ISSN 2736-1594
Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2326-7234 Vol. 2 (3), pp. 052-055, March, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Characteristics of women presenting for induced abortion in a Medical College Hospital in North Kerala
Smitha Sreenivas K, Uma Devi N and Pratheesh Rajendran
Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 14 February, 2014
Abstract
Unintended pregnancies lead women to obtain induced abortion which may result in maternal morbidity and mortality. An awareness of their characteristics help identify women in particular need of services and counseling to prevent unplanned pregnancy. A hospital based prospective study was carried out for a period of 9 months from January 1, 2012 to September 30, 2012 where 150 women requesting for medical termination of pregnancy were enrolled. Data was collected using a pre-structured questionnaire and examined age, marital status and number of live born children, educational status, monthly family income, religion, trimester and gestational age of pregnancy and indication and method of termination. Data was presented as frequency and percentages of pregnancies terminated. Majority occurred among women aged 21-24years. Married women obtained 94% of abortions. Most of the patients had 3 prior live births (45.3%). 55.3% had education up to only tenth class and had low monthly family income (71.3%) and came in the first trimester (77.3%). In 48% indication for MTP was contraceptive failure, 48% could be offered medical abortion. All second trimester MTP responded to medical management. Lack of effective contraceptive measures was the major factor for unintended pregnancies. Effective counseling and availability of contraceptives would decrease induced abortions.
Key words: Induced abortion, effective contraception, unintended pregnancy, nullipara, trimester.
Uma Devi N and Pratheesh Rajendran, Smitha Sreenivas K
Page: 52 - 55
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1011Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ISSN: 2326-7234 Vol. 2 (1), pp. 032-039, January, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Male condom: Knowledge and practice among undergraduates of a tertiary institution in Nigeria
*Akpan U.B, **Ekott M.I and **Udo A.E
*Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
**Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 29 October, 2013
Abstract
University students represent a sexually active segment of the Nigerian population. Their acceptance of male condom would help to reduce the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV. This study was conducted to determine the level of awareness and utilization of male condom among the undergraduate students of a tertiary institution in Nigeria. In this descriptive survey, a multi stage sampling was used to select 500 students for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information about their sexual behaviour, perceived and actual knowledge as well as utilization. Frequencies and proportions were calculated for demographic variables while categorical data were explored using Chi square test. Level of significance was set at p<0.05. Majority of the respondents (54.4%) were age 21-25 years. All respondents were knowledgeable about male condom. The main source of information was mass media (45.2%). The main reason for using male condom was for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases/HIV (65.03%). The rate of consistent condom use was 36.4% and 52.63% with steady and casual partners respectively. Age and marital status were positively associated with better knowledge of condom (P<0.001 & P = 0.039 respectively). Religious affiliation did not significantly influence knowledge of condom (P = 0.238). Although awareness of condom use has increased, there is a wide gap between its knowledge and practice.
Key words: Condom, awareness, sexual partner, HIV-AIDS, consistent use.
Ekott M.I and Udo A.E, Akpan U.B
Page: 32 - 39
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1009Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 1 (1), pp. 007-009, September, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Women living with obstetric fistula and nurses’ role in preventive measures
Devkumari Shrestha Rai
B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, College of Nursing, Dharan, Nepal.
E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 00977025525555/ 2084. Fax: 00977025520251.
Accepted 27 July, 2013
Abstract
Obstetric fistula is a devastating and preventable tragedy that primarily affects young, poor women who lack the means to access quality maternal care. Women living with fistula are constantly wet from the leaking of urine and often experience genital ulceration, infections and a humiliating odor. About 20% of women with fistula also develop unilateral or bilateral foot drop that limits their day-to-day activities. They are typically shunned by their partners, families and communities because they are considered unclean, and many live in nearly complete isolation. Without financial support, many women with fistula are forced to beg for their living, and they are especially vulnerable to malnutrition and violence.
Key words: Women, living with, obstretic fistula, preventive measure.
Devkumari Shrestha Rai
Page: 7 - 9
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1003Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 1 (2), pp. 015-019, October, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Abnormal blood pressure and hyperandrogenemia in first degree relatives of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome referring to gynecology clinics of Shiraz Medical University
Akbarzadeh M*1, Moradi F2, Dabbaghmanesh MH3, zare N4 and Parsanezhed ME5
1Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Midwifery, Fatemeh (P.B.U.H) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Midwifery, University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
3Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
4Department of Biostatistics, Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Shiraz, Iran.
5 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Accepted 30 September, 2013
Abstract
In women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), increased prevalence of hypertension and abnormal androgen status is common. The study investigated the degree of hypertension (BP) and hyperandrogenemia in the first degree relatives of women with (PCOS) referred to a clinic affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. This is a case-control study in which 107 first degree relatives of women with (PCOS) as case group and 107 individuals as control group were interviewed. Then, the first part of a questionnaire including demographic information was filled in, and the blood pressure measurements and blood samples were obtained to evaluate the serum levels of androgens. The data were analyzed through Chi-square. All statistical tests had 95% confidence intervals and alpha coefficient of 0.05. There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean BP of the experimental and control groups (p≤0.001) but no significant relationship was observed among the brothers. The mean testosterone in the experimental groups was significantly higher than the controls (p≤0.001). Testosterone levels in the parents of the experimental group than control group but no significant relationship between them (p≥0.05). The first degree relatives of women with (PCOS) are probably exposed to the risk of high BP and hyperandrogenemia. Screening for hypertension and other risk factors related to increased androgen (Hyperlipidemia, glucose tolerance, etc.) is essential.
Key words: Hypertension, hyperandrogenemia, polycystic ovarian syndrome, hyperlipidemia, androgen.
Moradi F, zare N and Parsanezhed ME, Dabbaghmanesh MH, Akbarzadeh M
Page: 15 - 19
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1004Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 1 (1), pp. 001-006, September, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Maternal mortality and emergency obstetric care in Benin City, South-south Nigeria
L. O. Omo-Aghoja1*, O. A. Aisien2, J. T. Akuse3, S. Bergstrom4 and F. E. Okonofua2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
3Sefas Medical Centre, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
4Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]. Tel: 234 8023435599 or 234 8039377043
Accepted 25 July, 2013
Abstract
To estimate the maternal mortality ratio, identify the contribution of Type III delays and assess the status of emergency obstetric services in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital, service delivery records of all maternities over 2 years were analyzed. Emergency care facilities in the hospital were physically verified and 10 senior medical/midwifery staff was interviewed in-depth. The maternal mortality ratio was 2,356/100,000 deliveries. The leading causes of death were HIV/AIDS (20.2%), eclampsia (12.4%), puerperal sepsis (11.9%), unsafe abortion (9.5%), and postpartum hemorrhage (4.8%). Associated causes of death were Type III delay (61.9%), Type I delay (28.6%), Type II delay (0%) and 9.5% of the women had no delay. Type III delay was due largely to delayed referral. Other causes were lack of blood, oxygen and necessary equipment in the hospital. Although the hospital had relevant emergency obstetric care facilities, there is inadequate midwifery staff, blood, oxygen supplies and intensive care facilities. Tertiary health institutions engaged in maternity care in Nigeria should step up their emergency obstetric services and reach out to other care providers to build greater understanding of issues relating to safe motherhood.
Key words: Maternal mortality, Nigeria, emergency obstetrics care, safe motherhood, millennium development goals, Type III delay.
O. A. Aisien, J. T. Akuse, S. Bergstrom and F. E. Okonofua, L. O. Omo-Aghoja
Page: 1 - 6
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1002Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 1 (2), pp. 020-022, October, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence and pregnancy outcome among obstetric population in Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria
C. Ibekwe Perpetus*, A. Onu Fidelis, Agboeze Joseph and O. Ezeonu Paul
Federal Medical Centre, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 29 October, 2013
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a pandemic worldwide especially among the obstetric population where prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of the infection is still a major challenge. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of HIV seropositivity and pregnancy outcome among obstetric patients in Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria. A retrospective review of all deliveries at the Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State over a period of three years (January 2006 to December 2008) was done. The records of all HIV positive patients who delivered in the hospital were retrieved for detailed analysis. One thousand eight hundred and sixty six (1866) deliveries were conducted during the period. Of these, 94 patients were HIV positive giving a seroprevalence rate of 5.04%. Seventy percent were between 25 and 30 years. Majority (90%) had some form of education while 10% were illiterates. Most diagnoses (93.3%) were made in pregnancy, 73.3% received antiretroviral therapy and 86.7% delivered vaginally. Thirty percent of the babies were exclusively breastfed. Maternal mortality ratio was 3,300 per 100,000 births, while perinatal mortality was 67 per 1,000 for this group of patients. It is concluded that the seroprevalence rate is high with associated adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Routine screening by the general populace is advocated, as most diagnoses were made during antenatal care. There is also need to educate our women on safe delivery and breastfeeding options.
Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence, maternal outcome, perinatal outcome, Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria.
A. Onu Fidelis, C. Ibekwe Perpetus, Agboeze Joseph and O. Ezeonu Paul
Page: 20 - 22
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1007