ISSN 2756-3391
Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2343-6549 Vol. 6 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Relative abundance of adult female anopheline mosquitoes in Ugah, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Ayanda, Opeyemi Isaac
Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.:+2348030661295.
Accepted 15 January, 2019
Abstract
A study on the relative abundance of malaria vectors was investigated in Ugah, Nasarawa state, Nigeria between January and December 2004. A total of 2,276 mosquitoes were collected. The mosquitoes comprise three species - Anopheles gambiae sl, Anopheles funestus and Anopheles ardensis. Of the anophelines, Anopheles gambiae sl is the most abundant that is, 1087(47.76%) followed by Anopheles funestus and Anopheles ardensis with abundances of 863(37.92%) and 326(14.32%) respectively. Female anophelines were 1,670(73.37%). There was a significant difference in the relative abundance of mosquitoes with respect to season (P < 0.05). A number of factors (awareness, culture, proximity to water bodies) appear to be responsible for the abundance of the mosquitoes. The result suggests that concerted efforts should be made by stakeholders at reducing the abundance of malaria vectors in the rural areas in order to prevent outbreak.
Key words: Relative abundance, mosquitoes, Anopheles gambiae sl, Anopheles funestus, Anopheles ardensis.
Ayanda , Opeyemi Isaac
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Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2343-6549 Vol. 6 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence of soil transmitted helminths and impact of Albendazole on parasitic indices in Kotto Barombi and Marumba II villages (South-West Cameroon)
L. Nkengazong1, F. Njiokou1*, S. Wanji2,3, F. Teukeng1, P. Enyong2 and T. Asonganyi4
1Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.
2Research Foundation of Tropical Diseases and Environment, P.O. Box 474 Buea, Cameroon.
3Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
4Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.
Accepted 08 January, 2019
Abstract
This study assessed the actual prevalence of geohelminths and the impact of albendazole on parasitic indices in Kotto Barombi and Marumba II. Stools samples were collected from 420 school children and examined using the Kato-katz faecal technique. Participants were treated with 600 mg of albendazole. Baseline prevalence of infections and mean parasite loads were 26.4% and 6226.9e/g (Ascaris lumbricoides), 31.0% and 252.4 e/g (Trichuris trichiura), and 1.4% and 468.0e/g (Necator americanus). Four children (0.9%) were infected with Strongyloides stercoralis. A significant difference of prevalence was observed between the two villages for A. lumbricoides (P = 0.0001) and T. trichiura (P = 0.0005), and parasite loads for T. trichiura (P = 0.0001). Single infection (T. trichiura or A. lumbricoides) and double infection (A. lumbricoides - T. trichiura) were more prevalent. Post treatment control showed a decrease of prevalence and mean parasite load to 24.4% and 2969.5e/g (A. lumbricoides), and 24.0% and 112.8e/g (T. trichiura), and 0.0% for N. americanus and S. stercoralis. Efficacy and egg reduction rates were 84.6% and 55.3% (T. trichiura), 82.0% and 52.2% (A. lumbricoides), and 100.0% for N. americanus and S. stercoralis. These results suggest that geohelminths infections remain a serious health problem in school children in Kotto Barombi focus.
Key words: School children, geohelminth, prevalence, parasite load, albendazole, drug efficacy, Kotto Barombi, Marumba II, Cameroon.
S. Wanji, F. Njiokou*, F. Teukeng, L. Nkengazong, P. Enyong and T. Asonganyi
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2343-6549 Vol. 6 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Parasitism of host trees by the Loranthaceae in the region of Douala (Cameroon)
Dibong Siegfried Didier1*, Din Ndongo1, Priso Richard Jules1, Taffouo Victor Desiré1, Fankem Henri1, Salle Georges2 and Amougou Akoa3
1 The University of Douala, Faculty of Science, Department of Plant Biology P. O. Box. 24157 Douala-Cameroon.
2The Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris IV), Laboratoire de Parasitologie végétale, 4 place Jussieu, case courrier 155, 75252 Paris cedex 05 (France).
3The University of Yaoundé I, Faculty of Science, Department of Plant Biology and Physiology, .P. O. Box. 812 Yaoundé-Cameroon.
Accepted 14 January, 2019
Abstract
The Loranthaceae constitute the most important parasite plants that cause variable damages: morphological, technological, ecological and socio-economic. These numerous and damaging effects make some parasitic angiosperms true agronomic threats, especially in developing countries.The Loranthaceae is represented in Cameroon by 26 species gathered into 7 genus. The study area includes four sites: a traditional plantation of Cola nitida situated at Penja (70 km Nord of Douala), the main road to Douala airport, one quarter (Logbessou) and Makondo village (80 km East of Douala) in an orchard dominated by Citrus. A total of 2643 individuals of DBH (diameter at breast height) greater or equal to 5 cm were inventoried. 637 individuals were parasitized. Eight known species were identified. Phragmanthera capitata is more frequent and more abundant (76.14%). The infested host trees belong to 16 species gathered into 12 genus and 10 families. The most parasitized host family is Sterculiaceae. The most sensitive host species to the parasitism of Loranthaceae is P. americana (21.51%), followed by C. nitida (17.27%) and Terminalia mantaly (13.65%). Lauraceae is infested by 7 Loranthaceae out of 8 parasites investigated. The consequences of the parasitism of the Loranthaceae demonstrate the need for establishing comprehensive ecosystem management programs.
Key words: Host trees, inventory, Loranthaceae, parasites plants.
Dibong Siegfried Didier*, Taffouo Victor Desiré, Din Ndongo, Salle Georges and Amougou Akoa, Priso Richard Jules, Fankem Henri
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2343-6549 Vol. 6 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Recent data on the prevalence of intestinal parasites in N’Djamena, Chad Republic
M. A. Hamit1, M. T. Tidjani1 and C.F. Bilong Bilong2*
1Faculty of Medicine, University of N’Djamena, Chad.
2Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon; Po Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Accepted 19 November, 2018
Abstract
This cross sectional study assessed the prevalence of intestinal protozoan and helminth infections in N’Djamena, Chad Republic, and determined the main epidemiological transmission factors of these pathogens in order to develop efficient control strategies of intestinal parasites. Four hundred and sixty two randomly selected persons, from eight quarters (administrative districts), of age less than one year to seventy six years old of both sexes, were examined in N’Djamena town. Out of the 462 samples, 235 (51%) were found to harbour at least one parasite species. The prevalences of the eight (8) parasite species detected were: Entamoeba histolytica (30%), Hymenolepis nana (13%), Ascaris lumbricoides (10%), Trichomonas hominis (6%), Giardia intestinalis (3%), hookworm (0.5%), and Schistosoma mansoni (0.2%). These pathogens appeared mostly in single infections. The quarters with higher infection indices were those that experienced floods (Abena and Chagoua) and where people do not use latrines (Naga and Goudji). The population customs and the environmental conditions in N’Djamena still favour high faecal- oral transmission of intestinal parasites.
Key words: Prevalence, Intestinal Parasites, Protozoans, Helminths, N’Djamena, Chad.
M. A. Hamit, M. T. Tidjani and C.F. Bilong Bilong*
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2343-6549 Vol. 6 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Seroprevalence of two abortive parasites: Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in domestic animals in Franceville, Gabon
1Badiambile Julie, 2Akue Jean Paul* and 2Mbou Moutsimbi Roger Antoine
1Departement de Zootechnologie, Institut National Supérieur d’agronomie et de Biotechnologie (INSAB), USTM, Franceville, Gabon,
2Department of Medical Parasitology (UPARAM), CIRMF, Franceville, Gabon.
Accepted 24 January, 2017
Abstract
Management of livestock maybe an important factor in limiting the spread of abortive parasites. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii measured with the modified agglutination test (MAT) and Neospora caninum with an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were screened in 212 domestic animals. Sheep had the highest seroprevalence (82.14%), followed by cattle (26%), pigs (20%), ducks (19.05%), and chickens (17.78%). Two breeding systems were distinguished: (1) the rural method in which animals breed in the wild, no food is given, and there is no drinking water point and no shelter; (2) the modern type, characterized by providing food, water, shelter, fences, and hygiene. When comparing the different species according to the breeding system, we found that for chickens, the rural style of breeding was associated with the highest seroprevalence of T. gondii compared with the modern breeding method (40% versus 4%; p=0.0004). Similarly, pigs bred according to the rural method had a higher seroprevalence compared with the modern breeding method (48% versus 0%; p=0.0001). N.caninum antibodies were present in 32.14% of sheep and 50% of goats. This study suggests that seroprevalence to N. caninum and T. gondii may vary according to the breeding method.
Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, seroprevalence, animals, Gabon.
Badiambile Julie, Akue Jean Paul* and Mbou Moutsimbi Roger Antoine
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2343-6549 Vol. 6 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence and risk factors associated with faecal shedding of cryptosporidium oocysts in piglets, Kaduna, Nigeria
B. V. Maikai1*, J. U. Umoh1, J. K. P. Kwaga1, V. A. Maikai2 and S. C. Egege1
1Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
2College of Agriculture and Animal Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Mando Road, Kaduna.
Accepted 12 November, 2018
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis is predominant in piglets and other young farm animals and the infection can be severe resulting in financial loss to producers. Faecal samples from one hundred and thirty-two piglets were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts using formol-ether concentration method and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 18(13.6%) of the faecal samples and the prevalence were higher among males (20.0%) than females (5.3%), younger (19.0%) than older (8.7%) piglets, piglets raised under intensive (16.7%) than from under semi-intensive/extensive systems (0%), piglets with loose faeces (28.6%) than from well formed faeces(10.8%) and piglets that drank bore hole water (13.8%) than from those that drank well water (13.3%). There were associations between prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and sex of piglets (OR = 0.22; 95% CI on OR: 0.05 < OR < 0.88), faecal consistencies (OR = 3.30; 95% CI on OR: 0.93 < OR < 11.47) and management systems (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there was no association between prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and type of water and age of the piglets (P > 0.05). This study shows that sex, faecal consistencies and management systems influence the prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in faeces of piglets in Kaduna metropolis.
Key words: Cryptosporidium, piglets, faeces.
B. V. Maikai*, J. U. Umoh, V. A. Maikai and S. C. Egege, J. K. P. Kwaga
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