International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 10 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Observations on antifertility and abortifacient herbal drugs

Ghulam Mujtaba Shah¹, Mir Ajab Khan¹, Dr.Mushtaq Ahmad¹, Muhammad Zafar^1* and Aftab Ahmed Khan²

¹Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad Pakistan.

²COMSATS, Institute of IT, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

Accepted 14 April, 2022

Abstract

This communication presents first hand information gathered on 36 medicinal plants belonging to 23 families traditionally used by the tribal and rural women of northern areas of North West Frontier Province (NWFP), Pakistan for birth control. Study provides information on local names, mode of administration and dosages as `practiced by rural and tribal women. Most effective plant species to induce abortion include: Artemisia maritime L., Boerhavaia diffusa Auct. Plur., Buddleja asiatica Lour, Chrysanthemum parthenium (L.) Bernh, Justacia adhatod L., Ricinus communis L., Zingiber officinale Roscol., Daucus crota L., Momordica charantia L., Plumbago zeylanica L., Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn., Plantago ovata Forssk, Tanacetum vulgare and Arctium lappa L. The most widely used contraceptives are: Amaranthus viridis L., Achyranthes aspera L., Ricinus communis L., Mentha arvensis L., Nepeta cataria L., Cuscuta reflexa Roxb., Curcuma longa L., Foeniculum vulgare Miller., Butea monosperma (Lam.) O. Kze., Albizia lebbeck (L.) Bth., Ficus religosa L. and Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. The tribal population of the region primarily depends upon these plants for family planning. They use herbal drugs to induce abortion and as contraceptives. Further studies on chemical and pharmacological actions are suggested to validate the claims.

Key words: Phytotherapeutic claims, abortifacients, contraceptives.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 10 (8), pp. 001-003, August, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Review

Live birth by fallopian tube sperm perfusion in hyperprolactinemic woman after failed in vitro-fertilization

Adesanya O. A.^1,3*, Shittu L. A. J.^1,2, Oyewopo A. O.^1,4, Babalola O. S.^1,2, Jewo I.² and Ashiru O._A.1,2

¹ Medical ART Center, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.

² Department of Anatomy Lagos State University College of Medicine (LASUCOM), Lagos, Nigeria.

³Department of Anatomy, Igbinedion University Okada Edo State, Nigeria.

⁴ Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Accepted 25 October, 2021

Abstract

The case presented describes a live birth following treatment of a 35-year-old woman with fallopian tube sperm perfusion (FTSP) using donor sperm after three-repeated unsuccessful courses of In-vitro fertilization (IVF) with Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (PESA), Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE), and donor sperm. The indication of FTSP is hereby explored and discussed.

Key words: Male infertility, intrauterine insemination, hyper-prolactinemia, azoospermia, donor sperm, Lagos.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 10 (8), pp. 001-005, August, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Reproductive performance of rabbits fed maize-milling waste based diets

F.O. Ajayi¹, O.O. Balogun², S.S. Ovuru¹ and O.O. Mgbere¹

¹Department of Animal Science, Rivers State University of Science & Technology, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

²Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Accepted 22 February, 2021

Abstract

The influence of maize-milling waste on the reproductive performance of rabbits was assessed. The treatments comprised of autoclaved and unautoclaved maize-milling waste, groundnut cake/maize meal diets formulated with 0 (I), 25 (II), 50 (III), 75 (IV) and 100% (V) replacement of maize with maize-milling waste. Each of the diets contains 18% crude protein and was unpelleted. There were two parity periods and the duration was 15 weeks. In the first parity period, the conception rates were 33.33, 100, 75, 66.66 and 75% for treatments I, II, III, IV and V, respectively, while the second parity conceptions rates were 50, 75 and 50% for treatments II, III and IV, respectively. No conceptions were observed for treatments I and V. The first breeding trials had abortion rates of 50 and 25% for treatments II and V, respectively. Autoclaved maize-milling waste was used for the second breeding trials. Autoclaving maize milling waste was observed to improve the nutritional value of the diets and neither abortion nor still births were seen for the second parity period. Therefore, simple diet comprising maize-milling waste and groundnut cake can support normal growth and reproduction of rabbits for meat production.

Key words: Rabbits, maize-milling waste, reproduction.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 10 (7), pp. 001-004, July, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The effect of adding hyoscine to vaginal misoprostol on shortening the time of abortion induction

Ezzatalsadat Haji Seid Javadi¹, Samira Ghaffari¹, Farideh Movahed¹*, Amir Javadi¹ and Omid Mashrabi²

¹Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.

²General Medicine, Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Accepted 12 November, 2021

Abstract

Induced abortion is the termination of pregnancy by medical or surgical methods before the fetus’ viability. Available evidences show that due to spasmolytic effects, use of Hyoscine with Misoprostol may reduce the pain during abortion induction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Misoprostol in combination with Hyoscine compared with Misoprostol alone in reducing the duration of abortion induction. In a clinical trial at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences on 126 pregnant women with gestational age below 20 weeks elected for abortion, the effect of Misoprostol in combination with Hyoscine compared with Misoprostol alone was evaluated in reducing the duration of abortion induction. The mean duration of abortion induction in Misoprostol with Hyoscine represented statistically significant decrease compared with Misoprostol (653.38 ± 80.386 min, with 726.29 ± 64.56 min) (P ≤ 0.001). There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics, including maternal age, gestational age, gravidity, parity and history of abortion between the two study groups, and the two groups were homogeneous. Duration of abortion induction (p < 0.001), the rate of vaginal bleeding (p < 0.001), and the rate of hemoglobin deficiency (p = 0.002) in the group receiving Misoprostol suppositories and Hyoscine was significantly lower than in the group receiving Misoprostol suppositories alone. The need for analgesics in the group receiving Misoprostol suppositories and Hyoscine was significantly less than in the group receiving Misoprostol suppositories alone (p < 0.001). Finally, results of this study showed that adding 20 mg Hyoscine intra venous to vaginal Misoprostol is effective in significantly reducing the duration of the abortion induction, getting less pain killers, less vaginal bleeding and less decrease in hemoglobin changes.

Key words: Vaginal misoprostol, hyoscine, induction of abortion.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 10 (6), pp. 001-05, June, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Body mass index (BMI) related insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian syndrome among patients referred to gynecology clinic of Imam Reza Hospital, Tehran, Iran

Khayyat Khameneie Maryam¹, Nahid Arian pour²*, Aghdas Safari¹ and Rasool Roozegar³

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Reza Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

²Department of Microbiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

³Department of Statistics, Yazd University, Yazd, 89195-741, Iran.

Accepted 18 September, 2021

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOs) is one of the commonest endocrinopathies of women. The present work has been undertaken with an aim to study insulin resistance rate among army personnel families. Out of 108 women suffering from oligomenorrhea and hirsutism referred to gynecology clinic of Imam Reza hospital from 2009 to 2010, 58 patients with PCOs were evaluated for insulin resistance. Their disease was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by laboratory findings. The patients fasting blood sugar (FBS) was measured to be 81 to 103 with mean of 91.44 ± 6.52. Insulin level of their fasting blood (FBI) was 3.1 to 33 with mean of 10.95 ± 7.53. FBS/FBI ratio ranged from 2.87 to 31.6 with mean of 12.54 ± 7.98. The co-relational analysis reveals a positive relationship between insulin resistance and body mass index (BMI; normal, overweight and obese). There was a significant association between these two ordinal variables (Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient is 0.59, P < 0.01). Leutinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio is not significantly related with BMI (P = 0.65) and no significant relationship was observed between age groups and LH/FSH ratio (P = 0.76). The results achieved by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), that is, the F-values given in the Tests of Between-Subjects Effects indicate that the contribution of age group to ANOVA is not significant (F = 0.160, P = 0.852). The level of significance between BMI and FBS/FBI is 0.699 (F = 0.360). In addition to the main effects of both variables, there is no significant interaction. 6% of overweight and 39% of our obese patients were resistant to insulin, while no resistance to insulin was observed among cases with normal BMI.

Key words: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOs), insulin resistance, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), infertility.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 10 (5), pp. 001-05, May, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Combined oral and vaginal misoprostol use in therapeutic terminations at 14 to 28 weeks of gestation

Murat Bozkurt

Taksim Education and Research Hospital, Gynecology and Obstetrics Department. Sıraselviler Cad No. 112 Beyoğlu, 34433. Istanbul, Turkey. Tel: 902122524300-1204 -905322279072, Fax: 902122497804 E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 19 November, 2021

Abstract

This study involved an investigation of the effectiveness and complications of oral and vaginal misoprostol use on the termination of second trimester pregnancies. A total of 103 cases were recruited from the medical records of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Taksim Research and Training Hospital and Şırnak İdil State Hospital. Women underwent therapeutic termination of pregnancy between the 14 to 28th week of gestation using the defined combined misoprostol regimen. After the women were admitted, 200 μg vaginal (100 μg intracervical, 100 μg into the posterior fornix), 200 μg oral doses and 200 μg of sequential doses were administered in the 2nd and 4th hour. Subjects were excluded from the study if they were out of the defined gestational weeks using additional drugs with misoprostol; their data has not been recorded in detail. Of the 103 cases, 86 had an abortion within 24 h and the mean expulsion time was calculated as 15.42 ± 7.14 h (min 6.39 to max 20.03) in this group. The success rate for the 24 h was found to be 83.4%. Six more cases had an abortion when the second dose was given. The mean expulsion time was found to be 9.31 ± 3.26 h (min 6.45 to max 13.21) for the second 24 h. The success rate over 48 h rose to 89.3%. The total expulsion time was 18.30 ± 8.74 h. There was a history of previous caesarean sections in 2 out of 11 cases that did not have an abortion and one of these cases underwent a hysterotomy. The pregnancy was terminated by evacuation and curettage, as abortion did not occur despite 3 different high dose misoprostol regimens as in the other cases. Pregnancies of the remaining 9 cases were terminated with different misoprostol doses, oxytocin infusion and the evacuation and curettage method. When complication rates were evaluated, analgesic requiring pain (18.4%) was the leading complication, followed by nausea (11.6%), fever (7.7%), headaches and dizziness (5.8%), transfusion-requiring haemorrhage (3.8%) and diarrhea (1.9%). Uterine rupture or death did not occur. A combined misoprostol regimen is relatively safe with acceptable side effects when used carefully for the termination of second trimester pregnancies.

Keyword: Misoprostol, Pregnancy Trimester. Second, Termination of Pregnancy, Mean Expulsion Time, Medical Termination, Vacuum Curettage, Side Effects