International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 9 (9), pp. 001-005, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Response of Glycine max in relation to nitrogen fixation as influenced by fungicide seed treatment

Anupama Bikrol, Nidhi Saxena and Kiran Singh*

Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Department of Microbiology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal-462026, India.

Accepted 08 March, 2020

Abstract

Glycine max – Rhizobium interaction is a well known symbiotic association occurring in nature and responsible for biological nitrogen fixation. Thiram a well-known fungicide has been in practice as seed dressing in order to prevent fungal colonization. In the present study the effect of various thiram concentrations is investigated. Thiram concentration beyond 500 g/ml was observed to be highly toxic with respect to plant growth factors and rhizobial infection to the G. max. The nodulation, nodule dry weight, nitrogenase activity were observed to be maximum at 100 g/ml of thiram. The study is useful in determining the threshold concentration of fungicide for soybean seed dressing for effective nitrogen fixation and crop yield.

Key words: Ascorbic acid, chlorophyll content, Glycine max, nodulation, nodule dry weight, nitrogenase activity, protein content, thiram.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 9 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Identification of pH tolerant Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains and their symbiotic effectiveness in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in low nutrient soil

M. K. Meghvansi, Kamal Prasad* and S.K. Mahna

Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University, Ajmer, Rajasthan-305009, INDIA.

Accepted 13 May, 2020

Abstract

Eight strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum were isolated from the root nodules of soybean cultivar PK 472 collected from Adaptive Trial Centre, Bundi, India. All the isolates were authenticated through plant assay test in germination pouches. Growth of the isolated strains on different pH levels was observed and three strains namely Bj-3, Bj-5 and Bj-8 were found to be able to grow up to pH 8.5. Symbiotic efficiency of these isolates was determined under the mist house conditions in the sterilized sandy soil (pH 8.4). Maximum and minimum nodulation and vegetative growth were observed in Bj-3 and Bj-2 inoculated soybean plants, respectively. Three pH tolerant strains could also pose better results in the efficiency determination experiment. Considerable variability in terms of the symbiotic effectiveness was found in the tested strains.

Key words: Identification, symbiotic effectiveness, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, pH, soybean, nutrient, soil.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-003, August, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Ethanol and sugar tolerance of wine yeasts isolated from fermenting cashew apple juice

Osho, A.

Department of Biological Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 11 April, 2020

Abstract

Seventeen wine yeasts isolated from fermenting cashew apple juice were screened for ethanol and sugar tolerance. Two species of Saccharomyces comprising of three strains of S. cerevisiae and one S. uvarum showed measurable growth in medium containing 9% (v/v) ethanol. They were equally sugar-tolerant having good growth in medium containing 25% (w/v) glucose. Two of the strains (S. cerevisiae) were found to posses higher invertase activities than the remaining two. Further search for industrially useful yeasts in tropical fruits is suggested.

Key words: Ethanol tolerance, Invertase activities, wine yeast, cashew, cashew apple juice.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-011, August, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Identification and typing of the yeast strains isolated from bili bili, a traditional sorghum beer of Chad

Nanadoum MAOURA¹*, Mbailao MBAIGUINAM¹ Huu Vang NGUYEN², Claude GAILLARDIN² and Jacques POURQUIE²

¹Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Substances Naturelles - Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées BP 1027 N’djaména Tchad.

²Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire. INA-PG INRA CBAI BP 01, 78 850 Thiverval Grignon France.

Accepted 14 April 2020

Abstract

Seventy six yeast strains isolated form bili bili and others sample were identified and typed in purpose of selecting appropriate starter culture. Identification techniques included conventional phenetic method, PCR/RFLP of NTS2 rDNA region, partial sequencing of the D1/D2 region of 26S rDNA and karyotyping using contour clamped homogenous electric field (CHEF) technique. The Saccharomyces cereviseiae strains were also compared to industrial strains according to their fermentation profiles on maltose in the presence of 2-deoxy- D-glucose and to their karyotypes. We observed that the fermentation of bili bili was carried out by an indigenous natural flora predominantly represented by highly polymorphic S. cerevisiae strains whereas early steps in the process were carried out mainly by Kluyveromyces maxianus strains. All of the S. cerevisiae strains which were used in trial fermentation gave a good rate of fermentation suggesting that they may be used as starter cultures.

Key words: Sorghum beer, bili bili, yeast flora, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces marxianus, PCR/RFLP of the NTS2-rDNA; karyotyping, fermentation.