ISSN 2756-3650
Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 7 (12), pp. 001-007, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Host determinants of bovine mastitis in semi-intensive production system of Khartoum state, Sudan
Nuol Aywel Madut1, Atif Elamin Abdel Gadir2*, Isam Mohamed El Jalii2
1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bahr. Elgazal.
2Department of Preventive Medicine and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Box 32, Khartoum, Sudan.
Accepted 22 April, 2018
Abstract
Out of 2283 quarter milk samples, 224 (9.81%) gave positive reactivity to California mastitis test, while 600 (26.28%) and 1459 (63.9%) recorded as doubtful and negative respectively. In this study isolated Corynebacterium were Corynebacterium striatum 9 (33.3%), Arcanobacterium pyogene 4 (14.8%), Corynebacterium Pseudotuberculosis 2 (7.4%), Corynebacterium ulcerans 5 (18.5%), Corynebacterium bovis 7 (25.9%). The result showed that age, stage of lactation, teat lesion could be a risk factors for presence of bovine mastitis (OR = 1.34, 1.59 and 7.31 respectively).
Key words: Corynebacterium spp., California mastitis test, host determinant, semi-intensive production, Sudan.
Atif Elamin Abdel Gadir* and Isam Mohamed El Jalii, Nuol Aywel Madut
Page: 1 - 7
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1130Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 7 (12), pp. 001-005, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Pathologic lesions in the gills of Clarias gariepinus exposed to sublethal concentrations of soap and detergent effluents
M. A. Ogundiran*, O. O. Fawole, S. O. Adewoye and T. A. Ayandiran
Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P. M. B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Accepted 22 April, 2018
Abstract
Investigations were carried out on the gill tissues of African cat fish ( Clarias gariepinus) exposed to sub lethal concentrations (0.002, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005 and 0.006 mgl-1) of soap and detergent effluents in a static renewal bioassay procedure for a total period of 52 days. The histopathological studies of the sectioned gills of this fish species showed marked histological alterations. The observed pathological lesions of the gills include infiltration of secondary lamellae, inter-lamellae hyper plastic lesion, oedema (an indication of ballooning dilatation in form of club deformation at the tip of secondary lamellae), congestion of the blood vessels, epithelial thickening and lifting, and necrosis of various degrees. The degree of all these recorded anomalies is concentration dependent. All the fishes held in the control stock showed inappreciable or no histological degradation as a result of stress in the course of handling while their staining patterns and cellular arrangement remained unaffected. Therefore, indiscriminate human exposure to such concentrations of this effluent is dangerous to health.
Key words: Clarias geriepinus, histological, sub lethal, soap and detergent, effluent and pathological.
M. A. Ogundiran*, S. O. Adewoye and T. A. Ayandiran, O. O. Fawole
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1129Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 7 (12), pp. 001-004, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Growth performance of Alma millsoni fed with brewers dried grain (BDG) and coconut husk
G.A. Dedeke*, A.A. Aladesida and O.A. Akinola
Dept of Plant Science and Applied Zoology Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Accepted 22 April, 2018
Abstract
The growth performance of Alma millsoni cultured on 'brewers dried grain and coconut husk was studied in a completely randomized design with three treatments (Control, brewer’s dried grain and coconut husk) and three replicates. Earthworms were cultured in plastic bins of 60 x 30 x 30 cm. While coconut husk was used as the bedding, the earthworms were fed with brewer’s dried grain, coconut husk or no extra feed other than the bedding. Growth performance of the earthworms was measured every week. The proximate composition of the earthworm was conducted using standard procedures. The mean weight of the earthworms under the three different treatments was significantly different (P < 0.05); with earthworms fed brewers dried grain recording the highest mean weight (1.03 ± 0.50). No significant difference was observed in the percentage crude fibre, crude protein and moisture between A. millsoni from different treatments; whereas a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the percentage crude fat and ash between A. millsoni from the different treatments with A. millsoni fed brewers dried grain recording the highest percentage crude fat. Weight of worms was significantly and positively correlated to feed source (P < 0.05). The implication of this is that earthworms fed with brewers dried grain gained weight above those fed with coconut husk or the control but the weight gain observed may have been as a result of the increase in crude fat content of the earthworms since there was no difference in their crude protein content. Culturing of earthworm on either coconut husk or brewers dried grain must therefore be accompanied with a protein source.
Key words: Earthworm, culturing, growth, performance, proximate, composition.
G.A. Dedeke*, A.A. Aladesida and O.A. Akinola
Page: 1 - 4
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1128Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 7 (12), pp. 001-005, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Comparison of hexavalent chromium bioaccumulation in five strains of paramecium, Paramecium bursaria
M. Golam Mortuza1, 2*, Toshiyuki Takahashi2, Tatsuya Ueki2, Toshikazu Kosaka2, Hitoshi Michibata2 and Hiroshi Hosoya2
1Present Address: Department of Zoology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.
2Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
Accepted 17 April, 2018
Abstract
The effects of hexavalent chromium on the cell growth of paramecium, Paramecium bursaria were investigated. Five strains (KBW-2, KNN-2, KNN-3, IM-6 and F1-6a) of P. bursaria (both symbiotic and algae free) were incubated in lettuce media supplemented with different concentrations of potassium dichromate under LD (12 h light: 12 h dark) conditions. To compare the bioaccumulation of chromium in symbiotic and algae free strains of P. bursaria, the concentration of chromium in cell pellet has been analyzed and calculated. The average amount of chromium accumulated in paramecium was ranged from 1.53 to 42.12 pg Cr/cell at concentration-dependent manner after 7-day of incubation. The results show that the symbiotic and algae free strains of P. bursaria can accumulate chromium and chromium accumulation ability of symbiotic strains is higher than that of algae free strains. This suggests that interactive effect of paramecium and algal cell was generally found to be synergistic in chromium accumulation for symbiotic paramecia.
Key words: Hexavalent chromium, bioaccumulation, Paramecium bursaria.
Hitoshi Michibata and Hiroshi Hosoya, Tatsuya Ueki, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Toshikazu Kosaka, M.tGolam Mortuza*
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1127Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 7 (11), pp. 001-004, November, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence of snail vectors of schistosomiasis and their infection rates in two localities within Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U.) Campus, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Ayanda, Opeyemi Isaac
Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.:+234 8030661295.
Accepted 23 March, 2018
Abstract
648 snails comprising 392 (60.5%) Bulinus globosus (Morelet, 1866) and 256 (39.5%) Biomphalaria pfeifferi (Krauss, 1848) obtained from Samaru stream and ABU dam between April and September 2007 were examined for cercariae. Of this total, 355 snails were obtained from Samaru stream while 293 snails were obtained from A.B.U dam. 247 (69.58%) of the snails from Samaru stream were B. globosus and 108 (30.42%), B. pfeifferi. Similarly, 145 (49.49%) B. globosus and 148 (50.51%) were gotten from A.B.U dam. Two schistosomes were observed during the study; Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium with the former being more prevalent (20.31%) than the latter (18.37%). Occurrence of snails at each locality showed marked differences; B. globosus being more prevalent at Samaru stream and B. pfeifferi more prevalent at ABU dam. There was no significant difference in the comparison of means of prevalence in the two snails.
Key words: Bulinus globosus, Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, Zaria.
Ayanda , Opeyemi Isaac
Page: 1 - 4
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1126Research Article
International Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 7 (11), pp. 001-008, November, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effects of gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos on implantation and neonatal mice
S. F. Ambali1*, S. O. Abbas1, M. Shittu1, T. Dzenda1, M. U. Kawu1, S. O. Salami2 and J. O. Ayo1
1Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
2Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Accepted 23 March, 2018
Abstract
Exposure to some organophosphate (OP) compounds during pregnancy has been associated with adverse health consequence on both the mother and the offspring. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF) during gestation on implantation and on some neonatal parameters in mice. Twenty one virgin Swiss albino mice divided into 3 groups of 7 mice each served as subjects for this study. Mice in group 1 were dosed with corn oil (control), while those in groups 2 and 3 were exposed to CPF at a dose of 15.9 mg/kg (~15% LD 50) and 21.2 mg/kg (~20% LD50), respectively. All the dams were dosed between gestation days (GD) 6 - 15 and monitored for signs of toxicity and gestation length. At birth, the litter size and weight, and the anogenital distance of the pups were measured. The pups were evaluated for physical characteristics and death. The dams were sacrificed at postnatal day 22, and the uterine horns evaluated for number of implantation sites. The results showed a significant decrease in the litter size and weight, and anogenital distance in pups exposed to CPF in utero compared to the control. In addition, all the pups prenatally exposed to CPF were born weak and died few days postpartum. A dose-dependent increase in percentage post-implantation loss was observed in mice dosed with CPF. In conclusion, exposure of pregnant mice to CPF caused increased gestation length, and postimplantation loss, decreased litter size and weight, survivability and anogenital distance.
Key words: Chlorpyrifos, implantation, gestation length, anogenital distance, litter size, weight, mice.
T. Dzenda, S. O. Salami and J. O. Ayo, S. F. Ambali*, M. U. Kawu, S. O. Abbas, M. Shittu
Page: 1 - 8
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJABG/1125