International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics

International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ISSN 5756-2145 Vol.  2 (1) pp. 057-061, January, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Studies on hereditary structural engineering of biparental offspring for critical yield attributes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

*Ashoka Singh, Paul Raj and E. B Satyajit

Department of Breeding, Genetics, and Plant Molecular biology, School of Biological Sciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 07 December, 2014

Abstract 

An experiment was conducted to develop and evaluate the biparental progenies (BIPs) for important yield component traits in three rice cross combinations, namely, JGL 384 × Rasi (Cross I), KJTCMS 5B × IR 64 (Cross II), WGL 14 × Rasi (Cross III). Genetic analysis of biparental progenies revealed that, the traits namely, days to 50% flowering, plant height and number of productive tillers per plant in Cross I and number of productive tillers per plant in Cross II were governed by additive gene action and for the improvement of these traits pure line selection, mass selection and or progeny selection and pedigree breeding method may be followed. Preponderance of non – additive type of gene action was observed for all the traits studied in Cross III and remaining traits in Crosses I and II. Hence, improvement of these characters could possible through heterosis breeding or single plant selection at later generation after hybridization or two or more cycles of intermating among the selected segregants and to exploit the hidden genetic variability in heterozygous condition.

Key words: Biparental progenies, North Carolina design II (NCD II), mean performance, gene action.

International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ISSN 5756-2145 Vol.  1 (3) pp. 048-056, December, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Genetic studies in connection to yield and quality characteristics in rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

*Subhar Tendulkar, Swami E. Modi and Mahatma E. D

Department of Breeding, Genetics and Plant Molecular biology, School of Biological Sciences. University of Calicut, Malappuram, India.

E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 26 November, 2014

Abstract

The experimental material comprised of 45 F1s generated by crossing ten diverse genotypes of rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a diallel mating design. The set of 45 test cross progenies along with their ten parents were evaluated in a randomized block design with two replications at the Pulse Research Sub-station, SKUAST-K Habak, KVK Farm SKUAST- K Pombai, Anantnag and the Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-K Wadoora to study the gene action for yield and quality traits in rajmash (P. vulgaris L.). The component analysis indicated preponderance of non-additive gene effects in the inheritance of all the traits studied in the data pooled over environments. Net dominance effect over all loci in heterozygotes (h²) was significant and positive for all the traits indicating unidirectional dominance, which was also confirmed from the value ^{ˆ 2} /4 ^{ˆ 1}  that indicated asymmetrical gene distribution. The value of KD/KR was all the traits. The graphical analysis indicated dominance in the case of primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length and seed yield per plant, whereas for rest of the traits, partial to complete dominance was observed. Intermating among the progenies within and between promising crosses in early segregating generations is suggested for further improvement.

Key words: Rajmash, diallel, genetic analysis, inheritance.

International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ISSN 5756-2145 Vol.  1 (3) pp. 043-047, December, 2014.  © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Genetic differing qualities in Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) landraces developed in Botswana

*Quett E. Masire, Mompati P. Mmusi and Festus E. O

Department of Breeding, Genetics and Plant Molecular biology, School of Biological Sciences, Botswana College of Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 01 November, 2014

Abstract 

A field experiment was conducted at Department of Agricultural Research in Sebele in the 2012 to 2013 season using nine accessions that were sourced from the National Plant Genetic Resource Centre (NPGRC), Gaborone, Botswana. Multivariate statistical procedures such as clusters and principal component analysis were used on 15 selected characters to assess agro-morphological variability among tepary bean landraces collected in Botswana. Few characters were statistically significant which suggest lower genetic diversity among the Botswana tepary beans. The first three PCA accounted for 77.12% of accumulated variation. Traits which revealed significant contribution to variation among accessions were number of leaves, plant spread, pod width, 100 seed weight and seeds per pod. The dendrogram results also showed that these characters contributed significantly to the grouping of accessions into three clusters. Three accessions GK011, MTS (Motsumi) and GK012 were separated from the rest of the accessions. However, GK012 and MTS (Motsumi) with highest number of valuable traits are recommended for plant breeders to use as parents in future breeding programs.

Key words: Tepary bean, agro-morphological traits, dendrogram, principal components analysis, multivariate analysis.

International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ISSN 5756-2145 Vol.  1 (2) pp. 037-042, November, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Hereditary qualities of yield and some yield contributing characteristics in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

*Asif Y. Khan, Pervez M. Zia-ul-Haq and Imran Nawaz

Department of Breeding, Genetics, and Plant Molecular biology, School of Biological Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University, Pakistan.

E-mail: [email protected] 

Accepted 24 October, 2014

Abstract 

Inheritance, general combining ability and specific combining ability were studied using four parents: FH-901, NIAB-Karishma, CIM-496 and MS-84 for different plant traits in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Mean values of all genotypes were significantly different from each other for all the traits studied. Epistasis was not found to be involved in any of the traits. The inheritance of all the traits was controlled by additive type of gene action with partial dominance except seed cotton yield that was controlled by over-dominance type of gene action. It was further noticed that the parent MS-84 was best general combiner for the traits like plant height, number of monopodial branches and number of bolls. The cross MS-84 × NIAB-Karishma showed greater specific combining ability for plant height, number of monopodial branches and number of sympodial branches.

Key words: Inheritance, additive-dominance model, over-dominance, combining ability.

International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ISSN 5756-2145 Vol.  1 (2) pp. 019-036, November, 2014.  © International Scholars Journals

Review

Standards, prerequisites and prospects of hereditary mapping in plants

*Kyster D. Demayne , Semagn E. A and Mumbia Petra

School of Life Sciences, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, National University of Benin, Cotonou, Benin.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 04 October, 2014

Abstract

Genetic mapping (also known as linkage mapping or meiotic mapping) refers to the determination of the relative position and distances between markers along chromosomes. Genetic map distances between two markers are defined as the mean number of recombination events, involving a given chromatid, in that region per meiosis. Genetic map construction requires that the researcher develop appropriate mapping population, decide the sample size and type of molecular marker(s) for genotyping, genotype the mapping population with sufficient number of markers, and perform linkage analyses using statistical programs. The construction of detailed genetic maps with high levels of genome coverage is a first step for localizing genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) that are associated with economically important traits, marker assisted selection, comparative mapping between different species, a framework for anchoring physical maps, and the basis for map-based cloning of genes. Highly reproducible, high throughput, codominant, and transferable molecular markers, especially developed from expressed regions, are sought to increase the utility of genetic maps. This article reviews the principles, requirements, and future prospects of genetic mapping in plants.

Key words: Crop improvement, JoinMap, linkage mapping, meiotic mapping, molecular markers, physical map.

International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ISSN 5756-2145 Vol.  1 (1) pp. 009-018, October, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Hereditary qualities of dry season resistance in like manner bean genotypes adjusted to Ugandan conditions

*Milton Charles, Sudhir Amin and Gordon Besigye Patrick

Department of Breeding, Genetics, and Plant Molecular biology, School of Biological Sciences, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Buganda.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 22 September 2014

Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of food and income for majority of households in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, bean production in Uganda is being affected by drought which has resulted from recent changes in climate. Developing high-yielding and drought-tolerant bean cultivars would significantly contribute to increased and stable yields in drought-prone environments. However, prior research was not focused on breeding for drought tolerance in bean in Uganda. Thus, this study sought to elucidate the genetics governing the inheritance of drought tolerance in Ugandan bean genotypes, through establishing the mechanism of inheritance of this trait in the genotypes relevant to Uganda. Five drought-tolerant and three drought-sensitive genotypes were hybridized using a NCII mating design. The findings of the study indicated that drought tolerance is controlled by both additive and non-additive gene action with more predominance of additive gene effects for seed yield, pod weight, seed and pod and number. Further findings also revealed that the genotypes SEN 99 and NABE 15 are good combiners for drought tolerance.

Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, drought, screening, combining ability, inheritance