Advances in Food Science and Technology

Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 7 (5), pp. 001-002, May, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Iran’s registration of rural residential texture

Karbalaee H. Fereshteh

No. 8, Barari Street, Piroozi Avenue, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +98- 9125479023. Fax: +98-2177480593.

Accepted 16 March, 2019

Abstract

There are lots of plans and policies through development and especially rural development. In Iran, “Registration of Rural Residential Texture” is one of those projects that are used to gain security and ownership in rural areas. Now, after three decades of its implementations some challenges still came up. This paper tries to review the history of Land Documentation in Iran, explains the process and discusses the different points of view in this case.

Key words: Documentation, ownership, deeds, rural texture, Iran.

Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 7 (5), pp. 001-012, May, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of the territorial system of forest recreation by natural indicators: Belgrade forest example

Sinan Destan¹* and Sultan Bekiro lu²

¹Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 34473 Bahcekoy/ Istanbul/Turkey.

²Department of Forestry Economics, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 34473 Bahcekoy/Istanbul/Turkey.

Accepted 16 March, 2019

Abstract

The current study presents a method for establishing a complex recreation resource within a territorial system for forest recreation areas within the period of 1960 to 2008, using quantitative forest stand indicators. Use of the methodology for direct assessment of forest stands with recreational functions on the basis of natural indicators. The assessment is tied to performance of pre made "bioclimatical analysis” and requirements of recreational ergonomics of the site. The phases adhered includes I-Classifying the results from the conducted studies on plant succession and forest types. II- Inventory and assessment of stand recreation suitability by category. iii- Type and class of recreation occurring in the forest. iv- Calculation of the average coefficients of recreation suitability under various scenarios. The present study primarily targets an efficient forest management approach, in order to help planners in making the optimal decision for recreation activities in forests.

Key words: Recreation planning, forest recreation, suitability, Belgrade forest.

Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 7 (5), pp. 001-014, May, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Computing the cost of the agricultural products: A case study

M d lina Dumitru, C t lina Gorgan, Valentin Florentin Dumitru* and Vasile Gorgan

Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, Faculty of Accounting and Management Information Systems, Romania.

Accepted 14 February, 2019

Abstract

Agriculture constitutes a specific sector of the Romanian economy. It does not contribute significantly to the increase in the gross domestic product, however, it is expected to fulfil three important functions: economic, social and environmental. The cost computation for the agricultural products is different from other activity sectors. Most of the papers addressing managerial accounting issues refer to manufacturing companies. The ones conducted in the services entities usually refer to not for profit organizations. We consider that our work is a research paper which brings contribution to the field as there is a very small number of works in the area. When computing the performance of an economic entity we have to refer to its costs and revenues. Our target in this paper is to establish the cost of the production obtained in a farm. The farm has a complex production, dealing with crops and also with livestock. Using as a research methodology the case study, we also aim to present the documents that the persons responsible have to fulfil in the normal production process.

Key words: Agriculture, cost computation, crops, livestock, farm expenses.

Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 7 (4), pp. 001-007, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A mathematical programming approach to crop mix problem

Nordin Hj. Mohamad¹* and Fatimah Said²

¹Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

²Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Malaysia

Accepted 11 January, 2019

Abstract

Problems normally faced by farmers include what to plant, how much to plant and when to plant. In this study, a linear programming crop mix model for a finite-time planning horizon was proposed. Given limited available resources such as budget and land acreage, the crop-mix planning model was formulated and transformed into a multi-period linear programming problem. The objective was the maximization of the total returns at the end of the planning horizon. The model was applied to selected single-harvest crops and solved by LINDO, a linear programming package. The results were analyzed and discussed.

Key words: Crop mix, single-harvest, linear programming.

Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 7 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Intra-industry trade in the agriculture sector: The experience of United States

Nuno Carlos Leitão

Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, ESGTS, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: + 351-243 303 200.

Accepted 11 October, 2018

Abstract

This study analyses the determinants of United State’s intra-industry trade (IIT) applied to the agriculture sector. The results indicate that IIT in this sector is a negative role of the difference in GDP per capita between U S. and its trade partners. This is according to the literature; that is, countries with similar demands will trade similar products. Statistically strong evidence is also found that this trade is influenced by the economic dimension between trading partners. The foreign direct investment inflows have a positive influence on U.S. bilateral IIT.

Key words: Intra-industry trade, United States, agriculture sector, panel data.

Advances in Food Science and Technology ISSN: 6732-4215 Vol. 7 (3), pp. 001-020, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Training needs of members in cooperative dairy marketing in Ethiopia

A. D. Bekele¹* and G. B. Pillai²

¹Department of Cooperatives, Ambo University, Ethiopia.

²Department of Cooperative Studies, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.

Accepted 10 May, 2018

Abstract

Cooperative education and training are the most significant pillars of a strong and self-reliant co-operative movement. Realizing the importance of the Co-operative education and training needs, this research paper attempted to determine the training needs of members with the specific objectives of determining their level of awareness, to identify their training needs, to examine the association between training needs and socio-psychological characteristics, and to ascertain the constraints faced in cooperative dairy marketing by members in Arsi Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. This study adopted survey method. Three-stage sampling was used in which random sampling procedures were followed to select 176 respondents from the population. Structured interview schedule and FGD (Focus group discussion) were used to collect the data from the sampled respondents. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistical tools, X2- test, Cramer’s V, Person’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression. In addition, awareness levels of stakeholders were evaluated by means of awareness index. Training need of members and officials were identified using TNS and prioritized via TNI. The constraints in dairy marketing were ranked using preference index. According to the results of the study, awareness index indicates that the majority of members (55.7%) have low level of awareness in dairy marketing. Due to the presence of many development interventionists, only 24.4% of the members perceived high level of training need, while 46% of the members had perceived medium level of training need in dairy marketing. The research findings highlighted that there is demand for upgrading the awareness of members in dairy marketing as well as organization of effective training programs to the needy group. The preference of members regarding type, method, duration, season, frequency, place, and language of training was:- peripatetic, group discussion, three to six days, winter, once in a year, FTC’s and Afaan Oromoo respectively. About 50 to 75% of the training was perceived to be more practical as vital part in the training program. As per the model analysis output, indebtedness and economic motivation positively influenced the perception of members’ training need; whereas, knowledge and training undergone in dairy marketing was found to negatively influence training needs at 1% level of significance. Irregular supply of milk, long fasting days, lack of transport facilities, absence of training, lack of credit access from the dairy coops(co- operatives) were found to be the basic constraints in dairy marketing among members. The findings suggest that co-operative policy makers and practitioners should stress in the adoption of participatory co-operative training approach and it should be implemented to increase the motivation, sense of ownership and shared responsibility among all co-operative stakeholders.

Key words: Dairy marketing, training need, dairy co-operatives, members.