ISSN 2736-1594
Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 11 (2), pp. 001-003, February, 2023. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Microbiological profile of breast abscess in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Care Service of a Philanthropic Hospital in Vitória, ES, Brazil
Bassetti, Bil Randerson¹*, Scherre, Flávia de Souza Freitas2, Pontello, Mariana Andreata Rocha2, Mattede Maria das Graças Silva3 and Chambo Filho Antônio3
1Master’s in Biotechnology, Infectious Disease and Infection Control of Hospital Estadual Central
2Intern of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória.
3Graduation in Farmácia e Bioquímica Ph.D. in Ciencias de la educacion.
Accepted 13 November, 2022
Abstract
Mastitis is frequent and may lead to severe mutilations if initial treatment is not adequate. Community-acquired MRSA infections have been increasing in prevalence and incidence, including mastitis. We conducted a prospective observational study to evaluate the incidence of MRSA infections in community mastitis in Vitória, Espírito Santo. In the 24 months of study conducted at the genecology and obstetrics emergency room of the Santa Casa de Misericórdia hospital, 52 patients with mastitis and indication of drainage had the etiological agent identified. The most important was Staphylococcus aureus, with 96% (50 / 52), of these 72% (36/50) were MRSA. Half of these patients were lactating. In the community mastitis treated in this service, there is a high incidence of MRSA, with potential failure in the initial treatments and risk of colonization and infection in newborns in the puerperal mastitis.
Keywords: Mastitis; MRSA infections; antibiotics.
Mariana Andreata Rocha, Pontello , Bil Randerson*, Flávia de Souza Freitas, Mattede Maria das Graças Silva and Chambo Filho Antônio, Scherre , Bassetti
Page: 1 - 3
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1130Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-010, January, 2023. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Low birth weight, metabolic syndrome and their associations with the global crisis of 1930 - 1945, rapidly growing economy and coronary heart disease in Central Africa
B. Longo-Mbenza1,2*, D. Vangu Ngoma3 and S. Mbungu Fuele3
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kinshasa, DRC.
2Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, South Africa.
3Biostatistics Unit, Lomo Medical Center and Heart of Africa Center of Cardiology, Kinshasa, DRC.
Accepted 26 October, 2022
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) and metabolic syndrome (Mets) and their associations with 1930 - 1945 years of global crisis and cardiovascular risk factors in Central Africans. The study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted on Central African patients born between 1930 and 1977. Mets was diagnosed using WHO criteria. Of 407 patients, 262 (64. 6%) and 77 (18.9%) met the criteria of LBW and Mets, respectively. There was association between birth during 1930 global crisis and 1945 second war period; adulthood hypertension, low economic growth, high pulse pressure, type 2 diabetes, decline of renal function, hypercholesterolemia, left ventricular hypertrophy and LBW. There was a U-shaped relationship between current body mass index and Mets in all patients and men, but a linear relationship between current body mass index and Mets in women. Coronary heart disease (OR = 2.3 95%CI 1.1 - 4.8; P = 0.024), LBW (OR = 10 95%CI 3.9 - 25.5; P < 0.0001), elevated fibrinogen (OR = 3.5 95%CI 2 - 6.1; P < 0.0001) were the independent risk factors of Mets in all patients. LBW effect on Mets was lower in men (OR = 7.5 95%IC 2.6 - 22.1; P < 0.0001) than in women (OR = 18 95%CI 2.3 - 37; P = 0.005). In a separate multivariate analysis for only continuous variables, Mets in all patients was independently determined as follows: Y = -1.523 + 0.003 fibrinogen + 0.01 total cholesterol - 0.001 birth weight. LBW, coronary heart disease, malnutrition, elevated fibrinogen, total cholesterol and urea nitrogen may be considered as additional components of Mets in the African patients born between 1930 and 1945 and more in women than in men.
Key words: Low birth weight, fibrinogen, cardiovascular risk factors, metabolic syndrome, Sub-Saharan Africa.
B. Longo-Mbenza*, D. Vangu Ngoma and S. Mbungu Fuele
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1129Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2023. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Microbial agents of abnormal vaginal discharge in pregnant mothers attending Primary Health Care Centers of Jos, Nigeria
S. I. Nwadioha1*, D. Z. Egah2, E. B. Banwat2 and O. O. Alao3
1Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.
2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Jos University Teaching, Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
3Department of Haematology and Blood transfusion, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.
Accepted 26 October, 2022
Abstract
Infective genital discharge in a pregnant mother poses a greater risk of transmission of HIV to the unborn child and other complications such as abortion, premature rupture of membrane, prematurity and low birth weight. To detect some common microbial agents of abnormal vaginal discharge in pregnant women in order to improve the early diagnosis and prompt treatment in line with current syndromic management. A prospective study of female genital swabs from pregnant women collected from Primary Health Care Centers, Jos and analysed for microscopy, culture and sensitivity in Jos University Teaching Hospital, December 2006 to December 2007. Data on epidemiologic indices were collected from the patients, using structured interviewer- administered questionnaires. Microbial agents were detected in 54.3% (n = 380) of a total 700 female genital swab from the pregnant mothers studied. Candida species were at the peak of the group of causative agents with 80.0% (n = 304) of the 380 positive genital swab samples, other causative agents were Gardnerella vaginalis, an agent of bacteria vaginosis with 7.6% and Trichomonas vaginalis, 1.8%. The distribution of abnormal vaginal discharge was highest in the multigravida (73.3%) and is commonest in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy with 44.7 and 39.5% respectively. Abnormal vaginal discharge was prevalent in the multigravida group and the commonest microbial agents of infective vaginal discharge among the pregnant mothers were Candida species. We recommend early diagnosis, prompt treatment and prevention of infective female genital discharge in pregnant mothers in order to curtail the transmission of HIV.
Key words: Microbial agents, abnormal vaginal discharge, pregnant mothers.
D. Z. Egah, S. I. Nwadioha*, E. B. Banwat and O. O. Alao
Page: 1 - 6
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1128Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 11 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2023. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
750 cases of home delivery and its outcomes in Koohdasht-Iran
Abbasi marani Fatemeh1, Safari Saeed2, 3* and Forogirad Parveen1
1Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Nephrology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 21 October, 2022
Abstract
In 1986, World Health Organization (WHO) suggested the home as a suitable place for delivery process of pregnant women. Home delivery (HD) has been considered less or not at all in developing countries. Based on official reports the rate of HD in Iran 2000 was 5.2% for urban areas. This study reports the reasons and outcomes of HD in 750 pregnant women of Koohdasht- Iran. All the women who resided in Koohdasht and had experienced HD during the study period were enrolled. The data were gathered through a questionnaire that filled in by the researcher while interviewing these women or their relatives. Seven hundred and fifty cases of HD were detected during the study period. The mean age of women was 28 ± 0.7 years. Financial problems, personal willingness, and pervious history of HD were the most common reasons for HD. The majority of unpleasant outcomes of HD were precocious bleeding after HD, looseness of womb, and precocious rapture of sack which occurred in cases who were conducted by a local uneducated midwife and among the mothers who had their first delivery. Screening and selection of the pregnant women at low risk for HD can reduce the unpleasant outcomes. It is suggested to arrange some training program about HD for uneducated lay midwives and to the family planning units to emphasize the training mothers about the delivery process. Relevance to clinical practice: HD can be noted as an alternative choice for pregnant women.
Key words: Home delivery, home birth, out of hospital birth, Iran, Koohdasht.
Safari Saeed* and Forogirad Parveen, Abbasi marani Fatemeh
Page: 1 - 4
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1127Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2736-1594 Vol. 10 (9), pp. 001-026, September, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The role of anemia in term and preterm pregnancies: Evidence from the Brazilian Multicenter Study on Preterm Birth (EMIP)
Clara Cooper¹, Kelvin Smith², Larry Williamsᶾ*
Affiliations:
Correspondingauthor:
Maria Laura Costa, MD, PhD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Rua Alexander Fleming 101, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-881, Brazil
Phone number: +55 (19) 3521-9482; Email address: [email protected]
Abstract
Purpose: Evaluate prevalence of anemia in term and preterm pregnancies and compare maternal and perinatal outcomes.Methods: Secondary analysis of Brazilian Multicenter Study on Preterm Birth (EMIP). Cross sectional study on preterm births,with sample of term births. Analysis compared prevalence of anemia in term and preterm births and among their types (spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM), or provider initiatedpreterm birth (piPTB)) and between women with anemia in both groups. Multivariate analysis to identify conditions that independently associated to anemia in term and preterm groups was performed. Results:Study included 3716 preterm and 1048 term births. Prevalence of anemia was 33.23% and 27.74% in preterm and term pregnancies respectively. Anemia was higher among the pPROM group (36.3%, p=0.029). Multivariate analysis showed association with anemia and living area in term group (p= 0.001), urinary tract infection in sPTB and piPTB group (p<0.001), neonatal morbidity (p= 0.001), inadequate number of prenatal care visits (p= 0.009) in pPROM group. Conclusion: Anemia was associated with poor maternal education, children below 5 years, late onset of prenatal care and less than six medical visits. Also, was more prevalent in preterm births.
Keywords: anemia, pregnancy, preterm birth, antenatal care, adverse neonatal outcomes
Kelvin Smith and Larry Williams*, Clara Cooper
Page: 1 - 26
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1126Research Article
International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN 2736-1594, Vol. 10 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2022. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Metabolic and inflammatory consequences in women using selected methods of contraception
Ayodele A. Adelakun1*, Isaac O. Adediji1, Adeolu S. Oluremi1, John O. Imaralu2, Temitope O. Olusanya1, Olufemi J. Idowu3, Oyejide A. Olaniyan4, Peace I. Olawoore5, Victoria Adediji1, Oluwapelumi Alake1, Tomisin Onakoya1, Atinuke Ojo-Rowland1, and Opeyemi Sule1.
1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Nigeria
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Nigeria
3Department of Chemical Pathology, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
4Department of Chemical Pathology, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
5Department of Chemical Pathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
Accepted 11th August, 2022.
Abstract
Hormonal contraception is associated with increased risk of obesity and cardiovascular diseases in women. We therefore studied the effect of different methods of contraception on insulin resistance and an inflammation biomarker. A total of ninety women were recruited - 25 implant contraceptive (IMC) users, 25 injectable contraceptives (INC) users, 10 oral contraceptive (OC) users and 10 intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) users, 20 non contraceptive users who served as controls. Anthropometric measurements were made and blood samples were collected for the determination of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum insulin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), while Homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. We observed a significantly decreased HOMA-IR and serum insulin, in the IMC, INC and OC groups compared with the control. There was also significantly elevated waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and diastolic blood pressure in the test groups compared with the controls. In implants users, hsCRP showed a significant positive correlation with WC and FPG. In injectable users, hsCRP showed a significant positive correlation with BMI and WC. This study showed decreased serum insulin concentration among women using hormonal contraceptives and an association between serum hsCRP level and Waist circumference in them.
Key words: Contraception, Insulin resistance, anthropometric variables, inflammatory markers.
John O. I, Temitope O. O, Oluwapelumi Alake, Peace I. Olawoore, Adediji V, Tomisin Onakoya, Adeolu S. O, Olufemi J. I, Ayodele A. A*, and Opeyemi S, Isaac O. A, Atinuke Ojo-Rowland, Oyejide A. O
Page: 1 - 7
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJOG/1125