African Journal of Parasitology Research

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A study of the characterization of a glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus sp. G3 in Escherichia coli

Xuejiao Chen^1,2, Haitao Ding¹, Yiqing Du¹, Hui Lin¹, Zeli Li¹ and Yuhua Zhao¹*

¹Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

²Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310000, China.

Accepted 17 October, 2020

Abstract

The glucose dehydrogenase gene (gdh), cloned from Bacillus sp. G3, was composed of 786 bp nucleotide and the deduced protein molecular mass of one subunit was 28.1 kDa. The recombinant glucose dehydrogenase (rGDH-G3) was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli. The results revealed that expressed rGDH-G3 had a high specific activity of 371.9 U/mg at 25°C and pH 8.0, with oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) as the cofactor. The enzyme was optimally active at 40°C and pH 9.0. The enzyme displayed broad specificity for other sugars such as D-galactose or maltose. The catalytic efficiency of the rGDH-G3 would be improved 4 times when oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP⁺) was used as cofactor instead of NAD⁺.

Key words: Bacillus sp. G3, enzymatic property, glucose dehydrogenase, inverse polymerase chain reaction (IPCR), optimal pH.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A study of the molecular epidemiology of nosocomial strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Nepal

Badri Thapa¹, Chanwit Tribuddharat² and Sulochana Mahat Basnet³

¹Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal, Microbiology Section, Genesis Laboratory and Research, Kathmandu, Nepal.

²Department of Microbiology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

³Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.

Accepted 22 November, 2020

Abstract

The molecular epidemiology of fifteen clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii recovered from various clinical specimens from different wards during January to June, 2010 from a hospital in Nepal was evaluated. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test was used for determining in-vitro activities of antibiotics. Molecular epidemiology was investigated by polymerase chain reaction-randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (PCR-RAPD) and plasmid profiling. A. baumannii recovered were multidrug resistant. Isolates represented three antibiotypes (a, b and c). Isolates in antibiotype c (n=12) were resistant to all antibiotics tested while isolates in antibiotype a (n=2) was susceptible to netilmicin and b (n=1) was susceptible to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones tested. Four plasmid profiles (i) 1 isolate; (ii) 1 isolate; (iii) 1 isolate; and (iv) 12 isolates and four PCR-RAPD types (I)1isolate; (II) 8 isolates; (III) 1 isolate; (IV) 5 isolates revealed oligoclonal population of A. baumannii. Antibiotypes, plasmid profiles and PCR-RAPD types showed no empirical association. A. baumannii isolates were oligoclonal and multi-drug resistant. The emergence of multi-drug resistant oligoclonal population of this pathogen in a hospital warrants for development of appropriate antibiotic policies and immediate implementation of infection prevention and control measures.

Key words: Acinetobacter baumannii, multidrug-resistant, oligoclonal, Nepal.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-009, February, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Camptotheca acuminate D. seed oil

Lin Wang^{1, 2}, Zhiwei Yang^1*, Sicen Wang³, Shuqiu Wang¹ and Junxing Liu¹*

¹School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 15400, P. R. China.

²The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154003, P. R. China.

³Research and Engineering Center for Natural Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P. R. China.

Accepted 21 November, 2020

Abstract

This study was designed to explore the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Camptotheca acuminate D. seed oil, which were extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) or petroleum ether extraction methods. The major constituent of the oil were described as (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol (54.92%) and 2-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-3-[4-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]phenyl]-trimethylsilyl ester (26.53%) in supercritical fluid and petroleum ether extracts. The oil and the components were subjected to screen for their possible antioxidant activity by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and β-carotene bleaching test. In the DPPH test system, free radical scavenging activities of supercritical fluid extracts and petroleum ether extracts were determined to be 7.55 ± 0.11% and 4.38 ± 0.08% (v/v), respectively. As to the β-carotene bleaching test system, the two values were 15.93 ± 0.11% and 6.87 ± 0.15% (v/v), respectively. The activities of antioxidant and antibacterial in components of petroleum ether were more efficient than in components of supercritical fluid extraction. As to the antimicrobial activities of the essential oil against 8 species bacterium, C. acuminate D. seed oil had remarkable antibacterial activity, especially to staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538). Thus, C. acuminate D. seed oil could be judged as a kind of patent drug which has antioxidant and antibacterial activity effectively.

Key words: Camptotheca acuminate D. seed oil, antioxidant activities, antibacterial activities.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

A case report of an imported cutaneous leishmaniasis in Côte d’Ivoire

N’da Angbeletchi David AKA¹, Gonat Serge Pacôme DOU¹, Kalou Dibert ZIKA², Fatoumata COULIBALY³, Mocket Adolphe. EHOUMAN⁴, Ibrahima KONE⁵ and Koffi Daho ADOUBRYN²

¹University Félix Houphouët-Boigny of Abidjan, 01 BP V34 Abidjan, Cocody.

²Université Alassane Ouattara, BP V18 Bouaké.

³Université Pelero Gon Coulibaly, BP 1328, Korhogo.

⁴Olopam Pharma and Research & Development, 10 B.P 1274 Abidjan.

⁵Groupe Médical et de Consulting BOZOUMA, 01 BP 6648 Abidjan.

⁶Université Alassane Ouattara, BP V18   Bouaké.                                                                    

Abstract

Accepted 27 December, 2020

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), parasitic and zoonotic disease, is very little known to health professionals in Côte d'Ivoire. It is caused by the bite of a female sandfly that harbors the genus of Leishmania. The species generally involved in Africa are: Leishmania Infantum Nicolle, 1908, Leishmania major Yakimoff & Schokhor, 1914, Leishmania tropica Wright, 1903 and Leishmania aethiopica Bray, Ashford & Bray, 1973. We report here a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis discovered incidentally, presenting involvement of the lower limbs. The patient, a woman, 41-year-old, a housewife, originated from Burkina Faso, who consulted in a private clinic in 2019 for pruriginous skin lesions under a chronic mode. After examination, the disease was diagnosed by positive direct smear, and slide preparations, after scoriations of the skin lesions were carried out and sent to Algeria’s reference center for species determination. Treatment with Metronidazole 500 mg (1tab x3/day for four weeks) permitted to obtain clinical and biological cure without significant side effects. Practitioners should suspect Cutaneous leishmaniasis in case of chronic wounds in endemic zones. The strengthening of human resources, the improvement of our regional laboratories’ technical platform, the integration of the screening and management of leishmaniasis to the program against Buruli ulcer are urgently needed.

Keywords: Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Leishmania, Côte d’Ivoire, Africa, Phlebotomus, Sandyfly, Neglected Tropical Diseases.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Carvacrol and thymol components inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence and biofilm formation

El abed Soumya^1,2, Ibnsouda koraichi Saad^1,2*, Latrache Hassan³, Zineb Ghizlane¹, Mouradi Hind¹ and Remmal Adnane⁴

¹Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Fès- Saïs, Morocco.

²Centre Universitaire Régional d’Interface, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah –Fès, Morocco.

³Laboratoire de Valorisation et de Sécurité des Produits Agroalimentaires, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de BéniMellal, Morocco.

⁴Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz –Fès, Morocco.

Accepted 22 November, 2020

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a high propensity to develop biofilms that are resistant to exogenous deleterious agents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether carvacrol and thymol can interfere with adherence phenomena as well as acting on biofilm formation. Tests of P. aeruginosa strains showed that carvacrol and thymol interferes with the starting phases of adherence as well as with P. aeruginosa biofilms. Carvacrol and thymol (2MIC) inhibition was 97±8.5 and 89±6.3% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and 72±4.6 and 69±6.8% for P. aeruginosa (CIP A22) adherence respectively. Carvacrol (2MIC) inhibition exceeds 90% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and P. aeruginosa (IL5) biofilm. Thymol (2MIC) inhibition is 86±2.1, 54±5.9 and 70±4.3% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) P. aeruginosa (CIP A22), P. aeruginosa (IL5), respectively.

Key words: Biofilm, adherence, carvacrol, thymol, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-015, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals