring the Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Kyrgyzstan's Wild Terrestrial Flora 

Tinatin Doolotkeldieva and Saykal Bobusheva

Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, 56 Prospect Mira, 720044, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic.

Accepted 02 December, 2024

Abstract

A total of 255 species of wild medicinal plants were analyzed in Northern and Northeastern Kyrgyzstan; from 150 plant species, 278 endophytic fungal isolates were identified. Endophytic fungi were frequently recorded on members of large plant families: Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rutaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Boraginaceae, Moraceae, Iridaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Brassicaceae. In the foothill ecosystems, rich biodiversity and numerous species of endophytic fungi genera - Fusarium, Acremonium, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Curvularia, Monilia, Rhizoctonia, Papularia, Botrytis and Stemphylium - were registered. The comparison of the Shannon diversity index (HS) for the endophytic fungi community showed a higher diversity of light-colored species (HS = 3.47) in foothill ecosystems than in alpine systems (HS = 2.75), and a lower diversity in the middle mountains (HS = 2.46). Endophytes were identified from all organs of plants. The most favorite habitats for fungi in plant body were root tissues, followed by the stems and leaves, while the flower clusters and seeds were rarely colonized by endophytes.

Keywords: wild medicinal plants, biodiversity of endophytic fungi, distribution on vertical zonation, tissues colonized.
 

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 14 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Review

Understanding Urine Cultures: Implications for Maternal Health in Pregnancy

Asli Kiraz1, Ahmet Vural1, Sati Zeynep Tekin1, Ayse Nur Cakir Gungor2

1Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology
2Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Accepted 06 December, 2024

Abstract

Pregnancy is a risk factor for urinary tract infections. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the most common type of urinary tract infections ranging between 4-7% and is a significant health risk in pregnancy. Although many different tests have been proposed, quantitative urine culture is still the gold standard method for asymptomatic bacteriuria and it should be performed in the first visit and at regular intervals during pregnancy. In this paper, we discuss the significance of urine culture versus other tests among pregnant women.

Keywords: urinary tract infection, pregnancy, culture.
 

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 14 (1), pp. 001-009, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Review

Biochemical and virological aspects beyond Ebola virus - Prospects for medications and immunization

Mohammed Helmy Faris Shalayel*1, Ahmed Morad Asaad2, Jobran Miree Alqahtani3, Ietimad AM Ayed4, Mohamed Ansar Qureshi5, Moawia A Elbadri5

1Professor of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Najran University, KSA.
2Professor of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Najran University, KSA.
3Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs and Dean of College of Medicine, Najran University, KSA.
4Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan.
5Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Najran University, KSA.

Accepted 12 December, 2024

Abstract

Ebola virus disease (EVD) has a high fatality rate; currently lacks a treatment or vaccine with proven safety. In response, the World Health Organization has declared the Ebola outbreak in West Africa to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. However, Ebola is only transmitted by patients who already present symptoms of the disease, and infection only occurs upon direct contact with the blood or body fluids of an Ebola patient. Consequently, transmission of the outbreak can be contained through careful monitoring for fever among persons who have visited, or come into contact with persons from, the site of the outbreak. Thus, patients suspected of presenting symptoms characteristic of Ebola should be quarantined. Despite ongoing efforts directed at experimental treatments and vaccine development, current medical management of EVD is largely limited to supportive therapy, thus making early case identification and immediate implementation of appropriate control measures critical. Optimization of EVD management together with rapid diagnosis, greatly improve the clinical outcome. Recent advances in diagnostic procedures and new therapies of patients with several drugs in the initial phase of treatment could further improve the prognosis of EVD cases. This review summarizes the biochemical and virological characters of Ebola virus and highlights the challenges for development of new effective antiviral drugs and vaccine for prompt control and prevention of EVD outbreaks.

Keywords: Ebola virus disease (EVD), FILOVIRIDAE, Marburg virus disease, Outbreaks, ZMapp.
 

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 14 (1), pp. 001-009, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper
    
Assessing the Impact of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Jos, Nigeria: A Comprehensive Analysis

1Onyedibe, Kenneth Ikenna, 2Goyit, Meshach Gomam, 3Nnadi, Nnaemeka Emmanuel

1Department of medical microbiology, Jos University teaching hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
2Department of Management Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University Of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
3Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.

Accepted 13 November, 2024

Abstract

National health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) is a health care scheme established by the Federal Government of Nigeria in 2005 for better healthcare delivery to its populace. The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of Nigerian adults enrolled in the scheme, their satisfaction with the quality and availability of services within the scheme and the factors responsible for the dismal health indices in the country despite the scheme. Questionnaires were administered randomly to 200 adult respondents in Jos metropolis. The findings show that only 24% of adults were enrolled in the scheme. Notably, 82% of enrolled respondents were aware of NHIS and prefer it to the fee for service system. There was some level of dissatisfaction in the scheme (26% of enrollees). Sources of dissatisfaction included poor registration services, poor referral system, delays in receiving required services and unavailability or non coverage of some required services. It was statistically determined by the Chi Square tool of analysis that there was a direct relationship between the percentage of enrollees and the poor health indices of the populace. We strongly recommend modification of existing policies to enable enrollment of the self employed and unemployed as well as improved coverage and quality of services within the scheme.

Key words: Evaluation, National Health Insurance Scheme, Jos.