International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 11 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Study of genetic polymorphism of ARTEMISIA  HERBA-ALBA from Tunisia using ISSR markers

Haouari Mohsen* and Ferchichi Ali

Laboratoire d'Aridoculture et Culture Oasienne, Institut des Régions Arides 4119 Medenine- Tunisia.

Accepted 20 November, 2021

Abstract

ARTEMISIA HERBA-ALBA is an herbaceous aromatic and therapeutic plant widely distributed in semi-arid regions of Tunisia and is potentially usable to restore degraded ecosystems. A study of genetic variation among 216 accessions was conducted using ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) markers to assess the polymorphism at the species level. A total of 60 polymorphic loci were scored using four primers revealing a high level of genetic polymorphism among A. HERBA-ALBA accessions. Correlation analysis revealed no direct relation between morphological traits, geographic distance and genetic distance. Correlogram analysis showed a patchy distribution of the genetic variability of A. HERBA-ALBA accessions revealing the contribution of local ecological and geographic conditions on variability.

Key words: Artemisia herba-alba, DNA extraction, genetic polymorphism, ISSR markers.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 11 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

IN VITRO  micropropagation of white dasheen (COLOCASSIA ESCULENTA)

Chien-Ying Ko¹*, Ji-Ping Kung¹ and Rohan Mc Donald²

¹The International Cooperation and Development Fund (Taiwan ICDF), Taipei 11157, Taiwan.

²Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Richmond Hill, Kingstown.

Accepted 14 November, 2021

Abstract

Plant regeneration for efficient vegetative propagation in white dasheen has been developed. Meristem cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 6-Benzyladenine (BA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) gave the best explants establishment and development. This IN VITRO system provides for a uniform production system which is easily managed and yields high quality cornels for commercial production.

Key words: White dasheen, mass propagation.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Physical and ionic characteristics in water soluble fraction (WSF) of Olomoro well-head crude oil before and after exposure to AZOLLA  AFRICANA  Desv.

Noyo, E. Edema*, Okoloko, E. George and Agbogidi, O. Mary

Department of Botany, Delta State University, P. M. B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria.

Accepted 13 October, 2021

Abstract

The values of ionic and physical characteristics at 25, 50 and 100% water soluble fraction (WSF) of Olomoro well-head crude oil before and after exposure to AZOLLA AFRICANA were investigated. The WSF values before and after exposure to the plants showed that more ions were available after the introduction of the test plant. The increases in ionic and physical characteristics following introduction to A. AFRICANA to WSF decreased the population of the macrophyte. These changes are signs of leakage of ions from the plant cells as a result of ionic stress and thus degradation of the plants. Statistical analysis showed significant difference in heavy metal contents between WSF concentrations of Olomoro crude oil at 0.05% probability. Reduction in NO₃^-, Mg⁺⁺ (100%), Cl^- (100%) and V ions in the growth medium (WSF) after exposure to the macrophyte was observed. This indicates uptake of these ions. The results also showed accumulation of Mg at 25 and 100% WSF in the plant tissue after exposure.

Key words: Physical and ionic characteristics, heavy metals, water soluble fraction, crude oil and Azolla africana.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 10 (6), pp. 001-008, June, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of combined application of organic-P and inorganic-N fertilizers on yield of carrot

Sisay Hailu¹, Tilahun Seyoum²* and Nigussie Dechassa¹

¹Haramaya University, College of Agriculture, Department of Plant Science, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.

²Haramaya University, College of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, P.O. Box 131, Haramaya, Ethiopia.

Accepted 23 April, 2021

Abstract

A study was undertaken to assess the effect of combined application of organic-P and inorganic-N fertilizers on yield and yield components of carrot (DAUCUS CAROTA L.). The field experiment was conducted at Kombolcha ATVET College, South Wollo, Ethiopia. Seeds of carrot were sown on raised beds of a black clay soil. “Orga “and urea were used as sources of phosphorus and nitrogen, respectively, for the fertilizer treatments. The rates of fertilizers used in the experiment were, 309 kg “orga” ha^-1 combined with six rates of urea (0, 68.5, 267.2, 274,342.5 and 411 kg urea ha^-1). The field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with seven fertilizer treatments, replicated five times. Yield and yield components of carrot were significantly influenced by the pre-harvest combined application of “orga” and urea treatments. Pre-harvest application of 309 kg “orga” ha^-1 combined with 274 kg urea ha^-1 increased yield of carrot by 46% compared to the control treatment. The values of yield components of carrot were also increased in response to the increased rate of combined “orga” and urea fertilizer application. The result showed that the combined application of 309 kg ha^-1 “orga”and 274 kg ha^-1 urea resulted in the maximum yield of carrot.

Key words: Carrot, “orga”, urea, yield, yield components.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 10 (5), pp. 001-002, May, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Antibacterial activity of Eucalpytus citriodora Hk. oil on few clinically important bacteria

R. Nair, Y. Vaghasiya and S. Chanda*

Phytochemical Pharmacological and Microbiological Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot – 5, Gujarat, India.

Accepted 17 March, 2021

Abstract

The antibacterial activity of Eucalyptus citriodora oil was evaluated. The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation method. The tested bacterial strains were Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis NCIM2241, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Proteus vulgaris NCTC8313, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, Pseudomonas testosteroni NCIM 5098, Alcaligenes fecalis, Bacillus cereus ATCC11778 and Citrobacter freundii ATCC10787. Piperacillin and Amikacin were used as the positive controls. The activity of the oil increased with increase in concentration but decreased after a certain level. The study suggests that isolation of the active compound from oil would give more satisfactory and promising results.

Keywords: Eucalyptus citriodora, Antibacterial activity, medicinal plant, volatile oil.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology ISSN 2169-3048 Vol. 10 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Specific detection of Aspergillus fumigatus in sputum sample of pulmonary tuberculosis patients by two-step PCR

Sunita Bansod¹*, Inderchand Gupta² and Mahendra Rai²

¹Biotechnology Division, Defense R and D establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474002, India.

²Biotechnology Department, Amravati University, Amravati-444107, India.

Accepted 14 November, 2020

Abstract

The incidence of life-threatening systemic fungal infections has been increasing in recent years, and the increasing incidence has been correlated with increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients. We developed a two-step PCR assay that specifically amplifies a region of the 18S rRNA gene that is highly conserved in Aspergillus fumigatus. This assay allows direct and rapid detection of down to 10 fg of Aspergillus fumigatus DNA corresponding to 1 to 5 colony forming unit (CFU) per ml of sputum sample of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The two primer pairs that produced PCR products with the highest sensitivity and species specificity were the Aspergillus fumigatus primers AFU7S and AFU7AS, which amplified a fragment of 405 bp, followed by AFU5S and AFU5AS, which produced an internal fragment of 236 bp. PCR has been shown to be a highly sensitive diagnostic tool for the detection of infectious fungi specimens. Our point to the considerable potential clinical value of this simple, specific, rapid, and inexpensive PCR assay is for improving the means of early diagnosis of systemic aspergillosis tuberculosis patients.

Key words: Aspergillus fumigatus, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), pulmonary tuberculosis.