ISSN 2756-3804
Research Article
International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management Volume (2014), 10 pages. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A creative public-private joint venture for irrigation extension in Fergana valley of Central Asia
Doni S. Donik, Sardor Khamidov, Farrux Niyazimbetov and Jakhongir Sulaymonov
Samarkand State Institute of Agriculture, Uzbekistan.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 03 June, 2014
Abstract
A ‘farmer-centric’ innovative institutional mechanism, a public-private partnership, was created and strengthened, in the Fergana valley of Central Asia, for facilitating communication between farmers and researchers, and to disseminate knowledge on improved agronomic and irrigation management practices to improve water productivity at field level. As a result, yields of cotton from the twenty five demonstration sites in the three countries of Fergana valley - Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan – were, on the average, 28% higher than the average yield of cotton in the valley, suggesting that the proposed institutional mechanism was very effective in dissemination of information to farmers. Yields from neighboring farmers of demonstration fields were 14% higher than the average yields. In addition, demonstration site farmers used, on the average, 20% less water than the non-project farmers. Two independent external reviewers stated that this innovative public-private mechanism was very effective in disseminating information on improving water productivity at plot level to farmers, and suggested that the focus in the future should be on devising effective policy and economic instruments for financial sustainability of the innovation cycle after the donor support is withdrawn.
Key words: Agricultural extension, irrigation extension, innovation cycle, public-private partnership, water productivity.
Farrux Niyazimbetov and Jakhongir Sulaymonov, Sardor Khamidov, Doni S. Donik
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJIWM/1013Research Article
International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management Volume (2014), 4 pages. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Drip irrigation and black polyethylene mulch pressure on development, yield and water-use efficacy of tomato
Nirod J. Bora and Hanif M. Babu
Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), India.
*Corresponding author. [email protected].
Accepted 03, June 2014
Abstract
A two year field study was conducted during 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 on sandy loam soil to investigate the effect of drip irrigation and black polyethylene mulch compared with surface irrigation, on growth, yield, water-use efficiency and economics of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller). Drip irrigation at 80% evapo-transpiration (ET) crop based on pan evaporation applied gave significantly higher fruit yield (45.57 tonnes/ha) compared with the surface irrigation (29.43 tonnes/ha). Use of black polyethylene mulch plus drip irrigation further raised the fruit yield to 57.87 tonnes/ha. Plant height, leaf area index, dry matter production, fruit weight and yield increased significantly with the use of drip irrigation alone and in conjunction with polyethylene mulch compared to surface irrigation alone or with mulch. Water-use efficiency under drip irrigation alone, drip irrigation with polyethylene mulch and surface irrigation was 0.97, 1.23 and 0.42 tonne/ha-cm, respectively. Among different irrigation levels, drip irrigation at 80% ET resulted in higher net returns (34431 Rs/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.76) in tomato. However, maximum net returns (51386 Rs/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.03) was found with drip irrigation at 80% ET coupled with polyethylene mulch compared to other treatments. Drip irrigation besides giving a saving of 38% water resulted into 55% higher fruit yield compared to surface irrigation.
Key words: Drip irrigation, pan evaporation, black polyethylene, fruit yield, tomato.
Nirod J. Bora, Hanif M. Babu
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJIWM/1009Research Article
International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management Volume (2014), 7 pages. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Impact of irrigation and nitrogen levels on bulb yield, nitrogen uptake and water use value of shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum Baker)
James N. Zewdu
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bale International University, Ethiopia.
E-mail : james. [email protected]
Accepted 03 May, 2014
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at Bahirdar, Northwest Ethiopia, during the dry season of 2009 to evaluate the effects of irrigation levels and nitrogen (N) rates fertilizer on bulb yield, N uptake and water use efficiency (WUE) of shallot. The treatments comprised of three irrigation levels (120, 100, and 50% ETc) and four N rates (0, 59, 105 and 151 kg N ha-1) which were laid out in a split-plot design using irrigation levels as a main plot and N levels as a subplot with three replications. Data on plant height, number of leaves, WUE, N uptake, bulb number, average bulb diameter, marketable and unmarketable bulb yields were collected and analyzed. The result showed that irrigation and N levels significantly affected all these parameters. The interaction of irrigation and N also highly significantly affected all these parameters except the number of bulbs and N uptake of shallot. The regression equations (TMBY = 5.67 + 0.022Irr + 0.02N and TBY = 3.12 + 0.02109 Irr + 0.0158 N) revealed that an increase in the amount of irrigation by 1 mm can increase marketable and total bulb yield by about 0.022 and 0.0209 t ha-1, respectively and an increase in N by 1 kg ha - 1 can increase the marketable and total bulb yields by 0.022 and 0.0158 t ha-1, respectively. Application of water at 120% ETc and fertilized with either 105 or 151 kg N ha-1 was the best for maximum marketable (11.64 and 12.03 t ha-1) and total bulb yields (12.91 and 13.3 t ha-1). From WUE point of view, application of water at 100% ETc and fertilized with 151 kg N ha-1 could be the best practice. However, the yield at this interaction level is significantly lower than the maximum yields. The highest total N uptake (37.18 kg ha-1) was obtained at 151 kg N ha-1.
Key words: Irrigation, nitrogen, North-western Ethiopia, bulb, yield, shallot, marketable.
James N. Zewdu
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJIWM/1008Research Article
International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management Volume (2014), 6 pages. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The desalination of salt water fix for irrigation by electrodialysis and its effects on the germination, growth and seed yield of wheat ( Triticum durum Desf. Var. Karim)
Ugbaja W. Nicholas, Musa M. Suleiman and Akpaka Terry Owens*
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle, Ethiopia
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 09 June, 2014
Abstract
Morocco is characterised by a semi-arid climate and by unlimited conventional fresh water especially underground water. Electrodialysis experiment to desalinise water for irrigation was conduced on underground water from the north of Morocco. The effects of the use of desalted water on the germination and growth and seed yield of wheat were monitored to determine the best yield from use of desalted water for irrigation of wheat.
Key words: Electrodialysis, desalination, wheat, germination, production.
Musa M. Suleiman and Akpaka Terry Owens*, Ugbaja W. Nicholas
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJIWM/1010Research Article
International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management Volume (2014), 9 pages. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of irrigation with wastewater and foliar fertilizer application on some forage characteristics of foxtail millet (SETARIA ITALICA)
Rushdie M.I
Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Accepted 05 May, 2014
Abstract
In order to study effects of treated wastewater, with complete fertilizer sprayed on some forage quantitative and qualitative characteristics of foxtail millet (SETARIA ITALICA), A split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design (R.C.B design) with three replicates was carried out at the Agriculture Institute of Zabol University in south east Iran during 2009 growing season. Treatments included three levels of irrigation namely, irrigation with tap water at all stages of grows (control), irrigation with wastewater and tap water alternately, irrigation with wastewater for all growing stages, as the main plot and sprayed with three levels of complete fertilizer (NATBA-LIB): non-spraying (control), Sprayed with 600 g of complete fertilizer in each hectare, sprayed with 1200 g of complete fertilizer in each hectare, as were the subplots. According to the results, the irrigation with wastewater and complete fertilizer sprayed had a significant effect on yield and forage quality characteristics. Among the irrigation treatments, irrigation with wastewater for all growing stages cause increase of grain yield and forage quality characteristics such as soluble carbohydrate, crude protein, ash, dry matter digestibility and significant decrease in cell wall, cell wall without hemi cellulose and lignin percentage. Also the highest grain yield and dry matter digestibility were obtained from 1200 g of fertilizer sprayed in comparison with sprayed with 600 g of complete fertilizer and control treatments. Therefore, in order to achieve the desired quantitative and qualitative characteristics of forage millet, using the treated wastewater and complete fertilizer has recommended.
Key words: Irrigation, nitrogen, micronutrients, yields.
Rushdie M.I
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJIWM/1007Research Article
International Journal of Irrigation and Water Management Volume (2014), 11 pages. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Challenges of surface irrigation development, water and land productivity in Egypt
Salman A.K
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
Accepted 04 April, 2014
Abstract
Irrigation development is a gateway to increased agricultural, water and land productivity, increased household and national food security. However, irrigation development has been a major challenge in many developing countries, including Egypt. The overall objective of this study is to detect the influence of different irrigation systems on water-use efficiency, crop and soil salinity in highly soil salinity. Two techniques were applied in experiment, the first technique was siphon irrigation, and the second one was gated pipe. The monitored parameters were water table depth, water and soil salinity and crop yield. The study revealed that the intensive management is a very important aspect for the success of siphon technique and cotton crop yield was higher by 17% compared to gated pipe irrigation treatment. The total soil salinity increased in both treatments. The siphon method increases the average salinity by 2.7% while the gated pipe increased it by 12.9%; converging the value of the crop coefficient in all relations used in most stages of growth, except Penman relationship which gave the highest values.
Key words: Siphon irrigation method, gated pipe irrigation method, subsurface drainage, water-table management, water-table salinity, soil salinity, and crop yield.
Salman A.K
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJIWM/1006