ISSN 2169-3048
Research Article
International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-005, July, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Pathogens in animal meal and the utilization of salmex in the removal of clostridium perfringen
*Lucio A. Antonelli, Alberto E. Duarte and Tarsila G. Macedo
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Accepted 17 April, 2019
Abstract
The microbiological quality of the ingredients used in feed production is extremely important for animal and public health because food can transmit pathogens. Chemical additives, such as Salmex®, may be used to control these pathogens, since many sporulated microorganisms are resistant to conventional heat treatment. For these reasons, through the conventional bacteriological methods, this study evaluated the presence of pathogens in animal meal and tests the efficiency of additives to combat highly resistant microorganisms. Of the 180 samples of meal analyzed, 71 (39.4%) were positive for the presence of Clostridium perfringens, and 41 (22.8%) were positive for the presence of Salmonella spp. The additive tested, Salmex®, was effective in elim inating C. perfringens, with significantly decreased bacterial counts 24 h after treatment and total absence of C. perfringens after five days of treatment in all the samples tested. The presence of the pathogens Salmonella spp. and C. perfringens in animal meal endanger both the public and animal health. The efficiency of Salmex® in eliminating C. perfringens is a major breakthrough for the poultry industry.
Key words: Poultry, microbiology, public health, animal health.
Alberto E. Duarte and Tarsila G. Macedo, *Lucio A. Antonelli
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-009, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
All over again basic displaying and computational arrangement investigation of a bacteriocin protein disengaged from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain LC-31
*Yousaf A. Leghari, E. K. Iskander and Salmaan R. Sajjad
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.
Accepted 20 March, 2019
Abstract
Bacteriocins produced by different groups of bacteria are ribosomally synthesized peptides or proteins with antimicrobial and specific antagonistic bacterial interaction activity. Rhizobium leguminosarum is a Gram-negative soil bacterium which plays an important role in nitrogen fixation in leguminose plants. Bacteriocins produced by different strains of R. leguminosarum are known to impart antagonistic effects on other closely related strains. Recently, a bacteriocin gene was isolated from R. leguminosarum bv. viceae strain LC-31. Our study was aimed towards computational proteomic analysis and 3D structural modeling of this novel bacteriocin protein encoded by the earlier aforementioned gene. Different bioinformatics tools and machine learning techniques were used for protein structural classification. De novo protein modeling was performed by using I-TASSER server. The final model obtained was accessed by PROCHECK and DFIRE2, which confirmed that the final model is reliable. Until complete biochemical and structural data of bacteriocin protein produced by R. leguminosarum bv. viceae strain LC-31 are determined by experimental means, this model can serve as a valuable reference for characterizing this multifunctional protein.
Key words: Bacteriocin, rhizobium, protein modelling, nodulation, symbiosis, nitrogen fixation.
E. K. Iskander and Salmaan R. Sajjad, *Yousaf A. Leghari
Page: 1 - 9
Short Communication
International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-003, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Mycoplasma gallisepticum in unfenced chicken from Northern Tocantins State, Brazil
Daniele Suzuki Macedo
Department of Zootechny, Faculty of Agriculture, Universidade Salvador, Brazil. Email: [email protected]
Accepted 05 March, 2019
Abstract
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a major problem of the poultry industry worldwide. This infectious disease, which affects animals worldwide, is caused by bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of M. gallisepticum in free-range chickens raised in Araguaína, Tocantins, using rapid plate agglutination test (SAR). Blood samples of 175 free-range chickens from the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, were evaluated through serological tests. Of the 175 blood samples from adult birds (Gallus gallus domesticus), 74 (42.29%) - [34.87 to 49.97%] had positive serology for M. gallisepticum. Positive results were significant and show the need for preventive measures in small farms in the region studied.
Key words: Poultry, mycoplasmosis, biosafety.
Daniele Suzuki Macedo
Page: 1 - 3
Research Article
International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-006, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The impact of age on the misuse period in oven generation of broiler reproduction in Ross hybrid
*Dositeji E. Sterija, Stefan Vuk Popovic and Milan Dorde Aleksic
Department of Zootechny, Faculty of Agriculture, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia.
Accepted 21 March, 2019
Abstract
These investigations were intended to identify the influence of parental flock age at heavy hybrid Ross 308 (usage period) on more important reproductive capabilities (carrying eggs intensity of brood eggs, egg mass, one day old chick mass, relative chick mass share in complete egg mass) and consumption of food per processed – hatched chicken (final product of production cycle). Flock usage period lasted for 40 weeks (all eggs), respectively, 38 (brood eggs) weeks and there was possibility, based on achieved results, with evaluation of phenotype correlation, to get some concrete conclusions about the age influence on analyzed parameters during mentioned flock rising period. Phenotype correlation among investigated characteristics has been identified since second half of parental flock using period, since 41st week age (20th carrying eggs week) up to the end of production process when parental flock was 61 week old (41st egg production week). Flock age has statistically important positive (P < 0.05) influence on carrying eggs intensity of brood eggs until 49st week (rp = 0.391) and on percentage of chicken feasibility regard the complete number of inputted eggs until 50th week (rp = 0.434). There was statistically significantly increasing of egg mass and one-day old incubated chicken mass (P < 0.001) as parental flock was older. Complete correlation connectivity has been identified between egg mass and absolute chick mass (P < 0.001), while very strong (P < 0.001) or strong (P < 0.01) correlative connectivity between egg mass and relative chick share [(chicken mass/egg mass) x 100]. Further more, we determined negative correlation between eggs age and food consumption per hatched chicken for all time of breeding broiler parents, except 61st week when we determined positive coefficient of phenotype correlation (rp = 0.062), but statistically inconsequent.
Key words: Broiler breeder age, hatching eggs, chick weight, phenotypic correlation.
Stefan Vuk Popovic and Milan Dorde Aleksic, *Dositeji E. Sterija
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-004, May, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Predominance of Eimeria species in searching local chickens of Shiraz, Iran
*Shohreh A. Jabrani, Googoosh R. Omidyar and Rosie M. Makhmalbaf
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Applied Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 13 November, 2018
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Eimeria species in native chickens reared under semi-scavenging system and were allowed to scavenge in the yard, in crop fields near water reservoirs. We studied 200 scavenging native chickens in villages around Shiraz City in Southwest Iran. These chickens had no history of vaccination against coccidiosis and had never been given coccidiostat drugs. The chickens were submitted for post-mortem and parasitological examinations. All the villages had chickens that were positive for different Eimeria spp. From a total of 200 native chickens examined, 128 (64%) were infected with coccidiosis. Eimeria tenella was the most prevalent species (24%) followed by Eimeria acervulina (18%), Eimeria necatrix (12%), and Eimeria maxima (10%). Prevalences varied by management and did not vary by flock size.
Key words: Eimeria, native chickens, prevalence, Shiraz, Iran.
*Shohreh A. Jabrani, Googoosh R. Omidyar and Rosie M. Makhmalbaf
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-008, May, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Use of economical jobs ideas in advancing biosecurity in free roaming poultry in provincial Nigeria
Akokogio E. Freeborn
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Accepted 25 January, 2019
Abstract
Poultry production is very significant to the livelihoods of Nigerian rural populace which constitute 70%. Free range scavenging poultry constitutes up to 90% of the total stock. Disease such as Newcastle and recent past the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) or bird flu H5N1 among other constitutes serious threat to poultry production in the country. Interventions targeted at preventing diseases at low cost and on sustainable manner particularly the HPAI seen as central in the fight against the plight and vulnerability of the rural dwellers. A series of field assessment focusing on vulnerability, assets base, and capabilities was conducted in 18 communities using participatory tools and questionnaire, six each from the North West (Katsina State), South East (Anambra State) and South West (Ondo State) of Nigeria. The results revealed abundance of natural resources, such as land, water, forest and indigenous knowledge, skill and experiences that can be used to achieve cost effective biosecurity amongst the rural households, hence increased poultry production and well-being of the communities at large.
Key words: Free range, poultry, biosecurity, sustainable livelihood, rural Nigeria.
Akokogio E. Freeborn
Page: 1 - 8