International Journal of Agricultural Sciences

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 4 (4), pp. 151-156, April, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Estimation of genetic variability in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) using molecular marker: Molecular characterization of linseed genotypes

Ahsan Iqbal ¹, Sehar Nawaz¹, Allah Ditta Babar¹, Shazia Anwer Bukhari⁴, Muhammad Amjad³, M. Ahsan Khan², Sohail Ahmed Khan¹ and Nisar Ahmed¹*

¹Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of  Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

²Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

³Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

⁴Department of Applied Chemistry and Bio-Chemistry, G. C. University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

*Corresponding author: E.mail:[email protected]

Accepted 13 January, 2013

Abstract

Linum usitatissimum, L. accessions were analyzed using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers to assess the genetic variability among 20 genotypes. For   optimization of sampling, development of appropriate breeding strategy and estimation of genetic diversity RAPD is an efficient and cost effective molecular tool. Different primers were used for the analysis yielding a total of 83 loci, out of which 51 were polymorphic, showing 64% of overall polymorphism. A dendrogram was generated based on the similarity matrix by the Un weighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA), wherein the flax genotypes were grouped in five major clusters. The maximum similarity was observed between genotypes V-38 and V-40 (98.8%). While the most diverse genotypes were V-28 and V-21 (71.08%). Analysis has given no evidential grouping based on straight pedigrees relationships, but wider genetic background of genotype can be seen. The most diverse genotypes were identified and suggested their use in breeding programs and mapping the linseed genetic pool.

Key words: Linseed, RAPD, genetic diversity, molecular markers, cluster analysis, polymorphism.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 4 (4), pp. 157-165, April, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Adaptability and Stability studies of introduced Kenaf cultivars for fiber yield using GGE biplots in different environments of Ethiopia

Mulugeta Atnaf¹,  Tizazu Degu¹, Netsanet Abera¹ and Zeru Yimer¹

¹Pawe Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P. O. Box, 25, Pawe, Ethiopia.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Tel.  +251 919 157054;

Accepted 01 November, 2013

Abstract

An experiment to study adaptability and stability of introduced kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) cultivars for fiber yield was undertaken at different environments of Ethiopia in the 2011 main cropping season. Seven kenaf commercial cultivars introduced from Israeli and USA along with one local check were grown in randomized complete block design with four replicates. The combined analysis of variance over environments showed kenaf fiber yield was significantly affected by environments (E), genotypes (G) and genotype x environment (GE) interactions. The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) of the GGE explained 88.3% of the sum of squares using environment standardized model. GG-2 from Israeli and the local check had the highest mean fiber yield in that order. However, the local check was relatively most unstable compared with the rest of the genotypes. GG-2 showed both highest kenaf fiber mean yield and stability performance and also was the winner in four of the five test environments. Hence, it could be considered as most adaptable and stable cultivar. Test environments, Pawe and Awassa were the most discriminating of the genotypes and representative of all other test environments.

Key words: Fiber yield, GGE biplot, Hibiscus cannabinus, stability, Ethiopia.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 4 (3), pp. 138-142, March, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Another look at Kostiakov, modified Kostiakov and revised modified Kostiakov infiltration models in water resources applications

Prabeer Kumar Parhi

Center for Water Engineering and Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi-835205, India.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 17 January,  2014

Abstract

Owing to their simplicity and yielding reasonably satisfactory results in most applications, Kostiakov (KT) and modified Kostiakov (MKT) empirical infiltration models have been quite popular and frequently used in various water resource applications world over. With an improvement to the modified Kostiakov model known as revised modified Kostiakov (RMKT) model, there has been a need to critically analyze and investigate all the three popular empirical models to arrive at some conclusions regarding their suitability of application. The present study allows to conclude that except for Yolo light clay, where the performance was similar to the one of MKT, RMKT model performs better than MKT and KT models for the Plain field sand, Columbia sandy loam and Narsingpur Clay, with a very significant improvement in performance for Columbia sandy loam. Hence the use of RMKT model is strongly recommended for Columbia sandy loam type of soils and soils which are not fully saturated whilst MKT model can be recommended for the soils which are completely saturated with water.

Key words: Empirical infiltration models, Kostiakov model, modified Kostiakov model, revised modified Kostiakov model, least square approach, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 4 (4), pp. 143-150, April, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effectiveness of organic compounds in controlling root rot/wilt diseases, growth and yield parameters of pepper

Abdel-Monaim M.F.¹*, Abdel-Gaid M.A.² and Zayan S.A.¹

¹Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

²Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].Tel: +20927936364  Fax: +20927925452

Accepted 14 February, 2014

Abstract

Root rot and wilt caused by Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum, are the most important diseases of pepper in Egypt. The possibility to reduce disease severity using some organic compounds viz. Humic acid, Inicium, Bio-Health, Alga Grow-4 and Effective Microorganisms (EM1) was investigated on two pepper cultivars (Long Red Cayenne and California Wonder) under greenhouse and field experiments. Pepper transplanting treated with Humic acid followed by Inicium was the highest efficient in reducing area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) compared with to the other treatments under green house and field conditions. While, pepper transplanting treated with Alga Grow-4 and EM1 recorded the lowest reduction in area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) in this respect. On the other hand, all treatments significantly improved plant growth (plant height and number of branches plant^-1) and yield parameters (fruit height, fruit diameter, fruit weight plant^-1, No. of fruits plant^-1, pod weight  and total yield feddan^-1 (Kg) in both cultivars during growing seasons (2010-2011 and 2011-2012). Humic acid and Inicium were the most effective in improving plant growth and yield parameters. On the contrary pepper transplanting treated with Alga Grow-4 and EM1 gave the lowest increased of these parameters in both cultivars during growing seasons.

Key words: Pepper, root rot and wilt, organic compounds, effective microorganisms, growth parameters, yield parameters.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 4 (3), pp. 131-137, March, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research paper

The growth performance and resıdue levels ın Raınbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum 1792) after applıcatıon of porcıne growth hormone (pgh) ın different  tıme  ıntervals

Deniz D. Tosun¹ and Mehmet S. Celikkale²

¹Istanbul University, Faculty of Fisheries, Aquaculture Department, Ordu cad. No:200 Istanbul Universitesi, Su Urunleri Fakultesi,Istanbul/Turkey.

²Istanbul Aydın University, Beşyol Mah.Inönü Cad.No: 38 Sefaköy-Küçükçekmece / İSTANBUL.

*Corresponding author: [email protected]. Tel: +902124555700/16475

Accepted 18 December, 2013

Abstract

In this study, effects of porcine growth hormone on the growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhychus mykiss) and its possible residue in fish meat[O1]  and blood were investigated.[O2] The study was defined in two phases[O3] . The first phase is the rearing of the fish which were chosen to be in the same weight range as close as possible (90g-110g) [O4] till they reach the table size. [O5] Through this phase fish were injected with porcine somatotropin in periods differing from one group to another. First group received one injection, second two injections and third group received three[O6]  injections. At the end of the study, fish in the experimental groups weighed more than the control groups. A1–K1 and A1–K2 groups were significantly different  (p<0.05) in terms of weight, A2–K1, A2–K2, B1–K1, B1–K2, B2–K1, B2– K2, C1–K1 and C2–K2 groups were significantly different (p<0.01) as well[O7] .  In the second phase, fish carcasses were analyzed for porcine growth hormone residues. There were no significant difference with the control groups in terms of residue levels.

Key words: Growth performance, porcine growth hormone, rainbow trout, residue, aquaculture.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 4 (2), pp. 125-130, February, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Seed germination and early seedling growth of haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars as influenced by salinity stress

Habtamu Ashagre*, Ermias Estifanos, Muluken Endale, Mulugeta Tolesa and Shitaye Nuguse

Department of Plant Sciences and Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Ambo University, P.O. Box 19, Ambo, Ethiopia.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 8, January 2014

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of haricot bean cultivars. Two haricot bean cultivars (Lehade and Chercher) and five salinity levels (0, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mM) were factorially arranged in complete randomized design with three replications. The result of the study indicated that cultivars × salinity interaction was not significant. However, significant differences were observed between cultivars in germination percentage, root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weights, and seedling dry weight. Lehade cultivar gave the higher germination percentage (100%) compared with Chercher (92.5%), but gave significantly lower value in all other seedling growth traits, except shoot length and root-to-shoot length ratio. Increase in salinity levels decreased germination percentage (2.1-8.3%); shoot (20.6-57.3%) and root (16.4-59.3%) lengths; shoot fresh weight (14.9-41.2%) and root fresh weight (13.1-30.4%); shoot dry weight (11.2-28.5%); root dry weight (8.3-41.2%); seedling dry weight (10.8-57.6%); and root-to-shoot length ratio (0.4-17.1%) of haricot bean. The study confirmed that, cultivars varied genetically for their germination percentage and growth traits. The increase in salinity level substantially decreased germination percentage and seedling growth parameters in haricot bean cultivars.

Key words: Cultivars, Germination percentage, Phaseolus vulgaris L., NaCl, Seedling growth, Salinity stress.