International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2326-7234 Vol.  3 (3) pp. 077-080, May, 2015.© International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Joined oral and vaginal misoprostol use in remedial terminations at 14 to 28 weeks of gestation

Cemal İpekçi Kutlar

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 19 April, 2015

Abstract 

This study involved an investigation of the effectiveness and complications of oral and vaginal misoprostol use on the termination of second trimester pregnancies. A total of 103 cases were recruited from the medical records of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Taksim Research and Training Hospital and Şırnak İdil State Hospital. Women underwent therapeutic termination of pregnancy between the 14 to 28th week of gestation using the defined combined misoprostol regimen. After the women were admitted, 200 μg vaginal (100 μg intracervical, 100 μg into the posterior fornix), 200 μg oral doses and 200 μg of sequential doses were administered in the 2nd and 4th hour. Subjects were excluded from the study if they were out of the defined gestational weeks using additional drugs with misoprostol; their data has not been recorded in detail. Of the 103 cases, 86 had an abortion within 24 h and the mean expulsion time was calculated as 15.42 ± 7.14 h (min 6.39 to max 20.03) in this group. The success rate for the 24 h was found to be 83.4%. Six more cases had an abortion when the second dose was given. The mean expulsion time was found to be 9.31 ± 3.26 h (min 6.45 to max 13.21) for the second 24 h. The success rate over 48 h rose to 89.3%. The total expulsion time was 18.30 ± 8.74 h. There was a history of previous caesarean sections in 2 out of 11 cases that did not have an abortion and one of these cases underwent a hysterotomy. The pregnancy was terminated by evacuation and curettage, as abortion did not occur despite 3 different high dose misoprostol regimens as in the other cases. Pregnancies of the remaining 9 cases were terminated with different misoprostol doses, oxytocin infusion and the evacuation and curettage method. When complication rates were evaluated, analgesic requiring pain (18.4%) was the leading complication, followed by nausea (11.6%), fever (7.7%), headaches and dizziness (5.8%), transfusion-requiring haemorrhage (3.8%) and diarrhea (1.9%). Uterine rupture or death did not occur. A combined misoprostol regimen is relatively safe with acceptable side effects when used carefully for the termination of second trimester pregnancies.

Keyword: Misoprostol, Pregnancy Trimester. Second, Termination of Pregnancy, Mean Expulsion Time, Medical Termination, Vacuum Curettage, Side Effects

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2326-7234 Vol.  3 (3) pp. 072-076, May, 2015.  © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Exploratory endometriosis reduction in rats treated with pioglitazone

*Zhuo Zetian, Jiang S. Kar-wai and Guan V. Salim

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 7 April, 2015

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to assess the effectiveness of the pioglitazone on endometriosis in rats. The study was performed on 24 Wistar rats. Endometriosis induction was performed in 24 rats, which were divided into three groups: group I (model group); and group II, the treatment group, comprising the other 12 rats. After 3 months, pioglitazone was performed in all animals. Pioglitazone treatment seems to be effective in treatment of endometriosis.

Key words: Pioglitazone, endometriosis, uterine implant, NF-_kB p65, I_kBα.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2326-7234 Vol.  3 (2) pp. 068-071, April, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The investigation of relationship between bacterial vaginosis and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia at Xiangya Hospital (Changsha-Hunan, China)

*Zhuo Zetian, Jiang S. Kar-wai and Guan V. Salim

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

E-mail: [email protected] 

Accepted 25 March, 2015

Abstract

This study was to explore the relationship between bacterial vaginosis and cervical dysplasia. Vaginal discharge gram stain, liquid-based thinlayer cystoFast test (TCT), human papilloma virus (HPV) types 16, 18 test, colposcopy and directed biopsy were performed among 46 patients with cervical dysplasia served as investigate group and 100 patients with cervicitis served as control group. There was statistically significant increase in the incidence of bacterial vaginosis among cervical dysplasia group (52.18%) compared with control group (10.0%) (P<0.05). Their human papilloma virus (HPV) 16, 18 positive rates were 60.9 and 3% respectively (P<0.05). Human papilloma virus (HPV) types 16, 18 and bacterial vaginosis co-infection incidence were 41.3 and 0% respectively (P< 0.05). Both human papilloma virus (HPV 16, 18) and bacterial vaginosis (BV) negative results were 28.3 and 87.0% (P<0.05). Logistic regression test indicated that human papilloma virus (HPV) 16, 18 and bacterial vaginosis were independent risk factors for cervical dysplasia. Bacterial vaginosis facilitates the infection of HPV type 16, 18 and thus enhances development and progression of cervical dysplasia.

Key words: Bacterial vaginosis (BV), Human papilloma virus types 16, 18 (HPV 16, 18), cervical dysplasia (CIN).

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2326-7234 Vol.  3 (2) pp. 064-067, April, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Body mass file (BMI) related insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian disorder among patients alluded to gynecology center of Imam Reza Hospital, Tehran, Iran

*Babak M. Amanpour, Reza Kiarostami and Mehran Makhmalbaf

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

Accepted 18 March, 2015

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOs) is one of the commonest endocrinopathies of women. The present work has been undertaken with an aim to study insulin resistance rate among army personnel families. Out of 108 women suffering from oligomenorrhea and hirsutism referred to gynecology clinic of Imam Reza hospital from 2009 to 2010, 58 patients with PCOs were evaluated for insulin resistance. Their disease was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by laboratory findings. The patients fasting blood sugar (FBS) was measured to be 81 to 103 with mean of 91.44 ± 6.52. Insulin level of their fasting blood (FBI) was 3.1 to 33 with mean of 10.95 ± 7.53. FBS/FBI ratio ranged from 2.87 to 31.6 with mean of 12.54 ± 7.98. The co-relational analysis reveals a positive relationship between insulin resistance and body mass index (BMI; normal, overweight and obese). There was a significant association between these two ordinal variables (Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient is 0.59, P < 0.01). Leutinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio is not significantly related with BMI (P = 0.65) and no significant relationship was observed between age groups and LH/FSH ratio (P = 0.76). The results achieved by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), that is, the F-values given in the Tests of Between-Subjects Effects indicate that the contribution of age group to ANOVA is not significant (F = 0.160, P = 0.852). The level of significance between BMI and FBS/FBI is 0.699 (F = 0.360). In addition to the main effects of both variables, there is no significant interaction. 6% of overweight and 39% of our obese patients were resistant to insulin, while no resistance to insulin was observed among cases with normal BMI.

Key words: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOs), insulin resistance, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), infertility.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2326-7234 Vol.  3 (1) pp. 056-058, March, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Predominance of contamination with Nisseria Gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia Trachomatis in ladies guests of gynecology and obstetrics facilities in Zanjan Province of Iran

*Babak M. Amanpour, Reza Kiarostami and Mehran Makhmalbaf

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Microbiology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 25 February, 2015

Abstract 

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) are two of the major causes of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in many countries. There is little information about the prevalence of STIs in Zanjan Province of Iran. This study determines the prevalence of CT and NG cervical infection in women visitors of gynecology and obstetrics clinics in Zanjan. In this descriptive study, three hundred and twenty eight vaginal samples were collected from women referred to gynecology and obstetrics clinics in Zanjan, Iran from 1 to 29 April, 2009. NG was diagnosed by direct Gram staining and inoculation on modified Thayer Martin (MTM) agar with final identification, using commercial API NH kit and CT. This was done measuring serum IgM antibodies to C. trachomatis by commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Prevalence of recent chlamydia and gonorrhea cervical infections at enrollment was 10.3 and 0.9%, respectively. Among sexual risk behaviors, only education was significantly associated with incident of CT. Variables not associated with the risk of CT cervical infection included age, method of contraception and number of sexual partners. These findings emphasize conduction of comprehensive and scheduled program of prevalence survey, aimed at reducing prevalence rate of STIs in the entire Zanjan.

Key word: Neisseria gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), prevalence.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ISSN: 2326-7234 Vol. 2 (3), pp. 045-051, March, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of povidone Iodine 10% versus 7.5% hand scrub in cesarean section wound infections: A prospective trial

Ahmed Yehia Abdel Badee,* Mohammed Khairy Ali, Ahmed Mohammed Abbas and Sherif Abd-Elkarim Mohammed Shazly

Woman's Health Center, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 10 October, 2013

Abstract

Evaluate the efficiency of hand scrubbing by povidone-Iodine solution 10% over 7.5% concentration in decreasing post-cesarean section wound infections. Applying a double blinded randomized controlled trial, the surgical team in maternity ward of Assiut University Woman’s Health Center scrubbed using povidone-Iodine solution 10% before doing 1574 cesarean sections and by 7.5% before doing 1657 cesarean sections. The number of surgical site infection (post cesarean sections septic wounds) and adverse effects of the scrubbing solution occurring to surgical team members were recorded and compared in both groups. A total of 3231 women were included in the study in 2 groups (povidone-Iodine solution 10% before cesarean sections n= 1574, povidone-Iodine solution 7.5% before cesarean sections n=1657). Post cesarean sections septic wounds occurred with povidone-Iodine solution 10% (n=3) less than with 7.5% (n=12, P = 0.026). While contact dermatitis occurred with povidone-Iodine solution 10% (n=6) more than with 7.5% (n=2, P = 0.136). Povidone-Iodine solution 10% is more efficient than 7.5% as a hand scrub in terms of less post cesarean section septic wounds but it causes more contact dermatitis.

Key words: Betadine, povidone Iodine, hand scrubbing, cesarean section wound infections, hygiene.