ISSN 2167-0447
Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-005, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Determinants of formal agricultural credit allocation to the farm sector by arable crop farmers in Benue State, Nigeria
Victor Ugbem Oboh1* and Ineye Douglas Ekpebu2
1Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.
2Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Accepted 27 April, 2019
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of socio-economic and demographic factors on the rate of credit allocation to the farm sector by arable crop farmers in Benue State, Nigeria. Cross-sectional data were obtained from 300 randomly selected loan beneficiaries. Obtained data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, t -test and multiple regressions. Results showed a statistically significant gap (p 0.001) between the amount of loan applied for and the amount received by farmers. The study also found that only about 56% of the loans were invested directly in farm activities implying that the balance of 43% of the loan was diverted and spent on non-farm activities. Factors that significantly (p 0.005) affected the rate of credit allocation to the farm include age, education, farm size, household size, length of loan delay and visitation by bank officials. Based on these results, the paper recommends increased flow of capital to the bank for on-lending to farmers. In addition, loans should be disbursed on time and banks officials should be encouraged to pay regular supervisory visits to farmers. Finally, benefiting farmers should be given basic training on efficient management of loans in order to curtail the high rate of loan diversion.
Key words: Credit allocation, farm sector, arable crop farmers, Nigerian agricultural and rural development bank, Nigeria.
Victor Ugbem Oboh*, Ineye Douglas Ekpebu
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1343Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-009, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The effects of market factors and government policies on the maize marketing in Iran
Amir H. Chizari1* and M. Hajiheidari2
1College of agriculture and natural resource, department of agriculture economics, Tehran University, Tehran Iran.
2Department of Agricultural Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 19 March, 2019
Abstract
Maize plays a unique role in the agricultural economic of world. It is a key stable crop which is used in a wide range of food industries and as a customary livestock feed in Iran. Also, it is one of the most widely traded commodities in terms of absolute import value and the ratio of its amount to the total production value. Most of the traded maize in Iran is used for feed and smaller amounts are for industrial and food uses. Agriculture policy reforms in Iran have generated higher disposable incomes and increase livestock production that worked to expand maize domestic consumption faster than domestic production. In order to investigate the effect of government agriculture policies on maize market and trade restriction in Iran during 1989 to 2006 period, in this paper the advanced simultaneously econometric model is used in order to study the acreage planted, domestic demand and production, import demand and marketing margin functions. The results showed that government policies were ineffective. Therefore price support policy was not efficient for the maize market regulation. Furthermore, since government intervention in the market did not result stabilization and regulation of the maize market in practice, so the support from private sector and less restriction on trade are suggested.
Key words: Marketing margin, market structure, agriculture policies, maize, Iran.
M. Hajiheidari, Amir H. Chizari*
Page: 1 - 9
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1342Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-007, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Sensitivity of selected Alliaceae seedlings to crude extracts of Cucumis myriocarpus fruits
T. P. Mafeo*, P. W. Mashela and M. S. Mphosi
School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, Republic of South Africa.
Accepted 17 June, 2019
Abstract
Crude extracts of wild cucumber (Cucumis myriocarpus) fruits have been successfully used as post-emergent bio-nematicide in suppression of the southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). Compatibility of this bio-nematicide with plant growth when used as a pre-emergent bio-nematicide was tested on onion (Allium cepa), leek (Allium ampeloprasum) and chive ( Allium schoenoprasum) under greenhouse conditions. In each trial, 10 levels of crude extracts of C. myriocarpus fruits were arranged in a randomised complete block design, with five replicates. At harvest, 18 days after planting, seedling height, radicle length, coleoptile length and coleoptile diameter each were each subjected to the Curve-Fitting Allelochemical Response Data (CARD) model, which demonstrated that at both low and high levels, the bio-nematicide had stimulatory and inhibitory effects on growth of test plants, respectively. The total sum of transformations ( k), expresses the sensitivity of the test plant to the bio-nematicide, k being inversely proportional to the degree of sensitivity. Overall, onion was the most sensitive to the bio-nematicide, followed by chive and leek. In conclusion, since the material had 100% inhibition of plant growth where it suppresses nematodes, the material is not suitable for use as a pre-emergent bio-nematicide.
Key words: Allelopathy, bio-nematicide, biological systems, CARD model, phytotoxicity.
P. W. Mashela and M. S. Mphosi, T. P. Mafeo*
Page: 1 - 7
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1341Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Estimation of correlation coefficients among seed yield and some quantitative traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Naeem Akhtar1*, Talat Mehmood2, Muhammad Ahsan3, Ahsan Aziz1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Salman Ahmad1, Muhammad Asif1 and Ehsan Safdar1
1University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha- 40100, Pakistan.
2Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PMAS University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi -46300, Pakistan.
3Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Pakistan.
Accepted 19 April, 2019
Abstract
Genetic variability of quantitative traits and their contribution towards seed yield that may be used as criteria for yield improvement in wheat was investigated. Generation means analysis technique was applied to identify correlation (phenotypic and genetic) coefficients for seven quantitative traits in two wheat crosses and their reciprocals. The estimates of genetic correlation coefficients were found greater than the phenotypic one for all studied plant traits in both crosses and their reciprocals. Seed yield per plant was found positively correlated at phenotypic and genetic levels in cross V-95199 x PARI-73 and it’s reciprocal. In this cross, days to heading, peduncle length, spikelets per spike and seed yield per main spike were significantly influenced while harvest index showed negative association with seed yield per plant. The phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients of cross Chakwal-86 x V-8060 and its reciprocal indicated that seed yield per plant had significantly positive strong association with all studied plant traits except specific flag leaf weight and days to heading. It is concluded that the inter relationship among traits both at phenotypic and genetic levels could efficiently be exploited for obtaining maximum seed yield per main spike, peduncle length, and harvest index which ultimately lead to improve crop yield.
Key words: Wheat, direct and reciprocal crosses.
Muhammad Ashraf, Salman Ahmad, Muhammad Asif and Ehsan Safdar, Naeem Akhtar*, Talat Mehmood, Muhammad Ahsan, Ahsan Aziz
Page: 1 - 6
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1340Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-007, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Molecular genosystematic and physiological characteristics of fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the rice rhizosphere of Iranian paddy fields
Mahmoud Reza Ramezanpour1*, Yuri Popov2, Kazem Khavazi3 and Hadi Asadi Rahmani3
1Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Mazandaran Province, Iran.
2Microbiology and Biotechnology Department, Yerevan State University, Armenia.
3Soil and Water Research Institute, Iran.
Accepted 20 April, 2019
Abstract
The great progress achieved in the use of molecular genosystematics permits the study to solve many problems of specificity in the relationship between plant and microbial population of the rhizosphere. In this study, the plant growth promoting properties (indolileacetic acid production, phosphate solubilization and siderophore production) and genetic diversity of isolated Pseudomonas strains were examined. Bacterial strains were isolated from the rice rhizosphere of paddy fields in three Northern Provinces (Mazandaran, Gollestan and Guillan) of Iran. Our studies revealed that pseudomonads have plant growth promoting properties. Isolated strains showed high ability of IAA production, phosphate solubilization and siderophore production, while genotyping analysis showed that pseudomonads isolated from the rhizosphere of rice are genetically diverse. Nevertheless, the strains were distributed into 11 genotypes, including five groups of fluorescent pseudomonads.
Key words: Fluorescent pseudomonads, rice rhizosphere, IAA production, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, gene typing.
Kazem Khavazi and Hadi Asadi Rahmani, Mahmoud Reza Ramezanpour*, Yuri Popov
Page: 1 - 7
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1339Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-005, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in selected areas of Jabi Tehenan district, West Gojam of Amhara regional state, Northwestern Ethiopia
Molalegne Bitew*, Yeshitila Amedie, Asmamaw Abebe and Tadele Tolosa
College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, P. O. Box, 307, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Accepted 24 June, 2019
Abstract
Cross sectional study was conducted in Jabi Tehenan district of West Gojjam administrative zone from October 2008 to April 2009 to determine the current prevalence rate of bovine trypanosomosis. In the parasitological survey, blood samples of 300 cattle were examined using a buffy coat technique. The PCV value of each animal was also measured using hematocrit reader. The overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was found to be 11.7% and it consists of 16, 10 and 9% in Regeb Kebero Meda, Weyenema Workema and around Finote Selam peasant associations respectively. The most positive cases were due to Trypanosoma congolense (54.3%) followed by Trypanosoma vivax (45.7%). The mean PCV value (%) of parasitaemic and aparasitaemic animals during the study period were 20.3±4.1 SD and 25.29±4.67 SD with a significance difference (p < 0.05). The study also demonstrated variations prevalent among different age groups and between both sexes which were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Infection rate in poor body condition animals were significantly higher than good body condition animals (p < 0.05). The present prevalent study generated valuable information on the epidemiology of bovine trypanosomosis in the study area and revealed that trypanosomosis is an important disease in the study area.
Key words: Amhara, bovine, Ethiopia, Jabi Tehenan, prevalence, trypanosomosis.
Molalegne Bitew*, Yeshitila Amedie, Asmamaw Abebe and Tadele Tolosa
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1338